The capital of the Chuvash Republic - Cheboksary, is considered one of the most beautiful cities in Russia. And there is confirmation of this. The city is not very large in size (the area in the city district is 250 sq. km) and sparsely populated (population - 470 thousand people), but it impresses with its beauty, clean streets, fountains and squares.
Mentions
The first mention of this city, located on the banks of the Volga, dates back to the 15th century. The Russian chronicles mention an urban settlement, only its name was slightly different and was used in the singular - Cheboksary. The settlement on the Volga was founded before the 15th century (but the official date of birth of the city is 1469) initially as a military fortification of the Russian army. There was already a map of Chuvashia by that time, but it has not been preserved, and it is impossible to judge more accurate references with cartographic data.
Name
As for the etymology of the word, there are several options. One of them is the origin of the name from the phrase "Chebak" and "ar". Chebak is a common name for the Mari who lived in this territory, and ar -is the Finnish name for the river. What together means - "the Chebaka river". Another option implies the origin of the word from the Chuvash "shupakar", which in translation into Russian means "fortified place". An older map of Chuvashia was printed for a long time with an unusual name for modern times.
History
In the second half of the 16th century, a military fortress was built on the outskirts of the city, which served as the southern border of the state. The Cheboksary district is formed, which is successfully developing in terms of trade. This is facilitated by the proximity to the Volga. Over the next 200 years, Orthodox churches and monasteries were actively built on the territory of the county. Gradually, the city becomes the cultural, religious, military and industrial center of the region.
Geography of the region
The capital of Chuvashia is located on the Volga Upland, on the right bank of the Volga. Now the Cheboksary reservoir is located on this shore. The length of the city borders is within 80 km, of which 16 km is the embankment. The Volga Upland itself is everywhere cut up by beams and ravines, so the relief within the city is ravine. Altitude fluctuation varies from 50 to 200 meters.
The capital of Chuvashia on the relief map is shown in a more complete picture, and there you can find complete information about the uplands and lowlands of this region. The ravines in the city are formed by the watersheds of small rivers that were once located in this territory. Because of this feature, the layout of the area itself turned out to be interesting: urban buildings are in the form of wedges,which converge to the Volga Bay, forming a kind of amphitheater. Also, thanks to the hills, 5 bridges were built in Cheboksary.
Climate
The capital of the Chuvash Republic is located within the temperate climate zone. It has a continental type of climate. The formation of weather conditions in Cheboksary is influenced by cold Arctic air masses in winter and humid Atlantic air masses in summer. In winter, the city has stable frosty and snowy weather. The period itself lasts up to 5 months. Summer is moderate, sometimes hot, lasting 3 months. In spring and autumn, the weather is often unstable.
Cheboksary is a region with a high percentage of moisture. Evaporation often exceeds the amount of precipitation, because of this, the temperature regime changes dramatically during the day. The distribution of precipitation is also uneven. Most of them fall in the summer season, falling on the city with heavy downpours. The average annual rainfall is 500 mm. Average July temperatures are +18°С…+19°С, January -11°С…-13°С.
Administrative-territorial division
The capital of the Chuvash Republic has an administrative status - an urban district. In addition to the three administrative districts of the city (Leninsky, Moskovsky, Kalininsky) and the territorial administration of Zavolzhye, the city includes 3 settlements: Sosnovka, Severny, Novye Lapsary and the village of Chandrovo.
According to the population census in 2015, the city took 39th place in terms of the number of inhabitants in the cities of the Russian Federation. At this time, a little more than480 thousand people. In terms of ethnic composition, the majority of the inhabitants are the indigenous population of the republic (Chuvash 62%). The percentage of Russians here is lower – 32%. Representatives of other nationalities also live in the city: Tatars, Maris, Ukrainians, Armenians, etc.
There are two official languages here: Russian and Chuvash. It is noteworthy that most of the city's population speaks the Chuvash language. This can confuse visitors. But everyone here understands Russian. By religious composition, most of the inhabitants are Orthodox Christians.
Science, culture and industry
The capital of Chuvashia is also famous for its industrial development. Such industries as metalworking and mechanical engineering (9 large enterprises), food industry (4 large enterprises), electric power industry, and light industry are actively developing.
Besides, Cheboksary is the cultural, scientific and educational center of Chuvashia. The city has 5 state higher institutions, 13 branches of universities in other cities, about 20 institutions of secondary education, a large number of schools.
As for sights, there are a lot of them both historical and modern.
Division of the city
The capital of Chuvashia, Cheboksary, is conditionally divided into two halves: the left bank and the right bank. The right bank of the Volga is the historical district of the city. There are many beautiful and unique places that are directly related to the history of the city. The right bank is also the business center of the city. The left bank is replete with its naturalpaints, parks, fountains. This is a great place to relax for both locals and visiting guests.
The capital of the Chuvash Republic even has its own "Arbat" - this is Kuptsa Efremov's pedestrian street, located in the city center. There is also a merchant's house on it, which is considered an architectural monument of the 19th century. At the present time, a branch of the Moscow SEI is located within the walls of the mansion.
On Composers Vorobyov Street, in the center of the city, there is an artificial Cheboksary Bay. This is truly the most beautiful part of the city. City holidays, festivals and fairs are held on the square by the bay. From it you can go to the banks of the Volga. The central beach of the capital is also located on the embankment.
The city is also famous for its Orthodox religious monuments. For example, the Church of the Holy Martyr Tatyana was built in 2006. It is located in the northwestern part of the city and has a majestic view. There are also ancient Orthodox churches: the Vvedensky Cathedral is considered the oldest church in the city (its construction begins in 1555) and the Church of the Ascension of Christ, built in 1758. Also in Cheboksary, the Holy Trinity Monastery is still operating, the construction of which began on the orders of Ivan the Terrible.
Like the rest of Chuvashia, Cheboksary is a city with a developed culture. Here you can visit 8 museums and exhibition halls that tell about the history of the city and the region, theaters and even the State Philharmonic. This is what attracts tourists quite strongly. They are happy to visit all the establishments thateat in Cheboksary, buy souvenirs and take photos for memory, and then return to this city again to relive the amazing emotions from what they saw earlier.
