Likbez is a term that appeared in Soviet Russia. What does it mean and how does it stand for?
Likbez is an event aimed at teaching adults to read and write. This concept had such a meaning in the twenties. Later, the term took on a slightly different connotation.
Backstory
At the end of the nineteenth century, Russia embarked on the path of industrial development. But the general level of literacy of the population left much to be desired. Among the inhabitants of Siberia, for example, few knew how to write and read. According to statistics, it was only one in ten, if you do not take into account children under nine years old. By 1914, the number of educated people in Russia had slightly increased, but war, famine and other negative phenomena led to the fact that their number decreased again.
By 1920, there were catastrophically few educated people in the country: some emigrated, others were shot. The new government took up the solution of this problem: a decree was adopted establishing an emergency commission for the elimination of illiteracy. From now on, everyone had to learn to write and read.citizen.
Likbez is the fight against illiteracy. First of all, this state program was aimed at a special segment of the population - the homeless, who, after the Civil War, found themselves on the streets of the country in myriad numbers. It was during these years that the teacher Makarenko began his activity, who considered it necessary not only to teach difficult teenagers the basics of literacy, but also to introduce them to work.
Liqpoints
Homeless children were sent to special boarding schools. But there were many people in the country who did not commit crimes, were quite trustworthy, but could not even write their own name. Schools were created for them.
These institutions were called likpunkts, and they trained citizens over fifteen years old. The program was quite concise. The training lasted no more than four months.
Down with illiteracy
An educational and methodological base was created with the aim of holding an important event called educational program. These were, as a rule, brochures with simple phrases for reading and poems by Soviet poets. Primers were published especially for representatives of the worker-peasant class.
In 1925, the eradication of illiteracy turned into a program that focused not only on teaching the basics of writing and reading. Now, educational program was also understood as instilling an ideologically correct point of view into the population.
By the beginning of the thirties the number of educational program schools had increased several times. More than twenty million citizens studied in these institutions. According to 1929year, the percentage of illiterate residents of the USSR aged fifteen to sixty years was no more than 10%.
