The crust of our planet consists of the so-called platforms (relatively homogeneous, stable blocks) and folded zones, which differ from each other in age. If you look at the tectonic map of the world, you can see that the folding areas occupy no more than 20% of the Earth's surface. What is Hercynian folding? What is its time frame? And what mountain systems were formed in this era of tectogenesis? Our article will tell about it
Science 2024, November
Ask anyone you know: "Which animals first flew around the moon?" A person who can give the correct answer to this question will have to be carefully looked for
The article is devoted to soil horizons. The main layers of soils that arise in the process of soil formation are considered
The grandson of a peasant, who became a professor at the Sorbonne, the author of 50 fundamental works on sociology and philosophy that influenced the minds of the most prominent intellectuals of the whole world, the most witty and original writer, a photographer whose work is admired by professionals - how much can a human life contain?
The International Space Station is one of the most amazing man-made objects in the history of mankind, which is discussed in detail in this article
The holographic image is increasingly used today. Some even believe that it may eventually replace the means of communication known to us. Like it or not, but now it is actively used in a variety of industries. For example, we are all familiar with holographic stickers
Figuratively, economics as a science is characterized by ancient Greek origin, since many disciplines originated during this period. The term itself is obtained by combining two words. Translated into Russian, the first of them means "economy", and the second - "law". Thus, this concept implies the art of housekeeping
Each nation has its own characteristics, by which you can easily determine its belonging to a particular group. For example, the Irish are distinguished by red hair, and the British by a dryish physique and small features. But the Japanese stand out from other Asians with their small stature and weight. Have you ever wondered why the average height of the Japanese does not exceed 165 centimeters? What is the secret of their diminutiveness?
Under normal conditions, when it enters the body, alcohol quickly decomposes into metabolites (non-toxic metabolic products). When drinking alcohol while taking a number of drugs, there are quite serious consequences. These include disulfiram-like reactions
Today, perhaps, you will not meet a person who does not know what pheromones are. Perfume with pheromones, the "aroma of seduction" and the smell of love are terms widely used by marketers and advertisers. The olfactory system, which is responsible for the recognition of volatile chemosignals associated with sexual and maternal instincts, controls neuroendocrine and behavioral reactions, is called vomeronasal
In heraldry, there are nine generally accepted forms of emblems. In addition, armorial shields are decorated with many figures and decorative elements
Phenotiazine derivatives: general description, physical and chemical properties. Classification of drugs. Brief description of the main groups and typical representatives. Diseases for which these drugs are used. Contraindications and side effects. Pharmacokinetics
The article describes what paradoxes are, gives examples of them and discusses their most common varieties
Quantum teleportation is one of the most important protocols in quantum information. Based on the physical resource of entanglement, it serves as the main element of various information tasks and is an important component of quantum technologies, playing a key role in the further development of quantum computing, networks and communication
The Nobel Prize is known all over the world. But what exactly is its size and how it appeared, not everyone knows, although all this really deserves attention and interest
Nobel Alfred - an outstanding Swedish scientist, inventor of dynamite, academician, experimental chemist, Ph.D., academician, founder of the Nobel Prize, which made him world famous
Petrified wood is a material formed from trees that grew in past geological epochs. The article discusses the features of education, properties and applications of this unique stone
What is a ricochet? Where did this word come from? Interpretation of the meaning and examples of this phenomenon from everyday life await the reader in this article
The Horsehead Nebula is one of the most famous objects in the sky. In pictures taken even with the use of amateur telescopes, it looks very impressive. What is this object and does it always look like in the usual photographs in the optical range?
The temporal muscle performs the most important functions: chewing and mimic. It often affects the occurrence of pain of various origins: headache, toothache. Measures are possible in which muscle clamps and pain points can be eliminated
Roman numeration is an example of a non-positional number system, we know it now. Also, the Roman system is actively used, but not for mathematical calculations, but for narrowly focused actions. For example, with the help of Roman numbers, it is customary to designate historical dates, centuries, numbers of volumes, sections and chapters in book publications
The surrounding world is an interconnected organism in which all processes and phenomena of animate and inanimate nature occur for a reason. Scientists have proven that even minor human interventions bring tremendous changes. What is evaporation? This is a phenomenon in which, in a certain phase, the transformation of a substance from a liquid into a vapor or gas occurs. The reverse effect of this process is called condensation
Botany, like the names of many other sciences, has Greek roots. "Botany" - a derivative of the word "botane", it meant everything related to plants. Therefore, wondering why the science of plants is called botany, the answer must be sought in the Greek origins of the systematization of knowledge about the plant world in the form of science
The food chain has a certain structure. It includes producers, consumers (of the first, second order, etc.) and decomposers. More about consumers will be discussed in the article. In order to thoroughly understand who the consumers of the 1st order, 2nd and beyond are, we first briefly consider the structure of the food chain
Aminocarboxylic acids (amino acids) are beads in the protein chain of any living organism. But few people know that almost all of them were discovered in the second half of the last century. The biogenic sulfur-containing amino acids of interest to us in this article are cysteine and methionine. Let's try to enrich the reader's knowledge of these two organic compounds from the point of view of biochemistry and biology of our he alth
Histology of the respiratory system is one of the important sections of biology that allows you to understand the structural features of a living organism
A significant part of the content of the cell nucleus is represented by thread-like DNA molecules of varying degrees of compaction in combination with proteins. These are euchromatin (decondensed DNA) and heterochromatin (densely packed pieces of DNA). Euchromatin plays an important role in the life of the cell. It reads the "instruction" for the assembly of ribonucleic acid (RNA), which becomes the basis for the synthesis of polypeptide molecules
The principle of incomplete dominance was discovered much later than the patterns of inheritance by G. Mendel. This type of interaction of alleles implies the appearance of individuals with an intermediate trait that is different from the parental pure lines
From the moment the cells were discovered to the state of the art in cell theory was formulated, more than 400 years have passed. For the first time the cell was investigated in 1665 by the naturalist from England Robert Hooke. Noticing cellular structures on a thin section of cork, he gave them the name of cells
Genetic (cytogenetic) species criterion, along with others, is used to distinguish elementary systematic groups, to analyze the state of a species. In this article, we will consider the characteristics of the criterion, as well as the difficulties that a researcher may encounter when applying it
Each living cell has a set of structures that enable it to demonstrate all the properties of a living organism. In order to function properly, the cell must receive enough nutrients, break them down and release energy, which is then used to support life processes
The Denver and Paris systems of classification of hereditary material, widely used in the scientific community, are designed to unify and generalize ideas about the karyotype. A common approach is needed for the correct presentation and interpretation of the results of research in the field of genetics, karyosystematics, breeding
Metals are used in many areas of our lives. They are used in industry, design, everyday life, jewelry, construction, and medicine. At the same time, malleability is one of the most important characteristics that determines the ability of metals to withstand processing. What does it depend on? How is it manifested? Let's find out
What are the functions of the kidneys and what are they? The question is very interesting. We all know approximately what kind of body it is, but it is unlikely that the majority will be able to give an exact definition. Well, it’s worth fixing this and telling all the most basic and important about this organ
When describing the development of living organisms, the terms "protostomes" and "deuterostomes" can often be found. These are all existing multicellular organisms, except for the coelenterates, which differ at the embryonic level
Today, when children begin to receive environmental education in primary school, and environmental issues are not the last in the media, ecology is still a young, complex and mysterious science. Its scientific base is not so great, and complex models are intricate. Nevertheless, knowledge and understanding of the basic laws in this area is the basis of the worldview of a modern person
A particle accelerator is a device that creates a beam of electrically charged atomic or subatomic particles moving at near-light speeds. The basis of his work is an increase in their energy by an electric field and a change in the trajectory by a magnetic
Cold fusion can also be called cold fusion. Its essence lies in the possibility of realizing a nuclear fusion reaction occurring in any chemical systems
For many, chemistry lessons are a real torment. But if you understand it at least a little, then you can conduct entertaining experiments and enjoy it. Yes, and teachers will not hurt to interest their students. For this, the so-called pharaoh snakes are perfect
Neoclassical synthesis involves the study of the current aspect of the production process from various angles