Suvorov Alexander Vasilyevich is the most famous commander in the entire Russian military history. All the fights and battles he conducted, and there are about six dozen of them, ended in victory. After the death of Suvorov, his followers, inspired by the military successes of their mentor, also became famous figures, the most famous among them are P. Rumyantsev, M. Kutuzov, P. Bagration, M. Miloradovich, M. Platov, M. Dragomirov and many other well-known Russian military who held high positions. The name of Suvorov has been and will remain a symbol of honor, valor and glory of the Russian army.
Biography
Commander Suvorov was brought up in a military family, his father, Vasily Ivanovich Suvorov, was General-in-Chief and Commander of the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky. Already at the age of 13, little Alexander was enlisted as a soldier in the Semyonovsky regiment, and his training took place in the Land Cadet Corps. But the father remained the main thing for the development of the future brilliant commander,who also personally trained his son.
First fights
Suvorov's biography, a summary of which shows how much the young man strove to learn all the features of military affairs, shows that even a person with poor he alth managed to achieve honor and respect. The gifted young man spent all his time studying military history, engineering and artillery. With exemplary service and diligence, young Suvorov managed to independently move up the career ladder and achieve new ranks. At first, the future Generalissimo served in junior positions, and in 1754 he was appointed to the position of an officer in the Ingermanland Infantry Regiment.
Suvorov's exploits began as soon as he started fighting. He received his first military experience during the Seven Years' War. Later, he took part in the Battle of Zirndorf, in the famous battle of Kunersdorf and in the capture of the Kolberg fortress.
Promotion
After the first successful battles, Suvorov became the owner of the post of colonel in 1762. He was appointed commander in the Astrakhan infantry regiment, and a little later, in 1763, he also became commander in the Suzdal infantry regiment.
For six years of his work in these regiments, he created his own individual training system for future military men. In his studies, the Russian commander Suvorov combined intense combat training with a respectful attitude towards his subordinates. The motto of the then colonel was “Eye, speed, onslaught.”
At the time of receiptFrom his first commanding experience, the colonel, who would become a famous commander, managed to create his own approach, combining reason and eccentricity, commanding rigor and drill with a human attitude towards ordinary soldiers, unpretentiousness with education.
Polish battle
In the period from 1768 to 1772, Suvorov with his Suzdal regiment was in Poland, where the Russian military fought against the Confederates. Once on the territory of Poland, the colonel set himself the task of stopping the rebellions aimed at overthrowing the then king of the Commonwe alth in order to establish a peaceful situation on Polish lands.
Alexander Vasilyevich considered the Poles a friendly people and made sure that physical force was not used against them in any way, but on the contrary, that there was a respectful attitude towards the local residents. With skillful leadership and correct tactics, the colonel managed to ensure security in most of the Polish territory. Suvorov's biography proves that he was an absolute expert in his field, and the number of awards he received only confirms this. The first in a series of orders of Suvorov was the award he received precisely after the Polish campaign. It was the Order of St. George of the 3rd degree, although he was en titled to the 4th degree by status.
Under the command of Rumyantsev
Returning to Russia, Suvorov sought to go to fight in Turkey, but Catherine II decided that it would be more rational to send a young promising military man to Finland on the Russian-Swedish border in order to study the military-politicalsituation and state of defense.
In 1773, Alexander Vasilievich was assigned to the 1st army of Peter Rumyantsev, which operated on the Danube. For two months, he actively took part in military raids, in one of which he decided to act on his own, despite the commander’s ban, and took Turtukay.
Count Pyotr Rumyantsev wanted to punish the young wayward general. But Catherine II opposed such measures, decided, on the contrary, to reward the brave military man and awarded him a new order, this time it was St. George of the 2nd degree.
Turkish and Pugachev uprisings
In the autumn of 1773, commander Suvorov was appointed commander of the defense of Girsovo, where he managed to win back positions and push Turkish troops back from the city. Six months later, in June 1774, Alexander Vasilyevich, in collaboration with General Mikhail Fedotovich Kamensky, fought at Kozludzha, where they managed to defeat the 40,000th Turkish army. Despite the fact that both military men did not have any sympathy for each other, and their relationship was strained, they managed to act amicably and harmoniously.
A month later, on July 10, the position of the Russian army in the war was consolidated thanks to the signing of the Kyuchuk-Kainarji peace. The golden sword encrusted with diamonds became the award that Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov received in honor of such an event.
A brief biography of the commander shows that there were no periods of calm in his life, he spent all his time on the battlefield. Already in August of the sameSuvorov was sent by Catherine II to suppress the Pugachev rebellion. Soon he obeyed the order of the queen and went to fight, but by the time Alexander Vasilyevich arrived, the troops of Pyotr Ivanovich Panin had already struck Pugachev's army, and the only thing left for the young military man was to escort the prisoner to Simbirsk.
1774-1786
Suvorov's exploits during this period are very significant. At this time, he was in command of the armies located in the south of Russia. Thus, he helped Count Potemkin, who was engaged in strengthening the newly acquired territories.
Alexander Vasilyevich was engaged in the creation of a fortified line in the Kuban and the improvement of the Crimean defense. In 1778, thanks to the skillful command of the brilliant military, the landing of Turkish troops in one of the Odessa bays was prevented.
During this period, he was promoted to general-in-chief and awarded two major orders: St. Alexander Nevsky, St. Vladimir, 1st degree.
Continuation of the Turkish campaign
Alexander Suvorov, whose biography shows that there were no obstacles for him on the way to achieving his goal, entered the battle with Turkish troops at the age of 56. But it was here that he managed to show all his genius as a commander. Despite his advancing years, the great commander managed to maintain the excitement and courage that will help him on the path to victory. When the battles began, the commander was given command of the 30,000th army that defended the coast.in the Kherson-Kinburn region. He defeated a large enemy army, the Turkish fleet on the Kinburn Spit and completely destroyed the enemy boards. The main reason for the victory was that the commander Suvorov was at the head of the army. The biography of this great man proves that even at an age when people prefer to stay out of the war, Suvorov continued to win.
It is noteworthy that after this battle, Alexander Vasilyevich was awarded at the request of Count Potemkin himself. In his petition to Catherine, the count indicated that he was ready to give him his order, if only he would receive the highest military award - St. Andrew the First-Called.
Wound near Ochakovo
In 1788, Suvorov became a member of the Yekaterinoslav army under the command of Potemkin, which during this period was engaged in the siege of Ochakov. The capture of this area was very slow, and Alexander Suvorov compared this siege with the capture of Troy. In one of the sorties, the commander was seriously wounded and forced to leave military service for several months.
In 1789, Alexander Vasilyevich returned to active participation in the hostilities of the army of Potemkin, who by this time already commanded the united army, and became the head of Repin's troops, who were in Bessarabia and Moldova.
Suvorov's biography has many victories. Another of them took place on July 21, when the brilliant commander, with the support of the Austrian allies, de alt a crushing blow to the army of Osamn Pasha in Focsani.
Almost a month later, on September 11, Generalissimo Suvorov succeeded, commanding the Russian-Austrian troops,defeat the Turkish troops, which outnumbered him four times. This victory only once again showed how brilliant a commander Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov was. A brief biography of the commander also tells about brilliant tactics. The Russian-Austrian army, which was under his command, advanced in two columns at once, the Russian general-in-chief led the first, and the Austrian prince led the second.
For this victory on the Rymnik River, the commander received the Order of St. George of the 1st degree and was honored to be called the Count of Rymnik. A further biography of Suvorov the commander, briefly describing even some of his personal habits, tells that in all his subsequent battles, his favorite cross, George of Rymnik, could be seen on his neck.
Storm of the fortress in Izmail
In the autumn of 1790, Potemkin ordered Suvorov to go to Izmail and start preparing to storm the fortress. At the disposal of the commander was a 35,000-strong army and fortifications built according to the designs of French engineers. It took Alexander Vasilyevich just two weeks to prepare for the assault, and already on December 11, thanks to the well-coordinated work of the Suvorov army, the Turkish monastery fell.
Suvorov's biography is full of a lot of information regarding this battle, only one detail remains unclear. After such a feat, the commander was awarded another title - lieutenant colonel of the Life Guards, and an engraving was also stamped in his honor, which depicted a profileSuvorov. Despite the fact that Alexander Vasilyevich was awarded such high praise from the tsarina, disputes still do not subside why the commander did not become the owner of the field marshal rank, because the heroic capture of the Izmail fortress to a large extent depended on him. Most chroniclers believe that Count Potemkin decided to leave his best general in the shadows, and instead of him get glory and regalia.
Despite such unconfirmed information, Suvorov was very saddened by the death of his mentor and teacher in military affairs, which occurred just a year later. After all, Alexander Vasilyevich was for him a person with remarkable state abilities, which the commander respected very much.
This victory brought Suvorov not only an appointment to a new rank, but also honor and respect far beyond Russia. This assault was an excellent example of a quickly prepared attack on the enemy fortress, which was carried out not only by ground forces, but also by a river flotilla.
After the end of the Turkish campaign
Suvorov Alexander Vasilievich, whose biography is interesting even to people who are not related to military affairs, and did not leave his post at an advanced age. After the end was put in the war with Turkey, Alexander Vasilyevich took over the command of formations in Finland and southern Russia, and was engaged in the creation of border fortifications.
Later in 1794, when Suvorov was already 64 years old, the Empress sent him to Poland to curb the uprising underby Tadeusz Kosciuszko. The Empress had pinned all her hopes on him, and she was right. The brilliant commander managed to win once again, he took Warsaw. What is important in this battle, Alexander Vasilyevich acted decisively, but made sure that civilians remained safe. After such a victory, he was granted the rank of Field Marshal.
Legacy
Commander Suvorov, whose photo for obvious reasons does not exist, was captured in several portraits, in which you can see a man of a fragile physique, but with an aristocratic posture.
For future generations, he wrote a book called "The Science of Victory", in which he summarized all his experience related to military affairs. Suvorov was an ardent opponent of the orders imposed in the Russian army by Paul I, which he did not hide. For his harsh remarks about such actions, he was dismissed in February 1797. For the next two years, he lived on an estate in the Novgorod province.
Return to service
Suvorov Alexander Vasilyevich, whose biography as a commander, it would seem, was completed, was nevertheless appointed commander-in-chief of the Russian troops heading to Italy. He once again managed to defeat the enemy, this time it was the French army, and liberate Northern Italy from it. The commander was forced to go to Switzerland, where he managed to defeat the enemy in the incredible conditions of the snowy Alps. After the victory won with such difficulty, the greatthe commander was assigned a new rank, now he was called Generalissimo Alexander Suvorov.
The brief biography of the commander also indicates that he had another goal - Paris, which he, however, failed to reach.
Death
Such difficult campaigns turned out to be detrimental to the he alth of the great generalissimo, which was broken by long transitions, climate changes. In addition, age also affected, of course. As soon as he returned to St. Petersburg, Suvorov Alexander Vasilievich fell ill and soon died. The ashes of the brilliant commander rest in the Alexander Nevsky Lavra.
The entire biography of Suvorov demonstrates to subsequent younger generations how heroic and courageous human actions and decisions can be. Generalissimo Suvorov Alexander Vasilyevich not only helped the Russian army achieve many victories, he also became the author of a number of improvements in the conduct of battle, creating a variety of techniques and maneuvers aimed at defeating the enemy as soon as possible with minimal losses. It is impossible to underestimate his achievements, because they influenced the course of the entire world history, and without them the modern political map of the world would look completely different.
