Sometimes in speech there are such words that consist of a set of letters or halves of words. It happens that the meaning of such words is unfamiliar. This is a whole group of lexemes that are in our language. Let's talk about them. What is an abbreviation? We will try to find the answer to this question in the article.
Complex abbreviated word
The word "abbreviation" in Italian means "abbreviation". This is a special kind of compound word that requires deciphering. Most often used in official business documentation, typical for many languages.
To understand what an abbreviation is, it is enough to consider at least one example in detail. Let's take the word MSU. At first glance, it is not clear to us. Just some set of letters. But a person who knows Russian at the level of the school curriculum will immediately say that each letter stands for a word. Let's decipher them: M - Moscow, G - state, U - university.
Thus, knowing the transcript, you can determine what the abbreviation means.
Introduction to the use of abbreviationsin speech begins at school. For example, when studying biology, you can find such abbreviations: DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid, HIV - human immunodeficiency virus, etc.
Methods of forming abbreviations
Compoundly abbreviated words sometimes denote things that are familiar and close to us. They may look different, but they have one thing in common: in order to correctly enter such a word into your speech, it must be deciphered and correctly coordinated in the sentence.
There are several ways to form such words. Let's take a closer look at them.
- Using the first few sounds of a word and linking them together. For example, the word "commander" was formed as follows: (commander) andir (div) izii; "department store" - (universal)sal (mag)azin, etc.
- Using initial letters. For example, the Air Force ([vevees], air force); ORT ([oerte], Russian Public Television).
- Using initial sounds. When writing, such abbreviations can include both uppercase and lowercase letters. For example, SMU ([SMU], construction and installation department); university ([university], institution of higher education).
In addition, English abbreviations are widely used in our speech. They accompany the following areas: science, medicine, fiction. Many abbreviations in specialized literature.
Deciphering compound words
Having studied the theoretical material, it is easy to understand what an abbreviation is. The main thing here is to learn how to apply them correctly in yourspeech. To do this, you need to know how such a compound word is deciphered and then correctly agree on it in the sentence.
For example, in the sentence "After the repair of the nuclear power plant increased the output of electricity" the verb has the ending A. To write it correctly, you must first decipher the word. NPP - nuclear power plant. The main word is "station", it is feminine.
Abbreviations with decoding will help you to build speech correctly and competently. They also allow you to expand the vocabulary, since such decoding introduces new words.
Besides, we constantly use abbreviations in our speech. It is necessary to know them, otherwise you can be considered an uneducated person. In addition, knowing such words will make life easier.
For example, to know where this sign leads, you need to decipher it. LEMZ is the Lianozovsky Electromechanical Plant.
Foreign Abbreviations
Most foreign compound words are English abbreviations. These are abbreviations of English words. Among them there are simple, quickly remembered, there are also complex ones. You need to know them. They can be useful at work, while traveling, in business correspondence, in other areas of human life.
Here are some English abbreviations. They can be divided into groups:
- Letter pronunciation: BBC [BBC] (British Broadcasting Corporation), PC [PC] (personal computer), USA [Yuesei] (United States of America).
- Acronym words (formed by initial sounds):NATO [NATO] (North Atlantic Alliance).
- The use of the abbreviation only in writing, in speech it sounds like a full-fledged word: Mr [mister] - (mister), St [street] (street).
- Use of abbreviation in the organizational structure of the language: etc. [etsetera](and so on), NB [enbi](note).
- Abbreviated words used in informal speech: TV [tiwi] (television), Case [case] (portfolio).
If you are interested in the full version of English abbreviations and translate them, this will contribute to the study of English. Such abbreviations with decoding also replenish the lexicon.
Abbreviations in our life
Acronym words accompany us through life, starting from birth in the maternity hospital (maternity hospital), which is registered in the registry office (registration of civil status). After visiting a preschool educational institution (preschool educational institution), we still go through an eleven-year-long path to the MOKU SOSH (municipal educational institution secondary school), where we attend lessons, sports sections (sports sections), drama circles (drama circles), etc. Then we act to a university (higher educational institution) or college, we get a speci alty and work in a research institute (research institute) or an LLC (limited liability company). Someone opens a PE (private enterprise) and becomes an IP (individual entrepreneur). We go to department stores (department stores), ZhEKs (housing and maintenance office), visit sports complexes(sports complexes), recreation centers (houses of culture), we work on a PC (personal computer). Meanwhile, serious passions are running high in the EU (European Union), OSCE (Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe), APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)…
These are just a few of the examples that show what an abbreviation is. Do not list everything. But we come across them at every step.
The best
The origin of the most common English abbreviation OK has many options: it is associated with the name of American biscuits, with the telegrapher's term "public key", with the initials of one of the US presidents, with the affirmative answer of the Indians.
The longest abbreviation in Russia consists of 55 characters - NIIOMTPLABOPARMBETZHELBETRABSBORMONIMONKONOTDTEHSTROYMONT (Scientific Research Laboratory for Concrete Reinforcement and Reinforced Concrete Works for the Construction of Prefabricated Monolithic and Monolithic Structures of the Technology Department of the Construction and Assembly Department of the Academy of Construction and Architecture of the USSR).
The funniest abbreviation is LOCK IN THE Muzzle (Deputy Commander for Maritime Affairs).
The most ridiculous abbreviation is MUDO (Municipal institution of additional education).
