The Unified State Exam, or Unified State Examination, is a special form of final exam that is held in schools. Based on the test results, graduates enter various educational institutions. An experiment with the introduction of this exam started in 2001. Schoolchildren and teachers had another headache, and with it the question: “Who invented the Unified State Examination in Russia?” You will learn the name of this official in our article.
Why was the USE introduced
The purpose of this form of examination is to reduce the level of corruption in admission to higher education institutions, as well as to increase the possibility of obtaining higher education for graduates. Among teachers, students, as well as their parents, there are heated discussions on the topic of the complexity of passing the test, the unreliability of the results, and so on. Graduates puzzle over who invented the Unified State Examination in Russia, and at the same time they curse the reformer.
United state exam in the world
If youIf you think that the USE first appeared in Russia, then you are greatly mistaken. World education has been familiar with this form of examination for more than 50 years. But before dealing with the question of who invented the Unified State Exam and the Unified State Examination in our country, let's study the world practice.
The first such exam was held in France in the 1960s. At this time, the African colonies of the independent French state gained independence, so many visitors from Africa appeared in the country of gourmets. It is easy to guess that the level of their education was very low. But the children of traveling parents needed to learn. French officials have done everything to simplify the examination system for migrants. They introduced test questions.
Thus, the final exam was combined with the entrance examinations to higher educational institutions.
Unlike the Russians, the French began to hold serious protests. They reported to the authorities that this form of examination would "stupefy" the nation. The fight was short-lived.
After 3 years, the French authorities evaluated the results of the reform and were forced to abandon the innovation. Despite the French experience, such testing systems have taken root in the United States of America. It is believed that it is practical, so the practice of "2 exams in 1" is used in many countries around the world. Now you know who invented the USE for the first time.
Russian experience
Before the USE was introduced in schools, experiments were conducted in some gymnasiums and lyceums, where graduates voluntarily passedtesting. To the question of who invented the Unified State Examination and the GIA in Russia, many mistakenly answer: Andrey Fursenko. But this is far from the case.
The creator of the Unified State Exam in Russia is an official who served as Minister of Education from 1998 to 2004. His name won't tell you much. This minister set in motion a large-scale reform of Russian education. What did it include? Firstly, he joined the Russian Federation to the Bologna process, according to which higher education is divided into master's and bachelor's programs. Secondly, he created and introduced new educational standards. He believed that the introduction of the Unified State Exam would put an end to corruption in educational institutions, as well as create an effective and high-quality test of the level of knowledge of graduates - after all, the five-point assessment system has long outlived itself.
To the question: “Who invented the USE in Russia?” - there is an unambiguous answer: Filippov Vladimir Mikhailovich. He believed that the test form of the exam would cope with these problems. In one of his interviews, Filippov argued that one can enter elite universities in Moscow and St. Petersburg through tutoring, paid courses, or targeted admission, which is practiced in the two capitals of our state.
In 1999, the Federal Testing Center was opened under the Ministry of Education and Science. The task of this center is to develop testing systems in the state, as well as to control the quality of knowledge of pupils and students in educational institutions.
Now you know who invented the Unified State Examination, but it didn't make life any easier. Let's find outthe opinion of the President of the Russian Federation on this form of the exam.
What the president says
Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin knew who invented the USE and GIA. And repeatedly noted that the exam has both minuses and pluses. He said that thanks to the special form of the final exam, the number of applicants who enter the leading universities of our state by passing the test has increased several times.
In other words, the President recognizes the flaw on the part of the state, but nevertheless considers this measure effective in the fight against corruption and in increasing the availability of education for graduates from the regions.
Who can take the exam
Agree that it doesn't matter at all to know who invented the Unified State Examination. It is important to know who is eligible to take a special exam. All students of the eleventh grade admitted by teachers have the right to participate in the state exam.
Eligible to take the test students in colleges, technical schools, as well as high school graduates who have ever taken an exam, but consider the results unsatisfactory.
Eleventh grade students with disabilities can avoid the exam. To do this, they need to present a certificate of disability.
Graduates of schools of the penitentiary system, as well as children with deviant behavior, have the right to take the final exam in the traditional form.
When is the exam
USE takes place in Russia according to the general schedule. It is compiled by the Ministryeducation and science. Practice has shown that the wave of passing the exam begins in the second half of May and ends in June. You can take the exam early. To do this, you must apply to the administration of the school or college, then you will be able to take the test in April.
Testing materials
This long phrase denotes a test, otherwise they are called KIMS. Their development belongs to the Federal Institute for Educational Research. Every year, FIPI uploads demo versions of control materials for each type of subject to the network. Generally, KIMs have three parts.
Evaluation of results
The one who invented the USE, namely Vladimir Filippov, introduced a 100-point system for assessing knowledge on the exam. The evaluation process is carried out in two stages. The first one determines the number of primary points. The amount is determined by adding up the points received for each question. Such data can be found on the FIPI website. Download the demo version of the desired item. Open the folder, and then study the document called "Specification".
At the second stage, the compilers of KIMs convert primary scores into test scores. There are 100 of them in total. It is the test scores that the graduate sees in his certificate of passing the exam.
Problems
As a rule, test takers do not experience any problems during the exam. Of course, no one has yet managed to completely get rid of excitement. But it should be noted that the atmosphere at the exam is calm and unfussy. It doesn't matter at allknow who invented the exam. It is important to have knowledge of the subject in your head, and then no exam will be scary!
Most often, the organizers of the exam have problems. Every year there is a leak of answers to the Internet. There were cases when they were posted on social networks. For several years, the administration of the popular VKontakte website has been cooperating with Rosobrnadzor. Now VK is under surveillance. Suspicious documents are blocked during distribution.
Now you know the name of the official who introduced the exam. However, this is far from the most important information that a school graduate needs. Study and prepare in time to succeed in upcoming exams!
