Because of the prescription of time, unfortunately, the early history of Moscow has been lost for us. In this regard, no one has been able to give a clear explanation of what event or circumstance is associated with the foundation of Moscow. There is also no answer for what reason the capital was built on this place, and not in any other place in Great Russia.
In addition, the year of foundation of Moscow is not known for certain. Presumably according to the "Pantheon of Russian Sovereigns", Moscow was founded in 880, at the end of the ninth century. According to historical data, it was in this year that Oleg, who was not yet the guardian of Igor's throne, but was just the Prince of Urmansk, came to the Moscow River, then called Smorodina or Samorodinka. Here, at the mouth of the Neglinnaya River, he founded a town, which was named after the river - Moscow. After that, for more than two and a half centuries, or rather 267 years, nothing was known about Moscow.
For the first time it was mentioned on the pages of the Ipatiev Chronicle in 1147. This year, the meeting of the Suzdal prince Yuri Dolgoruky with his ally, the Novgorod-Seversky prince Svyatoslav Olgovich, took place here. It should be noted that for a long time the foundation of Moscowattributed to this year. Then Moscow was a small settlement owned by a rich and famous man, Stepan Ivanovich Kuchko, and it was called Kuchkov.
Historical documents state that Stepan Kuchko's house at that time was located near the modern Chistye Prudy, and an impenetrable dense forest was noisy on the site of the Kremlin. In total, at that time there were six Kuchkov villages: Vorobyevo, Vysotskoye, Kudrino, Kulishki, Simonovo and Sushchevo. There is an assumption that Stepan Kuchko was originally from Novgorod, since his name is quite common in connection with the mention of the Novgorod zemstvo.
The founding of Moscow, the date of which is still unknown, despite the fact that the 850th anniversary was celebrated in 1997, causes a lot of controversy among historians. Even the name of the Russian capital - "Moscow" causes discussions among specialists. There are many versions. The main one is the name given from the river that flowed in this place.
According to linguists, in ancient times there was a Slavic word that had the root “mosk”, which means “viscous, boggy”. In Russian speech, words with this root include “moskot”, which has derivatives “moskotilnye” (wet). That is why it is said about "brainy", "dank" weather. According to this version, the name "Moscow", which was the original "Mosk", comes from the Old Slavic word for "moisture".
Despite the fact that there are no reliable data on such an event as the foundation of Moscow, they are successfully compensated bya lot of folded legends, which are both popular and not very, truthful and bear little resemblance to the truth. There are eight main legends describing the founding of Moscow. About some, more plausible, we told above, others remain a mystery for many generations in the future. However, in spite of everything, a small town, once founded at the mouth of the river, was able to grow to a gigantic scale.
