Throughout his life, to study a particular text, a person resorts to various ways of reading information. To what? Have you heard anything about the types of reading texts? If not, then our article is for you. We will talk about what types of reading are, as well as when and why they should be used.
Definition
Before parsing the reading itself, you need to know the definition of this term. Where do we start. So, reading is a certain type of speech activity of a person who has entered the communicative and public sphere of human activity, providing communication through written speech.
Along with scientists, psychologists and educators believe that reading is a receptive type of speech activity, as it is associated with perception, that is, with reception, as well as with the understanding of knowledge that is encoded by various graphic signs.
In a structural sense, reading is divided into two plans:
- meaningful;
- procedural.
Reading comprehension isthe result of reading in terms of content. In procedural terms, how the reader correlates graphemes with phonemes, as well as how he recognizes graphic symbols, and so on.
Reading tasks
Next. Since there are several types of reading, accordingly, we can assume that this process involves the solution of an important task. And which one, we will tell you now.
A person needs to be taught to read so that he can find the information he needs from the text in the amount that is necessary to solve a specific speech task, using specific reading technologies. In any case, this process has a great educational and cognitive value, therefore, in textbooks, the requirements for the content of the text have increased in three areas, namely:
- educational value - the methodologists decided that the works read by students in the book should educate children in the values of a humane society, as well as the responsibility of a professional not only for the result, but also for the consequences of his activity;
- scientific and cognitive value - these criteria are supplemented by a regional orientation, as well as professional orientation;
- correspondence of the content to the interest and age of students, as well as their intellectual needs.
Thus, we see that the reader is faced with different levels of understanding of texts. There are several. Therefore, scientists have developed several classifications of types of reading. We will consider the main acceptedS. K. Folomkina.
Types of reading. Overview of the leading classification
Today, in modern primary school, teachers actively use 3 types of reading:
- study;
- introductory;
- viewer.
Let's consider each type separately below. So.
Introductory Reading
In order. This type of reading at school is necessary so that the student chooses the main facts as soon as possible, that is, the main ones. Statistics have shown that with this type of reading, it is enough to understand only 70% of the text. As you understand, it is important to be able to identify and understand keywords. When children learn this type of activity, you need to be able to skip, or rather, bypass those words that are unfamiliar, and also not stop the process. This kind of reading involves the ability to guess the lexical meaning of the keys from the context. Nothing complicated. It is important to be able to summarize the content of the read text. For a child, this is very important. This type of reading is also used in a foreign language lesson, and practice has shown that today not all students are proficient in this way. This is noticeable when the student begins to translate the text and gets lost at the sight of one unfamiliar word. For successful and high-quality reading, such a bad habit must be overcome.
Review reading
This type of reading is based on the ability to determine the semantic milestones by the first phrases in the paragraph and the heading, the ability to divide the text into semantic parts, as well as to find and summarizefacts. And of course, predict further content. In order for such skills to be formed, it is necessary to teach students the analysis of headings while reading literary texts, to offer them to correlate the information they read with drawings, tables, diagrams, and the like. Also, children should be able to guess the content of a paragraph or text from the first sentences. They need to understand what is being said. In order to form such skills, it is necessary to offer children the following types of tasks:
- voice key proposals;
- continue texts instead of the author;
- determine which part of the text maps and figures relate to;
- if children work with a literary text, you should always pay their attention to the means of artistic expression, to what techniques the author used to make his work sound special.
Study Reading
Educators resort to this method to provide students with not only thoughtful, but also a deep understanding of the text they read. To achieve this goal, teachers resort to asking specific questions after reading. The purpose of this work is to awaken the students' desire to more accurately understand the text and understand incomprehensible situations. Very often, with such reading, the teacher reads the text aloud for everyone, makes stops, addressing various questions to the audience.
Often, learning reading techniques are found in Russian language lessons. Children in the paragraphs of the textbook are given theoretical material, variouslinguistic facts, defines terms, and lists their features. Such reading is necessary when studying new material for the knowledge of new facts. In addition, learning reading is used by children in preparation for the presentation.
In closing
So, our article on the types of reading is over. Let's summarize. We, as promised, told not only about the types of reading, but also when and why teachers use them. Teachers use not only various types of work with text in elementary school. They also conduct various types of reading lessons, which is especially necessary for the development of younger students. But this is a completely different article.
