In modern politics, a consul is an official who is a representative of his state in another region. This diplomat performs a number of functions to protect the political, economic and legal interests of his country. In this publication, we will talk in detail about what a consul is using the example of Ancient Rome.
Power in Ancient Rome
In order to understand what a consul was in ancient Rome, it is necessary to consider the system of government. The Republican period was characterized by a combination of aristocratic and democratic features.
The main organs of power at that time were popular assemblies (which were convened only by order of senior officials), the senate and magistracies. The senate played a significant role in the life of the state. This body was deliberative in nature. In addition, he had foreign policy powers and performed a controlling function. Also at his disposal was the treasury of Rome.
Roman magistracies are public offices. They were elected by the people's assembly (with the exception of dictators). Positionthe consul was one of these magistracies. This person, along with the dictator and praetors, had the so-called supreme power. The consul had a "great imperium". This official had the right to impose death sentences. Republican Rome had 2 consuls. Each of them performed the same functions.
So, let's consider what a consul is in more detail.
The Power of the Consul in Ancient Rome
In ancient Rome during the Republic, the consul performed the following functions:
- Death sentence. This decision of the consul could be appealed by the people's assembly in only one case. The death sentence could have been overturned if it had been passed outside of Rome.
- Consuls led the entire Roman magistracy system.
- Had military powers. The consuls led the army, elected commanders and distributed booty.
- Has the highest civil authority.
- During hostilities, the Senate could grant them unlimited powers.
In ancient Rome, consuls were elected for one year, that is, their position was ordinary. Special assistants, quaestors, were attached to these persons.
Consuls in modern politics
In modern politics, a consul is a person in the diplomatic service. He represents the interests of his state in another country or city. For example, the US consul in Russia defends America's political and economic interests. Its function is to facilitate the establishment of links betweenstates, issuing visas and passports to citizens of the country whose interests he represents.
A consulate is a special institution located on the territory of another state (with its consent) to perform certain functions.
