The forms of classes in additional education play an important role. The final result depends on the chosen technique. Every year new teaching techniques appear. This is no coincidence, because society changes over time. That is why every teacher should regularly improve his teaching method and learn new techniques. Only then will learning be beneficial to the students. You can find some of its features in our article.
Additional education and its forms. General information
Forms of additional education are specially organized activities of teachers and students. It is aimed at the study, education and development of personal qualities. The process of studying at a school or university differs significantly from additional education. It has lessformatted character and has no borders.
As a rule, the child himself chooses an interesting activity for himself. The forms of classes chosen by the teacher in the additional education of children play an important role, because it is on them that the child's interest in a particular hobby depends. The teacher acts as not only the main source of knowledge, but also an assistant in the development of the student's personality.
The well-known teacher and innovator V. F. Shatalov argued that the teacher should create such an atmosphere in the classroom or class, in which it is impossible not to assimilate the material received. He also created forms of training sessions in additional education, which are practiced by many teachers. Acting as a consultant, the teacher has a strong personal influence on the students. That is why it is required that the teacher be an independent and multifaceted personality.
Forms of classes in additional education must meet the following requirements:
- Be of a developing nature, or rather, be aimed at developing students' natural inclinations and interests.
- Be diverse in content and nature.
- Based on various complementary techniques. However, before their practice, they must undergo a psychological and pedagogical examination. This is necessary in order to find out whether the new methodology will harm the physical and psychological he alth of students.
- Based on developmental techniques.
Teacheradditional education should know not only their subject area, but also have psychological and pedagogical knowledge. In order for the lesson to be educational, the teacher must carefully prepare for it and plan everything in advance. The teacher has the right to independently choose the forms, methods of organizing additional education classes. The lesson plan includes the following steps:
- learning new material;
- consolidation of acquired knowledge;
- practical part;
- control of knowledge and skills.
Structure of the extra lesson. Mistakes made at the beginning of the lesson
All forms of organizing a training session in additional education have a common structure. The lesson is a model of the activity of the teacher and children. An occupation of any type contains a sequence of the following steps:
- organization of the beginning of the lesson, setting tasks, as well as the message of the plan and topic of the lesson;
- testing knowledge gained in the previous lesson;
- introducing the new topic.
Inexperienced teachers often make mistakes at the first stage of the lesson. One of them is a mismatch of settings. In this case, the teacher carefully prepares for his lesson, studies the forms of conducting classes in additional education, but when he comes to the classroom, he finds that the students are uninterested in him and talk to each other. The teacher becomes nervous and becomes irritated. Students lose interest in class.
Another common mistake of inexperienced teachers is the lack of contact. ATIn this case, the teacher acts autonomously, namely, he makes notes in documents, sorts through notebooks and monotonously explains the material, instead of finding a language with students and using effective forms of conducting classes in additional education.
Another common mistake is a negative attitude. In this case, the teacher communicates with the children in a raised tone or, conversely, fawns over them.
The teacher must carefully prepare for the upcoming lessons. The topic and complexity of the material is selected depending on the age of the students, as well as their knowledge and skills. Teaching methods should be effective and varied.
Traditional forms of organizing the educational process
For many years, teachers have been using traditional forms of classes in additional education. The classification of these methods is presented in our article.
The first traditional form is the lecture. The oral presentation of a particular topic develops the creative thinking activity of students. Often the lesson is also conducted in the form of a seminar. This form of training is group. At the lesson, students discuss pre-prepared reports or abstracts. Such traditional forms of organizing classes in additional education develop analytical thinking, demonstrate the result of independent work and improve public speaking skills.
Often, to study this or that material, teachers go on excursions with students. Such a methodlearning information is a group trip or hike. Its purpose is to visit a particular attraction. Thanks to this method and visual representation, sensory perception is enriched.
Unconventional methods
Not every novice teacher knows what forms of classes in additional education are. However, this information is incredibly important. The final result depends on the chosen form of teaching. It should be noted that the teaching methodology is directly related to the relationship between the student and the teacher. As a rule, teachers who present the material in an interesting way and conduct the lesson in a non-standard manner inspire respect among students. They enjoy attending their classes and learn new information easily.
Non-traditional forms of classes in the additional education of children are most often used by young teachers. The method of sociodrama is often used. It is characterized by a role-playing game, a predetermined position of the main characters. The situation of choice, on which the course of events and socio-psychological relations depend, allows the student to realize his place in the structure of social relations.
Tea drinking is a method that is also included in non-traditional forms of conducting classes in additional education. It is incredibly important if it is necessary to establish relationships in the team and rally it. Tea drinking creates a special psychological atmosphere. Thanks to this method, you can liberate unsociable children.
The method called "Die Hard" allows you to adjusttrust in the team. Its goal is to solve difficult life issues collectively.
The project protection method, as well as the above, is quite important, with its help the child develops the ability to project changes in reality to improve life.
Most often, non-traditional forms of classes in additional education are based on games, competitions, trainings and role-playing games. It is believed that such teaching methods are more effective. Thanks to them, children easily learn the material and attend classes with pleasure.
Varieties of forms of employment in additional education
There are different directions and forms of classes in additional education. You can find a list of the main forms of additional education in our article. You can also read general information about them.
- The circle is one of the directions of additional education forms. It can be both creative and substantive. In the circle, children are united by interests and knowledge. Thanks to this, their creativity can be developed. Classes in the circle the teacher conducts according to a specially developed plan. If necessary, he can make adjustments to it. The teacher finds an individual approach to each child. The main purpose of such classes is learning, improving skills and abilities in a certain area and thematic diversity.
- An ensemble is a creative team,which performs general musical and choreographic performances. The purpose of such classes is the development of personality through aesthetic education.
- A studio is a group of people who are united by common interests, tasks and activities. The main goal is to develop creative abilities and talents, as well as in-depth study of a certain field of activity.
- School is another direction of the form of classes in additional education. This is a curriculum that combines several interrelated disciplines or is aimed at studying one specific subject. The features of the school include: an integrated approach, the presence of a certain concept, the phased nature of training, strict control of knowledge and a certificate of completed training.
- The theater is a creative group whose main goal is to recreate the artistic action on the stage and realize the creative potential. The features of such classes include: a variety of lessons, the study of theatrical art, a non-standard lesson plan and frequent artistic practice.
- One of the most common forms of additional education classes is optional. It can be described as an auxiliary process of basic learning. The elective is aimed at meeting the interests of the child, research activities, identifying the creative abilities of students, in-depth study of a particular language, as well as the development of creative thinking andpreparation of some students for olympiads and competitions. There are both general (school-based) electives and private ones.
- School electives do not repeat the material covered in a general education institution. On them, students receive additional and deeper material. There are also forms of control in the classes in additional education. The teacher can check both additional and basic material. However, the control process is educational, not evaluative. In order to interest students in the elective, the teacher must prepare interesting and varied topics, as well as use a non-standard method of education.
- Studying with a tutor is a special form of education that differs from general education methods in that the student will be provided with a private teacher and an individual system of studying the subject that is right for him. However, such classes are held only on a paid basis. The features include a private form of conducting, regular repetition of the material covered and the study of new ones, the possibility of choosing remote, group or individual study. As a rule, tutoring is chosen when it is necessary to fill gaps in knowledge.
- The Center for Creativity and Development is an educational institution whose activities are aimed at additional education of children. The main goal of this form of education is the development of physical and creative potential. Such classes can be attended by children whose age has reached one and a half years. In the centers of creativity and developmentcombines a wide variety of areas and activities. High school students can take professional training there. The features include the established mode of conducting lessons, practical classes and holding holidays with parents.
- Club - a creative association based on common interests for communication and leisure activities. The features include the presence of children's self-government, as well as symbols and attributes. The club also has its own charter and traditions.
Our article lists various forms of classes in additional education. Classifying them will allow you to choose the most appropriate teaching method.
Master class is one of the most effective forms of additional education
Thanks to additional education, it is possible to develop a versatile personality in a person of absolutely any age. A master class is one of the most effective forms of learning. It is characterized by an interactive lesson during which all new material is mastered in practice. Leaders share experiences with students. Usually they are carried out for the purpose of advanced training, retraining of specialists or as independent training courses. The master class can be devoted to a wide variety of topics. During its implementation, students are not passive listeners. They actively participate in discussions, offer their topics for analysis and problem solving.
Today there are three types of master classes:
- production;
- educational;
- training-professional.
The main objectives of the master classes include communication, the purpose of which is to improve skills, self-realization, exchange of experience and stimulate the growth of creative potential.
The structure of the master class includes the following steps:
- introductory part;
- demonstration of experience;
- analysis of the most important points;
- conclusion.
The forms of control in the classes in additional education, namely in master classes, differ in that the student will need to provide completed practical work. Thanks to her, the teacher will find out how the student has mastered the material received.
The advantages of master classes include the following factors:
- transfer of experience from specialist to student;
- interactive holding form;
- opportunity to get acquainted with the author's methodology.
The negative qualities of master classes include the following factors:
- master class is not the leading form of education;
- the participant must have a preparatory base on the topic.
Webinar is an effective method of additional education
Recently, webinars have become very popular. This is due to the fact that computer technology has already penetrated into the field of additional education. A webinar is a type of online training. It is conducted by a lecturer who specializes in a particular topic, in real time. Webinars are popular for a reason, because students do not need to go to classes. They only need to go to a certain site at a specified time and day. Most often, in order to become a participant in a webinar, you need to install a special application on your computer. However, attendance at the most popular classes must be paid. The benefits of a webinar include the following factors:
- interactive learning;
- significant time and money savings;
- learning effectiveness;
- dynamic presentation of teaching materials.
Webinars also have disadvantages. These include the following factors:
- compulsory availability of a computer and the Internet;
- training will be useful only to those who are focused on the result.
Webinar remotely brings together people who work in completely different fields. It occupies a special place among other forms of education.
Remote tutoring
The development of Internet technologies has had an impact on all spheres of life. Now one of the forms of additional education, namely tutoring, can take place remotely. For this, videoconferencing is used. Usually remote tutors are young professionals. Teachers with many years of experience most often do not trust new technologies. In order to use the services of a teacher on the network, you must be able to use a computer and the Internet. It is known that to keep the attention of the listener ondistance is more difficult than in a real meeting. That is why a distance tutor must know his subject perfectly, as well as conduct his lessons at a high emotional level.
Students of absolutely any age can attend online classes. Thanks to this, you can improve your existing knowledge, as well as learn something new.
The final part of the additional education lesson
An important role in conducting an additional education lesson is played not only by its introductory part, but also by the conclusion. It depends on the desire of the student to repeat the material at home.
There are the following forms of summing up the results of a lesson in additional education:
- poll;
- test;
- offset;
- open session;
- concert;
- exhibition;
- Olympiad;
- essays and others.
Summing up
Today, almost everyone receives additional education. There are many forms of it. All of them differ significantly from each other. With the development of Internet technologies, additional education has moved to a new level. Now you can get new knowledge from the teacher without leaving home. Many people like this change, but there are those who did not like it. Thanks to additional education, you can significantly expand your horizons. Often, such training is also chosen by specialists who wish to improve their skills.
