Many authors say that modern Russian society needs a new complex model of humanitarization of education. A radical restructuring of the national educational system, overcoming the socio-economic crisis is impossible without the full inclusion of this process into the usual life rhythm of society.
What is humanization and humanization in general?
Today, in the development of modern education, the tendency of humanization is manifested only to a small extent. Highlighted by the financial crisis, the concepts of humanization and humanitarization have acquired great relevance in the current century. By the way, some researchers believe that these terms appear in the literature as identically equal units. Despite their significant closeness, there are many differences between them.
Speaking about the humanitarization of education, this word should be understood not only as an affirmation of humanity in relations between the subjects of the system, but also as a priority of orientations towards the main moral values. Honor, decency, conscience, responsibility, mercy, justice and much more should, to a certain extent, be the fundamental principles of the processhumanization of education.
It is also important to note the need for the culture of the humanities to penetrate into the semantic content of not only social sciences. The humanization of higher technical education and the natural sciences implies the introduction into the professional activities of specialists in any field, the daily life of people, everyday life. The problem, due to which the acceptance of this process by the Russian society is difficult, is its perception by the population as a mastered volume of specific humanitarian knowledge. Indeed, in fact, humanitarian education includes both theory and the skills to perform tasks based on the acquired baggage of knowledge, their reproduction.
What is the humanization process for?
By the way, not everyone understands that the humanitarization of education is aimed at the formation of morality and a tolerant attitude towards absolutely dissimilar points of view and life positions. First, it can really promote openness and encourage people to intensify intellectual activity.
Secondly, the trend of humanization of modern education is to create a shell of spirituality. These two concepts appear in semantic proximity relative to each other, since the loftiness of thoughts, the pious motivation of one's own actions and desires are characteristic of both terms. Humanitarian education contributes to overcoming human disunity, which is the root cause of many negative socialconsequences.
Thirdly, the humanization and humanitarization of education in higher education helps in mastering any profession, as well as mastering its skills. In particular, this affects the activities of specialists loaded with managerial functions.
Disadvantages of lack of humanitarian thinking
If we take into account the junior and secondary schools, then the need for intensive introduction of the humanization of education in the educational work of institutions can be justified by a whole list of weighty reasons. Since in the Russian state, as in many other world powers, the inexorable growth in the popularity of cruelty and immorality continues, only a focus on humane treatment of others will help to cope with these universal human ills. Naturally, antisocial behavior in most cases is the result of the impact of technical, political, legal, cultural, ethical and moral and psychological chaos.
Sufficiently make themselves felt and such problems of humanization and humanitarization of education as obstacles to adequate education due to the presence of authoritarian habits, methods and traditions in the functioning of the system. For example, the majority of state educational universities train narrow-profile specialists with a “one-vector” type of thinking. They are able to perform single-stage tasks of a small range of professional orientation, without going beyond the boundaries of the general context of a particular area.
Researchersbelieve that the causes of difficulties and problems in the economy, politics, ecology, and social spheres are the inability of graduates of modern universities to think differently.
Negative consequences of the development of scientific and technical spheres
Meanwhile, the high demand and tendencies towards the process of humanization are associated with a considerable risk of the wholesale creation of innovative scientific and technical objects. In this case, there is a huge possibility of turning the "know-how" of achievements against modern human civilization. Be that as it may, without the spiritual, moral and intellectual development of representatives of modern society, neither professional growth, nor highly competitive labor productivity, nor the formation of a confident, purposeful personality is possible.
Challenge that humanization and humanization are two sides of the same coin called "educational process". Without taking into account these concepts, it will simply not be possible to imagine a comprehensive reboot of the social order and the entire educational system.
F. Friedman, a well-known teacher and specialist in the field of sociology, back in the middle of the last century said that progress and technical innovations negatively affect intelligence, dull thinking, suppress initiative and eliminate a sense of responsibility. Machines and robots that have come to replace the simplest human actions, according to him, decompose the humanitarian foundations.
To resist the irreversible effect of technology on the spiritual, moral andthe social side of modern society is possible by using the antidote. The humanization and humanization of education are the very measures that will not allow the negative impact of technological progress to deform humanity. An interesting detail is that the sociologist Friedman spoke about the specifics of his era, without even assuming how relevant his work would be after half a century.
The difference between two opposite directions of education
The implementation of the tasks set at the proper level is hindered by a significant obstacle - the inconsistency of technical and humanitarian cultures. Contradictions and discrepancies in the basic characteristics of these areas contribute to the formation of dissimilar types of consciousness, logic, thinking, behaviors, corporate ethical norms and regulations, and much more.
Today, there are several basic principles on which the current education system confidently stands:
- continuity;
- humanization;
- internationalization;
- computerization;
- humanization.
Based on the above points, it can be seen that the trends of scientific and technological progress and the characteristic features of the humanitarian direction are intertwined here. If the first generates massovization, standardization, stereotyped perception of things, phenomena, products, thoughts, feelings, etc., then the second develops according to the trend of preserving individuality, originality. From this it is easy to conclude that scientific and technological developmentadversely affects the humanitarian component of the educational process.
Business and humanity: contradictions and complexities
Meanwhile, the confrontation between humanitarian and technical cultures is not the only dilemma in society and the educational sphere in particular. The acute problem lies in the contradictions between the peculiarities of market relations and such an important component of the concept of humanity as morality.
Only a few authors pay attention to the fact that in trading conditions it is quite difficult to remain a person with a high level of moral qualities, spirituality and humanism.
Just imagine: a decent honest person and the market. Can these two concepts go hand in hand? The secret of success in the field of market relations is based on a simple principle: to invest less and get more profit, i.e. Give a little, take a lot. A decent person, educated and humane, on the contrary, tries to be modest, to give more and take less. Everyone independently chooses how to live: in morality or we alth.
But most likely, the observance of morality and humane values in business should be preceded by a review of the morality of statesmen.
Reasons for the impossibility of full-fledged humanization and humanitarianization
Today, humanization of education is weak in society. The signs of this are as follows:
- need, desire and initiative to master the humanitarian culture among young peoplecompletely absent;
- The pace of democratization in the Russian education sector is too low with a lot of contradictions;
- teaching profession is not prestigious in terms of students.
Repeatedly conducted sociological studies confirm the tendency of applicants to choose professions such as economist, lawyer, accountant, manager. Speaking of engineering professions, they are not so often chosen, but compared to the low-prestige professions of a doctor and a teacher, they are more in demand.
The reluctance of people to devote their lives to education or he alth can only be explained by the unfavorable state of affairs in these systems. It is useless to talk about reforming the basic mechanisms for the provision of educational and medical services if there is no increase in the social status of the relevant professions.
The well-known Belarusian writer S. Aleksievich has repeatedly noted that, in her opinion, the most stupid thing that education management can only decide on is the eradication of the humanization of education. Indeed, gradually in the educational and work plans of the universities of the post-Soviet states, incl. and Russia, entire lists of disciplines in this area are being squeezed out or, at best, the hours for studying them are cut as much as possible.
Consequences of the lack of humanization in education
All this has led to the fact that in today's Russian society the cult of knowledge and learning has not yet been formed. The humanization and humanization of education as a holistically developed system does not have a mechanism for the introduction of socio-pedagogical technologies, the importance of which cannot be overestimated.
Thanks to them, liberal arts education acquires the ability to reflect the needs and interests of participants in the learning process. Moreover, the lack of effective levers for the implementation of the educational concept will undoubtedly lead to a stop in the course of humanization.
Thus, the main task is determined, which can help in achieving the relevant results - the formation and implementation of socio-pedagogical technologies.
What the humanization of education means is easier to understand if we consider the role of the social environment during this process, since the education system is an important social institution. Today, to call a favorable social environment in our state, to be honest, the language does not turn.
State disinterest in humanitarianization
Russia has a lot to learn from countries where the material and moral component of the standard of living is an order of magnitude higher. In most civilized European states, the very concept of business and entrepreneurship includes not only the pursuit of profit, but also a social component: caring for a person, providing comfort, conditions for development, etc. Naturally, “the fish rots from the head”, as they say researchers. managerialstate bodies demonstrate by the example of their own activity that it is possible to save money on the people. Large-scale underfunding of various social spheres, including education, he althcare, culture, etc., is no secret to anyone.
Only one conclusion suggests itself: human potential is not appreciated by the state at its true worth. Accordingly, the humanization and humanitarization of the social order is hampered by the missing number of qualified specialists. Important managerial decisions are often made by poorly educated officials, which in itself poses a threat to the normal social order.
Discord in the social environment
Due to the lack of existing mechanisms for launching humanization in the field of education, the criminalization of the social environment is at a critical level. This is confirmed by the high number of prisoners in Russian prisons. Rates are high for both adults and adolescents. The reason for children's criminality is the lack of a full-fledged anti-alcohol, anti-tobacco and anti-drug programs for educating young people. Children between the ages of 10 and 14 are particularly at risk of drug addiction. Many of them know firsthand what strong alcoholic drinks are.
The use of alcohol that is detrimental to the child's body and brain activity contributes to the emergence of aggression and inadequacy of the child's perception of the world. As a rule, children begin to take alcohol and drugs, falling underthe negative influence of the teenage crowd. In order to avoid the appearance of such interests in their own child, parents should be able to rationally coordinate the personal time and space of their child.
The humanization of secondary education is an additional cautionary factor for students. They, immersed headlong in the study of many interesting disciplines, would never think of spending time in an asocial company. After all, it is not by chance that folk wisdom says: “All problems are from idleness.”
