The emergence, formation, improvement of personality is characterized by certain factors, carried out according to specific patterns. Social regulators allow you to identify and explain the features of the existence of an individual in society.
Definitions
Small groups, society, the individual himself are considered as subjects of social behavior.
She is included in a serious system of various social relations. These include: political, legal, industrial, ideological, moral, religious relations, they are controlled by social regulators.
Internal controls
Let's analyze their main types, allowing to give a qualitative characteristic of the personality.
The social regulators of society include:
- social production, opinion, relationships, consciousness, socio-economic situation;
- style and way of life, traditions, social context, social attitudes, values, family, life;
- morality and ethics, culture, ideology, worldview.
External controls
Social regulators canact as external factors:
- large-scale social groups (layers, classes, cohorts, professions, ethnos);
- small groups (organization, group);
- socio-psychological climate, group relations, the degree of organization of the team.
General phenomena
Such social regulators of behavior include traditions, tastes, symbols, rumors, prejudices, stereotypes, communications.
To characterize individuality, personal components of socio-psychological regulators are also used. Such social regulators are represented by attitude, authority, position, social prestige, status. With their help, you can highlight certain traits of a particular personality.
Social norms
They act as a universal social regulator of social norms of behavior. Among these factors, we single out moral, legal, religious norms. Corporate norms include models, patterns of relationships and actions, traditions and customs, various ceremonies and rituals. This group also includes contractual norms, business relations.
It is important to mention that a person acts as an object of social regulation in the system of external social determination. In the process of social behavior, it is considered not just as a subject of internal behavior, but also from the point of view of external regulation.
Many psychologists consider the regulative function of personality in mental behavior andfunctioning from the position of mental processes, state, qualities.
Mental processes
Social regulators of public relations include the following processes:
- Cognitive, which include schematization, causal attribution, categorization. They involve the receipt, processing, transformation, reproduction by the person of the information received, without which full-fledged social behavior is impossible.
- Oral and written speech, with their help, a person finds a common language with other representatives of social society.
- Psychological specific phenomena. Among them, we single out insight (mental comprehension), intuition (going beyond the existing experience by figuratively generalizing unknown patterns), judgments, conclusions, problem solving (foreseeing the course of events, analyzing the situation, finding a way out of it).
The semantic subjective space in the cognitive block is a generalization of the internal regulators of the individual's behavior in society.
B. F. Petrenko identifies the following factors for the restructuring of semantic subjective spaces:
- evaluation;
- activity;
- order;
- difficulty;
- strength;
- comfort.
Building a semantic space involves several steps. First, all the links of the objects under consideration are selected. Next, a similarity matrix of the selected objects is built, and their proximity is assessed. Then it is carried outmathematical processing of the matrix using factor analysis. And at the final stage, the factors under consideration are interpreted.
Law as a social regulator acts as one of the internal regulators of individual behavior. It allows you to evaluate the emotional reaction of the individual to the impact of strong or short-term stimuli.
Among the internal regulators of the psychological state, depression is of particular interest. It is associated with a negative emotional background and passivity of behavior.
The same indicators include various obsessive states, for example, the instant appearance of painful thoughts, the impulse to drastic actions associated with problems that arise in the family, at work.
Due to psychological qualities, internal subjective regulation is provided, expressed in two forms:
In the form of personal properties, this can be considered as a person's propensity for active actions, responsibility for ongoing actions, transformations
Due to personal qualities, a person establishes relationships with other people, finds ways to behave in a social society. Self-determination of a person, his behavior in problem situations, the ability for self-development, self-knowledge, self-improvement directly depend on these qualities.
Self-assessment is of particular interest, concerning attitude towards oneself, one's abilities and abilities, moral qualities.
A person with high self-esteem considers himself intellectually superior to others, while in reality heabilities are very modest and insufficient to cope with simple situations.
The socio-psychological qualities of a person imply a person's readiness to assess the current situation, his ability to establish emotional approving relationships with other people.
Conclusion
It should be noted that internal (subjective) and external (objective) regulators do not exist separately from each other, a dielectric relationship is assumed between them. Given the principle of determinism, which was formulated by S. L. Rubinshtein, regulators can also be a source of external causes refracted through internal conditions.
External regulators appear as external causes of the social behavior of any person, thanks to internal regulators, the action of various external determinants is refracted. The psychological process of development of moral qualities, consciousness, behavior, restructuring, motivation of the nervous system, the ability to make important decisions occurs due to the dielectric interaction of internal and external regulators. The quality of their connection determines the characteristics of the human psyche.
