Games are an important part of the upbringing of children of all ages. That is why parents, teachers and educators should take their selection seriously. The study of the world of childhood is one of the most actively developing areas of modern humanitarian knowledge. How do outdoor folk games affect preschoolers? Is it necessary to include them in children's leisure time? You can find out this and much more in our article.
Developing a child's personality through games
Folk games are games that served to entertain the children of a particular people in the old days. The Russian people have created many interesting and educational fun. Their rules were passed down from generation to generation. However, over time, these games are forgotten. It is important to preserve traditions and national culture. That is why it is necessary to accustom modern preschoolers to folk games.
Each institution of preschool education should have a card file of folk outdoor games. This is no coincidence, because it is known that they allow you to form a personality. In folk games there are many comic phrases. Movements are often accompanied by unpredictable moments, nursery rhymes, rhymes, songs, andalso dancing. They are able to preserve the unique game folklore. They contain centuries-old folk wisdom, which includes universal values.
Children's folk outdoor games contribute to self-realization and self-expression of the individual. This kind of folklore is one of the best sources of moral cognitive and speech development of children. It includes the foundations of education, which have been developed over the years by folk pedagogy. They stand the test of time.
Children's folk culture developed together with adults. It is the children who preserve in their games those traditions that have long gone out of use.
Entertaining play situations educate children. They contain dialogues and songs that characterize the hero and his actions. They must be skillfully emphasized. That is why active mental activity is required from children.
Getting used to this or that image, the child forms his personal qualities. Folk outdoor games in the physical education of preschoolers allow you to develop dexterity and attentiveness. They help insecure children to open up. Thanks to this, they are not afraid to communicate with their peers, and over time they easily find a common language with unfamiliar people. Such games also help to unite the team.
The use of folk games to foster tolerance. Tasks of folk games
The use of folk games allows children to be taught tolerance. They are a kind of source of education. Folkoutdoor games in the preschool educational institution include the lifestyle of our ancestors, their way of life and customs.
The games of the peoples of the world, together with other educational methods, are the basis for the very first stage in the formation of tolerance. They allow the child to become a multifaceted personality, combining spiritual as well as moral principles. Tolerance is the willingness to accept a person as he is and to interact with him.
In order for the education of tolerance to be effective, it is important to use folk games:
- in education;
- during rest;
- in theatrical activities.
When selecting games, it is important to consider:
- age of children and their characteristics;
- fitness level;
- number of preschoolers; conditions for games.
For children, play is one of the main forms of his activity. That is why it will be easiest to cultivate tolerance in this way. Outdoor folk games for preschoolers also allow you to broaden your horizons and provoke active mental activity.
Folk games allow you to solve the following tasks:
- shaping a sense of rhythm;
- improving dance ability;
- development of the ability to get used to the game image;
- formation of personality;
- development of taste;
- improvement of all mental processes;
- understanding the beauty of literary speech;
- formation of a respectful feeling for the Motherland;
- development of the emotional sphere;
- improvement of physical qualities and he alth;
- introduction to folk values and customs.
Folk games and the development of spiritual morality
Absolutely all children have a need for an exciting pastime. Unfortunately, in recent years, children increasingly prefer computer entertainment programs. That is why parents should pay due attention to them and teach folk games. It is a kind of means of knowing the basis of correct human relations. Russian folk outdoor games for children show that they should be built on a humane attitude towards the weaker.
Tradition is what is passed down from the old generation to the young. These include customs, rituals, songs, fairy tales, holidays, etc.
Russian folk traditions are one of the components of the cultural heritage of a particular people. They give children knowledge and life experience. As one of the main means of education, all components of folklore are used, namely songs, fairy tales and tongue twisters, etc.
Folk outdoor games reflect the way of life of the people, as well as their traditions and personal qualities. They preserved the flavor of customs, the unusual self-expression of the people, the originality of the language, as well as the forms and features of colloquial speech.
The value of traditions and customs is quite high. Unfortunately, their loss cannot be fully compensated. They are a talisman of folk culture. They are important to appreciate and remember. It is believed that if folk traditionslost, the very existence of the people is in doubt.
The process of the game and its features
The process of the game itself begins with the beginning. Thanks to him, children invite other children. The beginning is also often used to determine the driver. If there is no one who wants to become a leader, the children use a counting rhyme. Zachin will help distribute roles. It serves to build independence in children.
If folk outdoor games are used by children of 3-4 years old, then the beginnings are pronounced by adults. They should distribute roles among the children. In this case, the child will spontaneously remember the course of the game and eventually the help of adults will not be needed. It is worth noting that children love it when older people take part in the game.
Memorizing all the counting rhymes, songs and poems that are used in a particular game happens by itself. As a rule, the child memorizes them for the rest of his life and further transfers knowledge to his children.
Folk outdoor games for children often include counting rhymes. They are characterized as small poems, with the help of which the leader is selected. Thanks to them, you can also assign roles. Counting is one of the most popular, colorful and expressive types of children's creativity.
Children of primary preschool age do not understand the meaning of counting rhymes, but there is nothing to worry about. They hear stanzas that are spoken quickly. All attention is paid not to the rhyme itself, but to the final result. This has a positive effect ondevelopment of memory, attentiveness and hearing.
Many outdoor folk games are based on connecting a song with certain movements. They are considered to be round dances. Such games can often be found at holidays. In them, the whole essence lies in the rhythm and words. The song is closely related to the folk game.
Folk pedagogy determined a series of games from infancy to maturity. However, there are those that are played by guys of all ages. These games include Hide and Seek, Cat and Mouse and the like.
Types of folk games
Russian outdoor folk games are quite diverse. Among them there are round dances, and dances, and well-known catch-ups. They show the best qualities. Human life has long been closely connected with nature and the surrounding world. Previously, a huge number of a wide variety of animals lived in the forests. For our ancestors, work in the field, hunting and crafts were associated with weather conditions and the natural cycle.
Before, it depended on nature whether people would be full or they would face hunger. The connection with nature is clearly visible in the culture, customs and holidays of all Slavic peoples. Children have always tried to imitate adults. That is why the connection with nature is also observed in folk games. This type is characterized by the presence of animals. In children's folk games, a wolf, a bear, a fox and others are often present. They are often the main characters.
The second type of games is associated with a religious and cult motif. This topic is being viewed inall kinds of folklore. Mobile folk games often include brownies, mermaids, sorcerers and similar characters. They make them more colorful and vibrant.
The third type includes all games that reflect the daily activities that our ancestors were engaged in. In them you can find hunting, fishing and various crafts. Thanks to such games, you can find out how our ancestors used to live. It is important to preserve this kind of folklore.
The fourth type includes games that allow you to build coordination, dexterity and quick wits. They improve the physical fitness of the child. Folk outdoor games in this type of kindergarten have a feature. On the one hand, running and jumping are common to all children, and on the other hand, designing them as a game makes this activity more interesting. They have a game of enthusiasm and elements of rivalry. These are one of the main components of the Slavic folk games.
An important role is played by military games. For all the time they have not suffered major changes. They have reached modern children almost in their original form. The game involves a competition between two teams. Criteria for choosing winners and wrestling techniques are determined in advance. Since ancient times, military-themed games have been the favorite entertainment of all young men.
Introducing children to mobile folk games
Self-education is important for every teacher. Folk outdoor games, unfortunately, are less and less offered for use in school and preschool institutions. They perform important educationalfunctions. It is important to use them in children's pastime.
Children get acquainted with folk outdoor games at entertainments that are held monthly in the afternoon in all preschool institutions. When organizing them, you can use musical accompaniment.
Outdoor games have the same requirements as physical education. The beginning is organized, the pace gradually increases, and by the end of the lesson it decreases. Some games require additional attributes.
Mobile games for the ecological education of preschoolers of the senior group
Russian people have always been kind to nature. Games with elements of environmental education form a kind and thrifty attitude towards the world around children. Thanks to them, children also get to know nature. That is why in the process of environmental education, you can safely use folk outdoor games. They are often associated with imitation of the habits of animals, as well as their way of life. In such games, manifestations of inanimate nature can also occur. Thanks to them, children develop an interest in the world around them.
Thanks to folk games with elements of environmental education, children learn to distinguish between living and inanimate nature. These include "Grandfather Mazai", "Running along the trunk", "Geese" and others. It is important that these games take place outdoors.
Learning games
Folk outdoor games of the younger grouppreschool and school education are often subject to research. A. M. Gorky believed that such fun is a source of worldly wisdom. In the concepts of preschool education, special attention is paid to the need to enrich the modern kindergarten with long-forgotten, but very educational games.
Russian folk games were first collected and processed by E. A. Pokrovsky in a book that was released in 1895. Its name is "Children's Games, Mostly Russian". It describes the meaning of fun and their role in the development of the child's personality.
Scientists have long noticed that the traditions of our ancestors are most contrastingly reflected in children's games. They allow you to reveal the wisdom and life experience of the people.
Many scientists claim that thanks to folk games, the child gets acquainted with the habits and characteristics of the population, as well as family values.
Several folk outdoor games
There are many folk outdoor games, the rules of which are not known to everyone. One of them is "The shoes are lost." For this game, you need to assemble a team of 5-10 people. The point is that everyone takes off their shoes and puts them in a common pile, mixing it thoroughly. Then, after waiting for the command, the guys must find their shoes. The one who completes the task first wins. It is important that children do not push each other when searching for shoes.
Another game that includes elements of environmental education is "Birds-small. "Playing it, the children must take turns portraying the bird that they like. It can be either domestic or urban or forest. The rest must guess which bird the child is showing.
"At the bear in the forest" is one of the most popular games. One child is selected for the role of the forest predator. He, according to the plot, must protect his forest. When other participants sneak up on him, he must prevent them from going beyond a certain line. The one who was caught by the bear is eliminated from the game.
Summing up
All folk games, including outdoor games, are extremely valuable. It is important not to forget about them. These games reflect the customs, traditions and folklore of our ancestors. They shape the personality and develop the positive qualities of the child. They have considerable value in environmental education. Thanks to such games, conversational speech is also improved, logic is formed and the level of physical fitness of children improves. It is important not only to include them in preschool education, but also to apply them at home.
