In English grammar, verbs can take the form of active voice (when the object independently performs the action expressed by the verb) and passive voice (when the action is performed on the object). Active Voice (active voice) is also called the active voice, and Passive Voice (passive voice) is also called passive.
To describe events that happen constantly, the passive voice is used in the present simple tense. This is Present Passive Simple. Let's try to analyze the rule of its application in more detail. The passive voice in English-speaking countries is used when it is unimportant or unknown who or what did the action. Consider the difference between active and passive voices.
Present Simple Active and Passive. The rule for the formation of an affirmative sentence
Let's start with the first aspect. When to use the Present Simple:
- When it comes to common knowledge, laws of nature, scientific theories,that everyone knows. For example: The earth rotates on its axis. – The Earth rotates around its axis (this fact is known to everyone).
- To talk about activities that are repeated regularly. For example: Maria comes home from work at 5 o'clock. – Maria comes home from work at 5 o’clock (it happens every day).
- When writing manuals, instructions, recipes, instructions, expresses the imperative mood. For example: Close the cover, then press the green button. – Close the lid, then press the green button (this is one of the instructions).
- When talking about a date with someone, a meeting, some kind of schedule (airplanes, buses, trains, etc.). For example: I go to the dentist at 3 o'clock. – I go to the dentist at 3 o’clock (this is a scheduled appointment).
- When designating sequential actions in comments, sports reviews. For example: Participant number 11 gains speed and overtakes the favorite of the race. – Competitor number 11 picks up speed and overtakes the race favorite (this is a sports commentary).
- For writing news bulletins, headlines. For example: Former billionaire buys a Villa in Spain. – Former billionaire buys villa in Spain (this is a newspaper headline).
The active voice is formed with the verb in the initial form without the to particle. The exception is a third party unit. h., here the ending -s is added to the verb (-es or -ies, depending on the ending of the word). If the word ends:
- with a consonant sound, then -s is added;
- letters "x", "z", "ch", "sh", "s" or "o" is added-es;
- if "y" is preceded by a consonant, then -ies is added (if "y" is preceded by a vowel, then -s is added).
For example:
- I dream of traveling around the world. – I dream of traveling around the world.
- He calls his grandfather every night. – He calls his grandfather every evening.
- She plays cards with her friends. – She plays cards with her friends.
- He washes his car on weekends. – He washes the car on weekends.
- The actress flies a helicopter to the ski base. – The actress flies a helicopter to the ski base.
Consider the Present Simple Passive. The rule with examples will show the differences from the active voice. In the passive voice, to be and the semantic verb (V3) are used. The verb to be in Present Simple (present tense) looks like:
- am (first person singular);
- is (third person singular);
- are (second person singular and plural).
For example:
- This newspaper is published on Mondays. – This newspaper is released on Mondays.
- I am played the main role in this play. – I played the main role in the play.
- Interesting questions are asked by students at the seminar. – Interesting questions were asked by students at the seminar.
Active and passive voice. Comparison
In the comparative table, consider the sentences of active and passive voice in Present Simple. Gotta learn themdistinguish.
Active |
Passive |
|
| 1 | I read this article. – I am reading this article |
I am reading this article. – I have read this article |
| 2 | Sam builds a cottage. – Sam is building a cottage | Sam is built a cottage last year. – Sam built a dacha last year |
| 3 | White chrysanthemums grow in our garden. – White chrysanthemums grow in our garden | White chrysanthemums are grown in our garden. – White chrysanthemums grown in our garden |
Passive negation
How is negation formed in the Present Simple Passive? The rule and examples will help you figure it out.
A negation in a sentence is obtained by adding the particle not to the auxiliary verb (when there are several such verbs, then not is used after the first one). What is the word order in the sentence?
| 1. Pronoun or noun | 2. Verb to be (am, is, are) + not | 3. Third form verb (V3) | 4. Minor Members |
Examples:
- I am not met at the station. – I am not met at the train station.
- Her ideas are not encouraged by people. – Her ideas are not encouraged by people.
- Albert is not seemed frivolous. Albert doesn't seemfrivolous.
- This instrument is not played today. – This instrument is not played today.
Interrogative sentence
When posing a question in the Present Simple Passive, the rule says that the auxiliary verb is placed at the beginning of the sentence. What is the word order?
| 1. Verb to be (am, is, are) | 2. Pronoun or noun | 3. Third form verb (V3) | 4. Minor Members |
Examples:
- Is the hall crowded with spectators? – Is the hall full of spectators?
- Are these problems solved to you? – Are these problems solved for you?
- Is it thought out to the smallest detail? – Is it thought out to the smallest detail?
- What are you usually presented for your birthday? – What do you usually get for your birthday?
Modal verbs and Present Simple Passive Voice. Terms of Use
Modal verbs on their own do not mean anything (as, for example, ordinary verbs: read, draw, think, run, etc.), but are only associated with some action (be able to drive, you should think, you need to sell, you must go etc.). Thanks to them, speech acquires emotionality, the speaker's attitude to the topic of conversation is conveyed.
Modal verbs have the same form in all persons and numbers.
Modal verbs are often used in the passive voice. When presented in Present Passive Simple, the arrangement rulesentence members (with the presence of model verbs) looks like this.
| 1. Pronoun or noun | 2. Modal verb | 3. Verb be | 4. Third form verb (V3) | 5. Minor Members |
The following modal verbs are often used:
- should (necessary, necessary; used when something is recommended or advised);
- can (be able, be able);
- must (should);
- ought to (synonymous with should, but sounds more polite);
- have to (expresses an obligation to do something);
- be supposed to
Examples:
- This essay should be written by you. – This essay must be written by you.
- This question must be solved by her before the end of the day. – This issue should be resolved by her before the end of the day.
- At various master classes can be learned something useful. – At various master classes, you can learn something useful.
- Books from the library should be returned on time. – Books from the library must be returned on time.
- He ought to be crossed carefully. – You should be careful with him.
Rule for using pledge in simple tenses
When using simple tenses in the passive voice (present, past, future simple passive)the rule of placement of words in a sentence must be strictly observed. The order is illustrated in the photo above. And now we propose to consider the nuances in more detail.
Past Simple
To talk about events that occurred at a certain moment in the past, the predicate in the sentence must be put in the Past Simple (past simple tense). The word order for the statement should be as follows.
| 1. Pronoun or noun | 2. Verb to be (were, was) | 3. Third form verb (V3) | 4. Minor Members |
Examples:
- This area was built about three years ago. – This area was built about three years ago.
- The test work was done perfectly. – Test work done perfectly.
- I was advised to go to court. – I was advised to go to court.
Negation in the Past Simple is built using the particle not, which is added to were or was. The offer looks like this.
| 1. Pronoun or noun | 2. Verb to be (were, was) + not | 3. Third form verb (V3) | 4. Minor Members |
Examples:
- My call was not heard yesterday. – My call was not answered yesterday.
- Alec was not informed of the closure of the Bank account. – Alec was not informed about the closure of the bank account.
- Most of the lots were not sold atauction. – Most items were not sold at auction.
To ask about events in the past, start the sentence with were or was. Word order changes like this.
| 1. Verb to be (were, was) | 2. Pronoun or noun | 3. Third form verb (V3) | 4. Minor Members |
Examples:
- Was this item sold yesterday? – Was this item sold yesterday?
- Were English courses started a week ago? – English courses started a week ago?
- Was my neighbor seen at the club yesterday? – Was my neighbor seen at the club yesterday?
Future Simple
When some actions in the future are constantly happening, then in English it is Future Simple. The verb will is used here. The affirmative sentence has the form.
| 1. Pronoun or noun | 2. will + be | 3. Third form verb (V3) | 4. Minor Members |
Examples:
- This dress will be made by Thursday. – This dress will be made by Thursday.
- An unusually interesting performance will be taken place on Friday evening. – An extremely interesting performance will take place on Friday night.
- The order will be done by tomorrow morning. – The order will be completed by tomorrow morning.
Negation in the Future Simple is constructed as follows:
| 1. Pronoun or noun | 2. will not + be | 3. Third form verb (V3) | 4. Minor Members |
Examples:
- Members of Parliament will not be invited to the meeting. – Members of Parliament will not be invited to the meeting.
- This tactic will not be worked this year. – This tactic will not work this year.
- These flowers will not be grown by the end of the week. – These flowers will not be grown by the end of the week.
The Future Simple should be asked in this order.
| 1. Verb will | 2. Pronoun or noun | 3. Verb be | 4. Third form verb (V3) | 5. Minor Members |
Examples:
- Will all attending be invited to the wedding? – Will everyone present be invited to the wedding?
- Will this work be put up for sale? – Will this work be put up for sale?
- Will the parents be picked up at the airport tomorrow? Will parents be picked up at the airport tomorrow?
So the topic of Present Passive Simple has been studied. The rule of forming a passive voice is quite difficult and requires care and patience. But no matter how complex the topic of pledges in English is, its study is necessary for the competent preparation of sentences and the ability to correctlyexpress yourself.
