Dicotyledonous class, Moth family (Bean) - it is about the representatives of this systematic group of plants that will be discussed in our article. They have characteristic features that make them easy to distinguish from others. A wide distribution area and widespread use in human life makes them an important object for study.
Life forms
Plants of the Moth family are represented in nature by all existing life forms. These are herbs, shrubs, and trees. Everyone is well aware of the small shoots of clover, which pleases us in the spring with its lush inflorescences. But the acacia is a tall tree with a spreading crown.
Flower structure
Moth - a family of class Dicotyledonous, which got its name due to the special structure of the flower. It is always irregular. This means that its corolla is formed by petals of various shapes and sizes. Visually, it resembles a moth in flight. Hence the name of the family. The flower is five-membered. However, the petals are free and the sepals are fusedbetween themselves. The pistil is formed by a single carpel. The number of stamens is 10. Depending on the type of plant, they can be fused or free. But in most representatives of the moth, 9 filaments are connected, and one remains free.
Outwardly, the flower also resembles a boat. The upper petal, which is also called the sail, is the largest. Two side ones are much smaller and are attached freely - "oars". The lower petals grow together, forming directly the "bottom of the boat".
Flowers can be single or collected in inflorescences. For example, clover has a head, lupins and peas have a brush, and a lotus has an umbrella.
Structure of leaves
In the vast majority of cases, moths have compound leaves with alternate arrangement on the stem. At their base are paired stipules or spines.
Fruit type
The fruit of the Motylkov family is called "bean". Hence the second name of the family. Sometimes it is called Legumes. This type of fruit belongs to the group of dry drop-down fruits. It is represented by two wings, each of which contains many seeds.
Plants of the Butterfly family
Mimosa, alfalfa, rank, lupine, peanuts… Butterflies are a family whose representatives are well known to everyone and quite common. Their species composition is about 18 thousand. Leguminous plants can be found in different climatic zones - from hotdeserts to the Far North. Their characteristic feature is that special nodule bacteria live on the roots. This coexistence is mutually beneficial. Moths receive valuable nitrogen compounds from bacteria that are able to absorb. Unicellular, in turn, are provided with organic substances created by plants during photosynthesis.
Meaning of leguminous plants
Moths are a family of dicotyledons, representatives of which are widely used by humans. Legumes, which include soybeans, beans, lentils, are valuable food crops. Peas and sweet clover are used as predecessors of wheat and vegetables in crop rotations.
The fruit of the Motylkov family can also be underground. An example of this is peanuts. Its seeds contain a lot of protein, vegetable fats, starch and vitamins. Together with soy, they are valuable oil crops.
Medicinal plants are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. Licorice infusions are used in the treatment of respiratory diseases, food poisoning. Many moths are valuable honey plants. White locust, alfalfa are a valuable source of nectar - a favorite delicacy of bees.
Interesting to know
Moth - a family that can rightfully bear the title of one of the most ancient. Paleontologists suggest that peas began to be grown as early as the third millennium BC. And now on the planet the territory of his cropsreach 10 million hectares.
Soy protein officially has the vegetable protein quality standard assigned to it by the UN International Food Resources Commission. According to statistics, every third liter of vegetable oil produced in the world falls on this particular plant. And from soy flour they get "milk", which in taste does not differ from cow's.
Beans are the record plant for the content of potassium compounds. That is why it is recommended for people with impaired kidney function, cardiovascular system, high blood pressure, joint diseases.
A substance that contains the sweet clover bean plant can prevent blood clotting and is therefore used for thrombophlebitis, a disease in which clots form in the vessels.
Another valuable plant of the Moth family, which gives a lot of green mass, is at the same time poisonous. This is lupine, which contains alkaloids. Previously, it was used only as a green manure, but now non-poisonous varieties have been bred.
Among the representatives of the Moth family there are also giant plants. Some tropical trees reach a height of more than 80 m. Mighty supporting roots located on the surface of the soil help to keep such giants.
Thus, the main characteristic features of the representatives of the Moth family (Bean) are the structure of the flower, which in appearance resembles a butterfly, and the presence of nodule bacteria,that live in the tissues of the roots of these plants. Many of them are valuable forage, oil and leguminous crops that are actively cultivated by people.
