Those who are fond of sports can be conditionally divided into two groups. The first includes the so-called amateurs, for whom their general physical fitness is important, and not exceptional results. The second group consists of professionals - people aimed at high achievements in their chosen sport. Often athletes migrate from one group to another due to their own individual characteristics.
One, with rare exceptions
In the Russian Federation, the federal standard of sports training applies to all sports included in the All-Russian Register. From time to time, minor changes are made to it, but the main backbone of the document - No. 412 FZ - was approved in 2011. The register includes sports controlled by all-Russian sports federations. All requirements listed in the document apply to them. The exceptions were national sports, specialized military training, fire-applied training, and the like. The federal standard does not affect their development.
Sports training is a whole complex of methods, skills, means, conditions, knowledge, experience, aimed at systematic strengthening of the human body. It also has an important influence on the development and strengthening of the athlete's fortitude. We can safely say that sport is a culture of comprehensive education of the individual. The Federal Standard reflects all stages of the preparation of citizens of the country, taking into account their age, gender, characteristics of the chosen disciplines and all the nuances associated with this type of activity. In other words, it contains all the standards in force in the territory of the country for amateur and professional sports.
From a he althy mind to a he althy body
To form the right attitude towards physical culture should begin from infancy. This initiative is entirely the choice of the child's parents. On how much they manage to captivate their child with a he althy lifestyle, not only his sports result in the future, but also his general physical condition depends. Many parents understand this and do not spare any money or time for the athletic development of the child. A kind of sports training is a way of life aimed at the formation of a beautiful physique, a strong, strong body, its speed and strength qualities.
It is important to remember that high results in physical development do not come by themselves over time and do not always depend on the amount of training. Exceptional achievements can only be achieved by hard, purposeful work year after year, regularly using allknown training methods in the chosen sport. Such zeal is not inherent in everyone. Therefore, choosing sport as the main business of your life, in order to avoid disappointment, it is better to initially analyze your own fortitude, individual characteristics of the body, and psychological adaptation to possible failures. Appropriate conclusions must be drawn by parents who introduce their children to the passion for physical culture. Not everyone can become an Olympic champion, but having a strong, slender body is easy.
Emphasis on strength
The bulk of amateur athletes among men primarily rely on their strength training. It is the basis for the development of other physical qualities: endurance, speed, agility. The common expression “to carry iron” is from the category of priorities of men aimed at sports training. In this case, sport for them is a way to build muscle mass in the gyms, and therefore, strength throughout the body.
Proper diet, regular exercise regime, maintaining a he althy lifestyle can accelerate the achievement of goals. And those, in turn, automatically work to strengthen the willpower for the passion for physical culture on an ongoing basis. The professional training of athletes is a complex, multifunctional process. But even in this case, the main emphasis during the training period is aimed at increasing the strength endurance of athletes.
Focusing on beauty
The female part of the world's population pursues completely different goals, torturing their bodyon treadmills or exercise bikes. A slender figure, toned forms, the absence of extra pounds on the sides - the entire program of sports training for the beautiful half of humanity is based on these three pillars. The physical culture industry is developing quite dynamically, inventing more and more new types of training to achieve the above qualities for girls and women.
But whatever the goals, the general improvement of the population is the best that sports can give. Moreover, the age range of those involved in gyms, stadiums or fitness centers is constantly expanding. Very young athletes regularly running at certain times of the day in forest parks, embankments, courtyard areas next to older athletes can now be observed in any locality. Quite often, the passion for amateur athletics becomes widespread.
Material and technical base
Unfortunately, specialized sports training is a luxury these days. Classes in gyms and sections with a qualified trainer, visits to sports and recreation centers cost a lot of money. If we consider sports only as a guarantee of an excellent figure and general physical condition, then everything is simpler here - you can equip a gym corner at home. It will not require large financial investments, but it will allow working people to have everything they need at hand to strengthen the body and exercise at the most convenient time for this. In addition, the setEveryone can choose shells, focusing on the capabilities of their own wallet. Another plus of a home gym is a one-time expense, while savings on fitness centers are permanent.
However, if your own area does not allow arranging a decent sports corner, you can always find a way out: horizontal bar, dumbbells, jump rope, wall bars, bars, bench press and similar equipment do not take up much space. In addition, almost every apartment has a balcony or loggia, and in your own house - a veranda or attic. These are ideal places for exercise with excellent circulation of fresh air even during the cold season. Of course, they cannot be compared with classes in the halls equipped with the latest simulators, but the lack of financial opportunities cannot serve as an excuse for refusing sports training for those who feel cravings or need for it.
To each his own team
If sport is a life's work, there are all sorts of sections for this in every locality. In them, the process of training athletes is carried out according to specialized programs under the guidance of experienced mentors. All material and technical conditions have been created in the sports training centers, centralized training methods are used, and a system of psychological development of athletes has been organized. Classes in a group give rise to a he althy spirit of competition, stimulate to achieve higher results and set your own records.
Each sport has its own characteristics. Training processIt is characterized by essential features distinguishable from each other in technical equipment, tactical approaches, and psychological attunement. Even the physical preparation of an athlete's body is aimed at developing different qualities. An athlete should have an excellent functioning of the musculoskeletal system, a chess player should have a nervous system, and a swimmer should have a respiratory system. And so it goes for every sport. However, well-rounded athletes achieve great results.
Improve functionality
Exceptional general fitness at the start of a sporting career can lead to an earlier transition to enhanced training in a given speci alty. But if certain muscle groups are not sufficiently developed, the mobility of certain joints is hardly noticeable, and the performance of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems does not withstand prolonged exercise, the athlete can switch to an individual mode of sports training. This will allow you to achieve the necessary results more quickly.
The same processes are essential for maintaining the general fitness of recreational athletes. Running for the maximum possible distances, swimming, jumping, skiing can improve the functioning of the respiratory system in a short time. Push-ups and pull-ups - build muscle mass. For the systematic development of your anaerobic performance or speed-strength abilities, it is important to choose the most effective way of training, taking into account the characteristics of your own body. To help competent advice in choosing a particular system will help an experiencedinstructor.
Growth in skill - increase in loads
Initial physical training has a general he alth focus, and most amateur athletes stop at this point in their development. The types of sports training that they choose for this: running, swimming, light or weightlifting - do not play a special role, since in this case the classes do not go beyond the scope of their hobby. Professionals are focused on high results, and the approach to their own development is different here.
With the increase in the level of physical fitness, its complexity, inherent in the chosen sports direction, grows, and so on until the use of the maximum capabilities of one's own body. World and Olympic records - from here. Real athletes always aim for the highest result. They are distinguished by the ability to concentrate on the tasks set, to subordinate their entire lifestyle to a single goal. This level of development is not so much a sport as a comprehensive culture of personal development.
The harm of fanaticism
Often, the extreme use of the capabilities of one's own body can lead to tragic consequences - a crippled body, a broken soul. General physical training and sports training, focused on high professionalism, does not matter. The fanatical desire to achieve victory at all costs does not serve as an excuse for torturing oneself. In pursuit of lightning-fast results, many bring their own body to exhaustion and stop only withhospitalization in medical institutions. Such "feats" often end in death.
Real professionals have worked out a personal training system, a well-established regime for years, delimitation of opportunities in accordance with the time of day and many other factors that do not allow ruining your own body. Overtraining is mostly inherent in amateurs. Therefore, at the initial stage of introducing sports to this category of the population, it is important to entrust the development of their own training program to an experienced instructor.
Raising Champions
Amateur and professional sports have their own goals and objectives. The first - to strengthen their own he alth, improve their general physical condition. The second is to achieve maximum results in world-class competitions. The principles, means and methods of training in both mass and professional sports differ little from each other.
As already mentioned, the standards of sports training in force in the country are spelled out in federal law. They apply to amateurs and professionals, to all institutions and organizations, from preschool institutions to ministries. But each sport has its own requirements for its development, which have special, distinguishable features from others, expressed in technical equipment, theoretical, tactical and psychological training. And, of course, athletes of different specializations have their own training schemes and methods. Combining all types of training together creates an effective educational complex.
