Author's speech is the embodiment of the image of the author, who is responsible for what was said. Most often found in artistic speech to emphasize the character's speech. When using, it is important to know the rules for punctuation marks.
What is author's speech: term
The text may contain different forms of the presence of the author. Most of all, it is manifested in the epigraph, title, at the end of the work. They are noted in the preface, in the author's remarks, remarks.
The narration is conducted from any person, regardless of whether it is lyrical or epic. This will be an objective author's speech, where the writer makes a message on his own behalf. Egocentric words are used: pronouns “I, you, this”, adverbs “here, there, now”, indicators of subjective modality in the form of statements, introductory words that indicate the speaker. The author's speech is pictorial and expressive.
Features and Specifications
In fiction, in journalismthe author's speech is manifested in the characterization of the characters, in the landscape and setting. The reader vividly imagines the intention of the writer or journalist, who, with the help of his statements, explains his point of view. Most often it is drawn up in a third person. When using the image of the author-narrator, the lyrical hero, the narration takes place in the first person.
Sometimes the author moves away from the events of the story, while expressing personal thoughts and feelings. Fragments are called copyright digressions. If the author expresses his own feelings, this is called a lyrical digression. The features of the author's speech are the use of words with the help of the direct speech of the characters, which includes the verbs of thought and feeling "say", "object", "confirmed", "outraged", "surprised".
Grammatical completeness
All sentences, including the author's speech, are divided into three main types. The first group contains sentences consisting only of a grammatical basis. The second includes elliptical structures in which one of the main members is missing. The third group includes common sentences, with a complete grammatical basis and secondary members. The first kind is not often used in the author's speech, however, sentences are used to achieve an emotionally intense narrative.
Methods of transmitting author's speech
Rules on punctuation marks in copyrightspeech is important to observe when making sentences in writing. The author's words may be in different positions in relation to direct speech.
Before the hero's speech. Then after it you need to put a colon and a punctuation mark indicating the nature of the statement.
Mom thought and said: “What are you, afraid of being misunderstood?”
Stands after the speaker's words. In this case, first put a question mark, exclamation, comma, ellipsis, and only after that a dash.
"Is this a finished product?" Anna asked the director.
"Oh, how boring with you!" - exclaimed Maria Skachko hotly.
"It's not difficult, I can do it in no time," thought the cabin boy.
Divide direct speech into two parts. Then, before the words of the author, it is necessary to put a punctuation mark, depending on the nature of the first part of direct speech, followed by a dash. If the sentence is complete, put a period, if not - a comma.
"My name is Milana," the girl said softly, "but everyone calls me Honey."
If the author's words include two verbs with the meaning of the statement, each of which is in the first and second parts, you must put a colon and a dash.
"Don't be silent, say something," she begged, and added, "Please!"
The story contains the words of the author and others. Their introduction into the sentence occurs in several ways: with the help of direct speech, indirect speech, dialogue, improperly direct speech.
Schematic design
Symbols help to understand where the author's words end and the straight line beginsspeech. A capital "A" indicates that the author's words must be capitalized. If the letter "a" is small, then with lowercase.
There are several options for designing proposals using a scheme. They need to be remembered.
"P", - a. "P!" - a. "P?" – a.
"I will help the kids too," Petya agreed.
"Well done!" I exclaimed.
"And what do you propose to do?" I asked, not hoping for his answer.
A: "P". A: "P!" A: "P?"
I thought for a long time, and then blurted out: “I am fixing the situation myself.”
Unexpectedly for me, he exclaimed: “How glad I am to see you!”
Maybe it was inappropriate, but I asked: "Who needs help?"
"P, - a, - p". "P-a.-P".
"Our conversation was short," said Maria Petrovna, "but I think it will improve the situation."
"We're going to the lake before the weather gets bad," Lucy continued to mutter. “So hurry up or we’ll be caught in the rain.”
A: "P" - a. A: "P!" - a. A: "P?" – a.
Dad replied: "I'll help you make a new house" - and again continued sawing boards.
She screamed, "It can't be!" - and quickly rushed off to the kitchen.
Grandma thought for a long time before she asked: “How many pies do you need to bake?” - and continued to knead the dough.
With the help of the author's speech, we get acquainted with the theme of the work or text. Its use in fiction allowsunderstand the character, the attitude of the author to him. This reveals the nature and features of the work. This is what attracts the reader.
