King Ludwig II of Bavaria was one of the most controversial German monarchs. He had little interest in state affairs, but devoted all his time to patronizing the arts and building castles. The monarch was declared mentally ill and died under mysterious circumstances. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
History
Calouste Gulbenkian was a British businessman of Armenian descent. His art collection is one of the greatest private collections in the world. This article will tell about the biography and family of Calouste Gulbenkian. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The article tells about three wars that took place in the XVII-XVIII centuries. About what causes them and what consequences they led to. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The article gives an overview of some ancient civilizations. The main point of view of scientists is described, as well as several alternative theories that also have the right to exist. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
Nazi Germany sought to create a superman, for this purpose experiments were carried out on people in concentration camps. Tens of thousands of people were brutally tortured for this purpose. Experiments on humans were also carried out to study the effects of exposure to various bacteria. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The article tells about the appearance of the ancient Russian state on the world map. Two main theories of the origin of Russia are mentioned. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The origin of man is shrouded in mystery with seven seals. People of science cannot understand the history of their states, and the origin of civilization is completely full of huge white spots. Be that as it may, scientists are bit by bit able to restore the events of bygone years. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The use of the bull bubble has been very diverse. It was used in military affairs, in medical practice and in the manufacture of children's toys. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
Recruitment has existed in Russia since the time of Peter the Great. Alexander II decided to abandon it, replacing it with universal military service. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The extraordinary American actor Dan Fogler, who is famous for his big expressive eyes and slightly wild look, has gone from a singer performing in musicals on Broadway to a real Hollywood star. It is hard to imagine that parody talent will help him become the winner of the Tony Award (theatrical analogue of the famous Oscar), which he received for the best role in the famous musical. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The creation of new types of troops is always preceded by the invention of a new type of weaponry. So it was with the grenadier troops. Since the middle of the 16th century, in some European countries, hand-held wick grenades began to be used in battles. Last modified: 2025-06-01 07:06
Pyotr Nikolaevich Durnovo was a fairly well-known historical figure of his time, but he gained particular popularity after his death, when the sovereign-emperor and all his associates were convinced of the truth of the figure's prediction. This article will consider his biography, the main activities and the main mystery of life. "Note" Durnovo. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
Capitalism, socialism, communism are forms of the economic structure of society. They can be called stages in the development of social relations. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
Modern Western countries were formed on the territory of the former Roman Empire. After the collapse of the powerful state in 476, barbarian kingdoms were formed in its place, created by the Germanic tribes. The largest was the political and economic association of the Franks - modern France. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
Today, basketball is a powerful industry in which billions of dollars are invested. It's also a fun game that brings joy to millions of people playing in the streets and halls all over the planet. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
Vologda region is famous not only for famous laces. This is a very beautiful place, with its own history and features of development. Vologda Governorate existed as part of the Russian Empire until 1929. Now it is an actively developing area in the Russian Federation. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
Rus under the Mongol-Tatar yoke existed in an extremely humiliating way. She was completely subjugated both politically and economically. The year 1480 is perceived as the most important event in our history. Russia became politically independent. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The German House of Oldenburg is one of the most powerful and oldest in Europe, whose representatives were on the thrones of Denmark, the B altic States, Norway, Greece and were related to the Romanovs, the kings of Sweden, as well as the children and grandchildren of Queen Elizabeth II in Britain. Now, in 2016, it is headed by Duke Christian. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
Count Panin Nikita Ivanovich - a high dignitary under the Empresses Elizabeth Petrovna and Ekaterina Alekseevna, a smart and subtle diplomat, tutor of the Tsarevich, creator of the first Russian constitution, which was supposed to limit the autocracy. Last modified: 2025-06-01 07:06
The brief biography of Napoleon Bonaparte for children and adults presented in this article will surely interest you. The name of this great commander has long become a household name not only because of his talent and intelligence, but also thanks to the incredible ambitions, as well as the dizzying career that he managed to make. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The murderer of Rasputin is still being debated to this day, although more than a century has passed since the day of the massacre of him. Historians do not have enough documents to build a version that would suit everyone. The lack of information has led to the fact that this drama is shrouded in a veil of mystery. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
Everyone knows and remembers Vladimir Ilyich Lenin as a revolutionary, Marxist theorist, leader of the October Revolution and creator of a socialist society. Today we will look at the political leader from the other side and find out what Lenin was like in childhood. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
In the early 20th century, prosperous powers competed to build the largest and most advanced ships possible. The Titanic cruise liner has become a legend in civil shipbuilding, and the battleship Bismarck deserves special honor among military ships. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The Antikythera Mechanism is an ancient artifact found in 1901 at the bottom of the Aegean Sea. To this day, it is considered one of the main mysteries of ancient civilization. This discovery debunked all the myths about the primitive technology of antiquity and forced scientists to reconsider their opinions regarding the then technologies. Today it is even called "the first analog computer". Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
One of the most interesting pages of Russian history of the 19th century is the Decembrist uprising. The overwhelming majority of its participants, who set themselves the goal of destroying the autocracy and serfdom, came from the most famous aristocratic families, received an excellent education and distinguished themselves in the military, diplomatic or literary field. Among them was Sergei Volkonsky. The Decembrist lived for 76 years, of which 30 years he was in hard labor and in exile. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
Connoisseurs of Scandinavian mythology are well aware of the ice giants and everything connected with them. Well, for people who have just decided to delve into this wonderful world, it will be interesting to learn more about them, expanding their horizons. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
Leonid Govorov was one of the most prominent military leaders of the Great Patriotic War. He led the battles with the Germans in different regions of the country, and in 1944 he liberated Karelia from the occupation of the Finns. For his many merits, Govorov received the title of Marshal of the Soviet Union. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The article provides a biography and the main victories of the outstanding Soviet commander - Marshal Meretskov Kirill Afanasyevich. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The battle around the Shevardinsky Redoubt took place on the eve of the Battle of Borodino and is considered its prologue. The battle for control of an important fortification began because Napoleon needed a more advantageous position for the subsequent offensive, and Kutuzov wanted to delay the time needed to reorganize his army. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
Genrikh Yagoda - head of the NKVD in 1934-1936. He was the most important perpetrator of the Stalinist terror and he himself fell under repression. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The First Cavalry Army of Budyonny (1919-1921) fought in several regions of the former Russian Empire: in the Donbass, Ukraine, Don, Kuban, the Caucasus, Poland and the Crimea. In the Soviet Union, she was considered legendary. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The Supreme Council was created in the USSR, and ceased to exist in 1993 as a result of confrontation with the executive branch. The conflict culminated in what today is called "Black October". How did the powers of the parliament change, and why was it replaced by the State Duma?. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The Sumerian city-states were created by the oldest civilization in the world. However, science still does not know who is hiding under the collective name "Sumers". Some hypotheses on this subject, the development of the Sumerian statehood and its death are described in this article. Last modified: 2025-06-01 07:06
The circumstances of the life of Diane de Poitiers - the plot for a love story. Her long relationship with King Henry II was admired by some, despised by others, and brought a lot of inconvenience to others. The life path of the uncrowned queen of France is described in this article. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The reign of Cosimo de' Medici in Florence is reminiscent of the establishment of the regime of Octavian Augustus in Rome. In the same way as the Roman emperor, Cosimo refused magnificent titles, tried to stay modest, but at the same time firmly held the reins of government. How Cosimo de Medici came to power is described in this article. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
Mikhail Nikolaevich Pokrovsky - the founder of the school of materialistic interpretation of history from the point of view of Marx's theory of socio-economic formations. His theory has become a new word in Russian historiography. About the biography of the Soviet historian, the positive side of his concept and its criticism is described in this article. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The name of the first Russian tsar has long been overgrown with legends of varying degrees of success and reliability. Even his origin from the family of Moscow princes is questioned. This article concisely examines the genealogy of Ivan the Terrible, and also attempts to show the close connection between the behavior and political practice of the tsar and the activities of his predecessors on the Moscow throne. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The policy of war communism under Lenin and the Great Terror under Stalin were marked by massacres of dissidents. An investigation with a gross violation of procedural norms, torture, inhuman conditions of imprisonment, mass executions - all this became one of the sides of Soviet reality for many years. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The idea of communism as one of the theories of social development is closely connected with the Soviet experience. This article discusses the main ideas and principles of communism, as well as an attempt to implement them in the USSR during the establishment of the dictatorship of the proletariat. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01
The Qin and Han dynasties ruled China in the 3rd century BC. BC e. - III century. n. e. At this time, the country was united under the rule of emperors who fought with northern nomads and the ambitions of their own aristocracy. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01