The curriculum is the basic document on the basis of which any teacher works. After the changes that were made to the system of domestic education, innovations also affected the subject areas considered in the framework of school education.
Modern trends
In the new conditions, the working curriculum in the subject should have a different content. Other requirements apply to the teacher himself. If earlier he was a translator of knowledge, abilities, skills, then in modern realities the teacher becomes a mentor, helping children to independently acquire ZUN (knowledge, skills, skills), improve UUD (universal learning activities).
Structure
What are the elements of a working curriculum? There are certain requirements for its design. First, an explanatory note is drawn up. It notes the features of the course, indicatesthe main goals and objectives that the teacher sets for himself. Since the curriculum is a document, it notes those methods and techniques that allow the teacher to realize the goals and objectives. After the introduction of new standards in Russian education, the content of the program has also changed.
In addition to methodological planning, a working curriculum in any subject should contain a section with expected results.
An obligatory element is educational and thematic planning, in which the teacher indicates the names of topics, sections of the program, the main structural units, homework, types of work in each lesson.
The curriculum of the Federal State Educational Standard assumes the allocation in each lesson of those universal learning skills that the student must master.
Regulatory framework
All curricula developed for Russian educational institutions are based on the component of the state standard, the basic curriculum and the list of textbooks recommended for use by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, the Federal Law "On Education", the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
Based on the federal curriculum, as well as those plans that function in each specific educational organization, the teacher indicates the number of hours for the subject.
Chemistry program option
For this subject, the curriculum is not only explanatorya note, planned results, lesson planning, but also a mandatory listing of practical and laboratory work. So, within the framework of the Federal State Educational Standard of the new generation, in the course of chemistry of the eighth grade, it is planned to conduct 7 practical classes, 6 laboratory experiments. The course is 68 hours (two hours per week).
Number of tests - 4.
Goals and objectives of the chemistry course
What is a chemical entity? The curriculum is designed to teach children how to use chemicals safely.
Targets:
- mastering elementary chemical knowledge about the composition and properties of compounds;
- formation of cognitive interest and intellectual abilities within the framework of independent acquisition of knowledge;
- learning how to process information from various sources;
- cultivating respect for one's he alth, for wildlife;
- formation of skills and abilities for the safe use of materials in everyday life;
- acquaintance with the algorithms for conducting laboratory experiments and experiments
Since the curriculum is a complex of various actions, it should be noted that its implementation is possible using various educational technologies: project and research activities, activity approach, individual learning, problem-based methodology.
In modern realities, schoolchildren are taught within the framework of the formation of computer competence, therefore, in itsAt work, the chemistry teacher uses a lot of multimedia presentations, video and audio recordings.
Control of the quality of assimilation by students involves independent and control work in test and classical form.
The priority areas within the subject of "chemistry" according to the educational standards of the second generation are the following elements:
- independent and motivated organization of their own cognitive activity, from setting the goal of the work, ending with the analysis of the result;
- application of elements of structural-functional and causal analysis;
- drawing up the simplest relationships between the properties of a substance and its areas of application;
- own selection of criteria for comparative analysis, comparison, evaluation, selection of objects;
- the ability to motivatedly and in detail prove their reasoning, find evidence.
Summing up
Serious changes are currently being observed in the domestic educational system. They touched not only the curriculum, in which new subjects appear, but also the content and structure of educational programs used by teachers in their professional activities.
Subject programs are subject to certain requirements, regulated not only by the requirements of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, but also by local documents adopted at the level of an educational organization. Regardless of the educationalsubject, each teacher develops a curriculum, makes lesson planning - all this is approved at the methodological association of teachers, certified by the head of the school.
