History 2025, February

There are different, sometimes directly opposite, opinions about what the consequences of the Crusades were. The positive and negative results of these campaigns have become the subject of analysis by historians, philosophers, writers and religious figures. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Igor's grandfather was Oleg Svyatoslavich, the founder of the Olgovich dynasty. During the baptism, the boy was named George, however, as is often the case, his Christian name was practically not used. And in history Igor Svyatoslavovich became known under his pagan - "Russian" name. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The question of where Lomonosov studied is likely to bewilder the current generation. Meanwhile, he is far from idle. Now, when young people are showing an increase in interest in the past of their country, it will not be shameful to recall its great sons. After all, history is made by people. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

He could have been shot, but for some reason they didn't. Apparently, the most daring and talented commanders were kept in reserve. They forced him to suffer, but did not kill Rokossovsky. Dashed dashing and General Gorbatov. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Each monarch of the past left a mark in the history of his state. The reign of the King of England Henry 3 Plantagenet was not marked either by loud victories over external enemies, or by revolutionary changes in the internal structure of the state. But at the same time, the biography of this monarch is eventful. The fate of Henry 3 is like a Phoenix bird rising from the ashes. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The seventeenth century in the history of Russia is rightfully called one of the most turbulent and fateful in the future fate of the country. It was with the uprisings of various social groups that the new century began anxiously. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Rodrigo Borgia became practically the most famous Pope. His promiscuous behavior and love of intrigue laid the groundwork for the birth of the Reformation movement. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The biography of this short, black-haired woman with intelligent eyes has been carefully studied by historians. And some of them, having analyzed the massive folders with documents and protocols of interrogations signed by the "committees" in the winter of 1949, still cannot understand how a simple girl from Zaporozhye could get a lucky ticket and become the wife of a man who held a responsible position in the government of the Land of Soviets. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Sofya Alekseevna Romanova ruled Russia as a regent in 1682-1689. She was deprived of power by her younger brother Peter, who sent her to a monastery. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Like the Mother of God in different guises, the Motherland expresses many feelings that covered the soul of everyone who thinks about the war. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article is devoted to a brief review of the battle of Alma in 1854. The work indicates the main events and results of the battle. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Kate Middleton, whose biography is a real modern fairy tale, was born in the most ordinary family. She studied at school and institute, was the most ordinary British. Until the cherished meeting, which, probably, all girls dream of. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Second Rzeczpospolita existed from 1918 to 1939. It arose after the First World War and was destroyed by the Second World War. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article tells about the work carried out in the Soviet Union to create their own atomic weapons, the program of which was planned back in the 20s and later called the "USSR Atomic Project". A brief overview of its history is given. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The history of each country always keeps the names of great military figures who, one way or another, influenced the course of military events. Each of them remains part of their homeland. Thus, George S. Patton (Jr.) is forever inscribed in US history. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The history of Russia in the 20th century is continuously connected with revolutionary events, world wars and various military actions of a smaller scale. That is why the fate of the famous Soviet military leaders is so attractive, including the hero of the Soviet Union, Marshal Poluboyarov Pavel Pavlovich. His biography is a reflection of the history of the state, his role in the history of the country of the Soviets is difficult to overestimate, it is impossible to repeat his life path. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The glory of the typewriter has already sunk, but just recently it was truly grandiose. At the end of the last century, the typewriter had to pass the baton further - to the personal computer. But what was the first typewriter? Photos, invention stories and design features more. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Visigoths are part of the Gothic tribal union, which broke up by the third century. They were known in Europe from the second to the eighth century. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

A golden wand entwined with snakes with wings and a tip in the form of a ball is a symbol that came from ancient times. He is an unchanging reality of mythology and religion of the most diverse peoples of the world, whether they are Romans, Indians or Egyptians. The mysterious wand is called the caduceus. What is it and why did the ancient gods need it? How was it used in the Middle Ages and how does a person apply it in modern reality?. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article tells about the history of the Rostov region from the period of appearance on its territory of the first settlements dating back to the Stone Age, to the present day. A brief outline of the formation and further path of the Don Cossacks is also given. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

At the highest US government post since 1789, 45 presidents have managed to visit. Reforms, laws and transformations, which were implemented by the first persons of the state, did not always please the masses. Intrigues, conspiracies and political intricacies gave rise to more and more attempts at radical interventions in the life of the country's leaders. So how many US presidents have been assassinated? Let's count. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Hussite movement advocated church reforms in the Czech Republic in the 15th century. Because of the conflict with the Catholics, a long war began in the country, which ended in the defeat of the supporters of change. The Hussites were the forerunners of the Protestants. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Gulag system appeared in the USSR in 1930. She united the camps in which those convicted of various crimes served their sentences. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The entire array of historical sciences has one main task: to show modern society how people of antiquity lived. But the historical sciences themselves create one system, all elements of which are interconnected. Diplomatics, as a special historical discipline, stands out from the whole number of sciences by the features of the subject of its study. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

England after World War II until 2006 continued to pay off its debts for participating in hostilities. In the war, the losses of this country amounted to approximately 450,000 people. An article will tell about the participation of England in the war. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The flourishing of the economy and the growth of trade and industrial relations in Russia inevitably led to the construction of a complex financial system of the country. The growth in the number of transactions and mutual settlements led to the formation of banks. State policy was aimed at supporting the nobility, landlords and merchants. The main institutions at the end of the 19th century were the Noble and Merchant banks. The organization of their activities was completely based on the treasury of the Russian Empire. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

A brief description of the life and work of a young Russian actress of the theater "School of Modern Play" Ekaterina Direktorenko. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Pontus Euxinus was a dangerous territory for the ancient Greeks for a long time, as wild nomadic tribes lived on its coast. Nevertheless, over time, this sea was mastered and became known as the Black Sea. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Tatyana went to war without hesitation for a long time, and served in the 46th Aviation Regiment. World history did not know the analogues of the situation when the entire regiment consisted of only women. They flew sorties on light-winged U-2s. The division commissar called them "heavenly Amazons". Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

As it turns out, the nationality of Peter I is not such an unambiguous question as it might seem at first glance. There are many sources and versions that the great emperor was not really Russian. In this article we will talk about the most popular assumptions, as well as interesting facts about his biography. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The uprising in Novocherkassk in 1962 was the result of a strike by workers of the local electric locomotive plant, which was joined by other townspeople. It was one of the most massive protests in the history of the USSR. Suppressed by the forces of the army and the KGB, all information about it is classified. In this article we will talk about the causes and results of the uprising, also known as the Novocherkassk execution. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

For what merits was Valentina Grizodubova awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union? How was her life, how did the Great Patriotic War respond to her? How did other women who deserved this title receive the Star of the Hero? Childhood, youth, record flight and life of one of the most famous women of the Soviet Union. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Consuelo Vanderbilt, Duchess of Marlborough, was a famous beauty from a millionaire family, one of the we althiest in the United States. She married the Duke of Marlborough. Consuelo Vanderbilt, whose story is told below, was the we althiest bride of the Victorian era. Her marriage was an international symbol of marriage, which was beneficial for both families, since there was great we alth on the one hand, and nobility on the other. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Soviet pilot, experienced test pilot, fighter pilot, who received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union twice, Chkalov's friend and ally, the indispensable and fearless Suprun Stepan Pavlovich… He lived a short, only 34 years old, but bright as a flash, life , did not leave children, but left behind a great memory. His biography can be read as a fascinating novel - he managed to do so much. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Leonid Vasiliev is a well-known domestic historian, sociologist, religious scholar, orientalist who specialized in China. Headed the Laboratory of Historical Research at the National Research University Higher School of Economics. In this article we will talk about his biography and main works. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

France of the period of the Second Republic is characterized by the reactionary policy of the National Assembly: any opposition manifestations were severely suppressed. Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte did not interfere with the actions of the members of the assembly. On the contrary, every mistake of legislators added pluses to him. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Ekaterina Ivanovna Nelidova is known as the favorite of the Russian Emperor Paul I. She was one of the first graduates of the Smolny Institute. She was related to Varvara Arkadyevna Nelidova (secret mistress of Emperor Nicholas I). This article will focus on her biography and personal life. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

What hides the most brutal period in the history of ancient China? The composure of the then inhabitants of the Celestial Empire is amazing. Many went to crime knowing what awaits them if caught. And many hours of torment and bullying awaited them, in which the executioners invested all their professionalism. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Marxism-Leninism is a doctrine dedicated to revolution. It is based on the ideas of Marx, Engels, finalized by Lenin. In fact, this is a holistic systemic science, including philosophizing, social aspects, opinions about economics, politics. This direction reflects the worldview of ordinary hard workers. ML is a science that allows you to know the world, correct it through revolution. This doctrine is devoted to the laws of social progress, changing the nature of society, as well as the development of human thinking. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article tells about the abolition by Tsar Ivan the Terrible of the practice of feeding, which consisted in the forced collection of funds from the people for the maintenance of the bureaucracy. It was an extremely important and timely decree, which became part of the Zemstvo reform carried out by him in 1556. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01