Peacock Vinogradov is a famous participant in the Civil War. He was a member of the Social Democratic Party, proved himself at work to provide food for Petrograd, organizing the delivery of products from the Arkhangelsk region. Noted for participation in the battles on the territory of this region.
Biography of a revolutionary
Pavlin Vinogradov was born in 1890. He was born into the family of a factory clerk near St. Petersburg in the village of Zayanye, which was located on the territory of the Gdovsky district, located in the southwestern part of the St. Petersburg province. Entered the Sestroretsk plant, where at first he was an apprentice, and then a full-time worker.
Became a member of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party in 1905. He took an active part in the revolutionary movement in 1905-1907. In 1909 his mother died. Immediately after this tragedy, Pavlin Vinogradov was drafted into the army, he hid from official authorities for a long time.
The tsarist police managed to detain him only in 1912. He was tried, found guilty and sent to a disciplinary battalion for two years.
A few months later, Pavlin Vinogradov appeared before the court again. During the second trial, he was accused of agitating against the tsar and the government. This time the case was considered by a military court, which sentenced him to eight years of hard labor. Pavlin Fedorovich Vinogradov served time first in the Shlisselburg fortress, then in Siberia, in the Alexander Central in the territory of the modern Irkutsk region.
Took part in the February Revolution, and then in the suppression of the Kornilov speech. He was among those who stormed the Winter Palace. Then in 1917 he married a girl Olga from the Pskov province, who was from the village of Vinogradov's parents.
Trip to Arkhangelsk
After the October Revolution, Vinogradov was assigned to the food committee of the Alexander Nevsky district. While working there, he was sent on a business trip to Arkhangelsk to organize the delivery of food to Petrograd, in particular, 10,000 pounds of bread.
In February 1918, the task was successfully completed, but Pavlin Vinogradov did not leave Arkhangelsk. Here he was elected a member of the provincial executive committee, he soon became deputy chairman, a position similar to that of the vice-governor now.
In the summer of 1918, mobilization into the Red Army began throughout the country. Moreover, it turned out that they would have to fight with yesterday's allies - the British, Americans, and French. The peasants could not understand why they should shoot at soldiers who, six months ago, were practically in the same trenches with them. ToIn addition, the mobilization began in the midst of haymaking, most tried to evade it by any means.
A critical situation arose in Shenkursk, where armed peasants blocked the communists in the building of the soldiers' barracks, where they spent several days under siege, and then were forced to surrender.
Suppression of the rebellion in Shenkursk
Vinogradov was appointed one of the leaders of the suppression of the kulak rebellion in the Shenkur district. He led a detachment that was sent to suppress the uprising.
On the wall of the local barracks, there is still a memorial plaque, which says that the Social Revolutionary uprising in Shenkursk was suppressed by the Red Army under the leadership of Vinogradov. In fact, most of the peasants themselves went home to continue to make provisions for the winter, they were not particularly interested in politics and opposition to the communists.
Intervention
While Vinogradov de alt with the rebels in Shenkursk, the allies landed in Arkhangelsk itself, starting an offensive south in two directions at once: along the Northern Dvina River and along the railway.
A military commissar named Zenkovich tried to organize resistance by placing military units on the left bank of the Dvina. They were based in Isakogorsk, but the plan failed, Zenkovich himself was killed at the railway station. Most of the Soviet officials who remained in Arkhangelsk traveled to Kotlas bysteamboats.
Vinogradov created the Kotlas fortified area, a military flotilla. Her ships also participated in battles with the White Guards in the Kotlas direction, fought with the interventionists.
Another detachment was sent to Dvinskoy Bereznik, where the units commanded by the hero of our article joined him. When the ships of the invaders approached Dvinsky Bereznik, Vinogradov's detachment located there promptly retreated.
Water battles
In August 1918, Vinogradov managed to arm three paddle steamers, which were called "Phoenix", "Bogatyr" and "Mighty". Each of these ships carried two machine guns and two Maclein cannons.
Allied artillery was much more powerful. However, Vinogradov with three ships went to Dvinsky Bereznik, where the Allied ships were already moored. He began to move along the coast, firing at the enemy with machine guns and cannons. Soon they began to shoot back. The battle lasted more than two hours, after which the Severodvinsk flotilla of Vinogradov went up the river. Losses amounted to nine people (one killed and eight wounded).
Nothing is known about the losses of the allies, it can only be argued that they were hit by such an attack and slowed down the pace of their offensive. This was the first battle in which the Whites and the allies were rebuffed on the Northern Dvina.
Death of Vinogradov
Since September 8, the infantry of the Red Army was in the village of Shidrovo, which was located on the right bank of the Vaga River. The steamer of the White Guards arrived there, whichbegan shelling the village.
According to eyewitnesses, an enemy shell hit logs on the shore. Most of them were split into chips, shell fragments damaged the guns from which the Bolsheviks fired, one of the fragments killed Vinogradov. Now the area in which the village of Shidrovo is located is called Vinogradovsky.
The communist himself was buried in St. Petersburg in the park of the Forest Engineering Academy.
Memory
The wooden monument to Pavlin Vinogradov was erected in the village of Shidrovo. It has not survived to this day, it can only be found in post-war photographs.
In the very center of Arkhangelsk on Troitsky Prospekt, another monument to the hero of the Civil War was erected. By the way, the avenue itself previously bore his name.
Ships named after Vinogradov
During the Soviet era, Vinogradov's participation in river battles was especially appreciated, so all kinds of river and sea vessels were often named after him. It started almost immediately after the death of the hero of our article.
For example, the ship "Murman" was named after Pavlin Vinogradov. It was a gunboat. She fought as part of the Severodvinsk flotilla until 1919. The base and sea minesweepers that were part of the navy of the Soviet Union were also named.
In 1929, another ship was built, named after the hero of the Civil War. During World War IIwar, it was undermined on the way from Portland to the Aleutian Islands. April 23, 1944 he was blown up by a mine. Of the 42 crew members on board, only 29 managed to escape the sinking ship. Made it to shore and only 9 survived.
Already after the end of the Great Patriotic War, a large timber carrier "Pavlin Vinogradov" was built in Poland. He belonged to the Northern Shipping Company.
