Many parents try to send their children to gymnasiums and lyceums, believing that an auxiliary school is only for "idiots". But what about those moms and dads who have a special child in their family? By the age of seven, serious problems appear, so boarding school for some becomes the only way to resolve the current situation.
Legislative Framework
In the Russian Federation, according to the "Law on Education", every citizen of the country is guaranteed the right to receive a quality education. Parents can choose the educational institution where the child will receive ZUN.
FZ "On Education" also applies to special children. A special school is an educational institution that is designed for special children. When choosing a program, the physical condition of the child is taken into account, the recommendations of the doctor are taken into account. Upon successful completion of the primary stage in a correctional school, parents can enroll their child in a regular educational institution.
Varieties
Auxiliary school in the Russian Federation has a certain classification. Consider the types of such educational institutions:
- 1st kind (designed for deaf children);
- 2nd type (for late deaf and hard of hearing babies);
- 3rd type (for children with minimal vision and blind schoolchildren);
- 4th type (for the late blind and visually impaired);
- 5th type (for students with complex speech disorders);
- 6th type (for babies with disorders of the musculoskeletal system);
- 7th type (with mental retardation);
- 8th type (for mentally retarded children).
Home-based learning schools are created for children with serious somatic diseases. A sanatorium-type boarding school is designed for children with disabilities, as well as for children with various psycho-neurological diseases.
Difficulty of choice
It would seem that theoretically everything is clear and understandable. Why are moms and dads horrified if doctors and teachers offer their child an auxiliary school? Some are ready to hire tutors from the age of five, just to be in an "ordinary" educational institution. Not all parents are ready to accept the fact that they have a special child. No one wants to see a son or daughter among the "lagging behind", because the road to prestigious educational institutions is closed to "weak" children. This prospect scares many.
Basically a school for lagging childrenfunctions as a boarding school. The kid lives there for five days, and on weekends the parents have to take him home. Due to serious mental he alth problems, some of these children are dangerous to society, and therefore they should not be left alone even for a minute. The problem lies in the fact that in Russia there are few specialists who can and want to work with "problem" students.
How to act
Some parents agree to send the baby to a remedial class. The program of the auxiliary school is much simpler than in ordinary educational institutions, so the sick child will be more comfortable. A child with he alth problems will not be able to independently solve the difficulties that will appear in him in the process of mastering theoretical and practical skills. The auxiliary school helps to cope with such issues, as narrow specialists work in it - a defectologist, a psychologist, an oligophrenopedagogue.
If parents insist, send the kid to a regular school because of the ridicule of classmates, he may develop a feeling of inferiority. Unfortunately, child cruelty, rejection of "special" children are the main causes of suicide. In order not to lose their child, mothers and fathers must take seriously and responsibly the words of a psychologist, a doctor.
Sequence of actions
Suppose that the parents decide to go through a commission to understand how their child is ready to study in a regular school. How is a special school different?The 1st department involves a detailed diagnosis by a psychologist of the features of the intellect of a future first-grader. Based on its results, the psychologist concludes that the child can master the general education program offered under the second generation of the Federal State Educational Standard in Russian schools.
Next comes the diagnosis of speech development by a speech therapist. Phonemic hearing, pronunciation of sounds is checked. Based on the results of both tests, a consultation with a psychiatrist is carried out. In parallel with the medical examination, the kindergarten teacher draws up a pedagogical characteristic for the child.
At the commission, a group of specialists (child psychologist, psychiatrist, speech therapist) give advice to parents, offer (if necessary) training in special correctional educational institutions. Child representatives have the right to agree (disagree) with advice.
According to Russian law, without the consent of the parents, a child cannot be enrolled in a specialized class.
Features of training in special educational institutions
A special thematic planning is created for each subject. The auxiliary school works according to programs for the correction and development of speech (type 5):
- Proper pronunciation lessons take place in grades 1-2;
- in classes of 7 to 12 people;
- lessons are held in the first half of the day, the second part is devoted to psychological and speech therapy classes;
- no foreign language lessons as it is difficult for special children to learn at the same timebilingual programs;
- an integrated course "The world around us and the development of speech" is being conducted;
- training is carried out on an individual approach to each child.
Within the framework of a general education school, special correctional classes are often created in which children with normal intellectual development study, but with speech problems. After successfully completing the elementary school program, such babies are sent to regular classes.
Training according to the correctional program of the 7th type
It teaches a special child enrolled in the 1st grade. The auxiliary school pays special attention to additional education. In addition to lessons, pupils of such educational institutions are offered circles and sections of sports, music, and art.
Characteristic and variability in learning. In particular, the teacher devotes more hours to some basic topics in order to consolidate the practical skills of children. There is a specific standard developed for each type of correctional school. Graduates of such educational institutions must meet all the requirements specified in the GEF.
Special school for children with various difficulties
Enroll in such educational institutions children who have problems with intellectual and physical development. At the request of the parents, the child cannot end up in a correctional boarding school unless a special medical and psychological commission has been held.
Only if the algorithm is followed, assuming preliminarydiagnostic studies of the baby by a psychologist, psychiatrist, speech therapist, making a recommendation about sending the child to a specialized educational institution, moms and dads can write an application for admission of their baby to a special school.
In the event that all the problems that were identified earlier by specialists are eliminated, the medical and psychological commission is re-assembled. If she makes a positive decision, parents can transfer the student to a regular educational institution.
Practice shows that such situations occur quite often. That is why the psychologist explains to parents that teaching a child in a correctional school (at the primary level) is not a sentence at all. A special child will be comfortable in a special school, he will be able to catch up with his peers in mental development, and in some cases even get ahead of them. If experts recommend a specific program to a child, it is necessary to heed the advice of specialists in order to help the child cope with difficulties in speech, problems in communicating with their peers in a timely manner.
