Enzymes play a very important role in the functioning of the human body. They accelerate the chemical processes occurring at the cellular level. An enzyme is a catalyst for the absorption of nutrients entering the body. The digestive system works to convert and break down fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, as foods contain all of these components in forms that are difficult to digest. Without the participation of enzymes, this process is impossible. In order for them to form in the human body, it is necessary to receive with pi
shchi a certain amount of vitamins. With beriberi, the action of enzymes decreases and the metabolic process slows down. Each type of enzyme is active only in its own environment - stomach enzymes work only in an acidic environment, pancreatic enzymes - only in an alkaline one. The ideal temperature for them is the temperature of the human body and a little higher, no more than 39 degrees. The enzyme is a specific protein, and therefore does not withstand very low and high temperatures. At higher rates, they collapse, at very low rates, they lose activity. The reaction rate of enzymes, that is, their activity, depends on the combination of these factors - temperature, pH-environment, as well as on the concentration of the substratestarting material.
Types of enzymes
Depending on the types of reactions, enzymes are divided into six classes with their own subclasses. The enzyme that speeds up oxidative reactions is oxidoreductase.
Transferases catalyze the transfer of chemical components between molecules. The enzyme responsible for hydrolysis is a hydrolase. The catalyst for breaking chemical bonds in foods is the lyase enzyme. Isomerases catalyze changes in the structure of the molecules of the original substance. Ligases are involved in the formation of chemical bonds between substrates.
All digestive enzymes can be divided into three groups.
Amylase is involved in the conversion of carbohydrates, breaking them down, after which they quickly penetrate into the circulatory system. This enzyme is secreted in the intestines and saliva.
Lipase is produced in the pancreas, found in gastric juice. Necessary for the processing of fats.
Protease is also secreted by the pancreas and is found in gastric juice. This enzyme is used to break down protein.
In addition to digestive, there is also a group of metabolic enzymes involved in biochemical processes inside cells.
Foods rich in enzymes
To get natural enzymes from foods, you should avoid cooking them and eat these foods raw. As a rule, this applies to food of plant origin. The fruits of papaya, avocado, are very saturated with natural enzymes,mango, pineapple. No worse than ordinary sauerkraut, natural vegetable and fruit juices. You can also make up for the lack of enzymes by taking dietary supplements - dietary supplements. Enzymes are produced by pharmaceutical companies in the form of tablets and capsules. Combined ready-made enzymes have a very good effect on the body. As a rule, combinations contain the main enzymes for digestion - proteases, lipases and amylases.
