Ludwig Boltzmann is the creator of the molecular-kinetic theory of ideal gases. Born in 1844 in Vienna. Boltzmann is a pioneer and discoverer in science. His works and research were often misunderstood and rejected by society. However, with the further development of physics, his work was recognized and subsequently published.
Scientific interests of the scientist covered such fundamental areas as physics and mathematics. From 1867 he worked as a teacher in a number of higher educational institutions. In his research, he found that gas pressure is due to the chaotic impacts of molecules on the walls of the vessel in which they are located, while the temperature directly depends on the speed of particles (molecules), in other words, on their kinetic energy. Therefore, the faster these particles move, the higher the temperature. The Boltzmann constant is named after the famous Austrian scientist. It was he who made an invaluable contribution to the development of static physics.
Physical meaning of this constant value
The Boltzmann constant defines the relationship between such physical quantities as temperature and energy. In staticmechanics, it plays a major key role. The Boltzmann constant is k=1, 3806505(24)10-23J/K. The numbers in parentheses indicate the permissible error in the value of the value relative to the last digits. It is worth noting that the Boltzmann constant can also be derived from other physical constants. However, these calculations are quite complex and difficult to perform. They require deep knowledge not only in the field of physics, but also in higher mathematics.
Relationship between absolute temperature and energy
The Stefan-Boltzmann constant allows you to connect the characteristics of the micro- and macroworld, namely the ratio of the speed of movement of molecules to temperature. The formula describing this ratio is as follows: 3/2mv2=kT.
In a homogeneous gas in a vessel at a certain temperature T, the energy that falls on each of the degrees of freedom is equal to the ratio kT/2. Knowing the temperature at which the molecules are located, and their mass, one can easily calculate the root-mean-square velocity. However, this formula is not suitable for diatomic gases.
Ludwig Boltzmann ratio (entropy - probability)
The entropy of a thermodynamic system can be defined as the logarithm of the thermodynamic probability. This ratio can be called the main achievement and discovery of the great Austrian physicist, which he made at the end of his life. During the life of a scientist, it never receivedrecognition in scientific circles, but four years after his death, this discovery was officially recognized.
A few words in conclusion
The Boltzmann constant not only forms the core of static physics and molecular-kinetic theory, but also had some influence on the further development of physical theories. This applies, for example, to such a section as quantum mechanics.
