History

It is necessary to answer questions about what the Civil War is, why the "Reds" won, not only because this is one of the most striking and tragic pages in the history of our Motherland, but also because the reasons for the confrontations and victories are necessary study carefully in order to learn how to prevail in any battle or in time to prevent the growing indignation of the masses. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

In October 1905, the Russian Empire proclaimed a new state order as a manifesto. The convocation of the State Duma was announced, for seats in which the newly created parties could compete. Until that moment, they were outside the law in Russia. Progressives were among the party structures that formed after this historic document. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The revolutionary events of October 1917, rapidly developing, demanded clear action from the leaders. In the most difficult conditions of confrontation and struggle between different political forces, the Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets adopted and approved by decree a decision to create a distribution body, called the Council of People's Commissars. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Duchy of Warsaw existed in 1807–1815. It was created by Napoleon, and although formally considered independent, in fact it was a satellite of France. In the event of a victory over Russia, Bonaparte was going to transform it into a kingdom, but these plans were not destined to come true. After the defeat of France from the allied countries, the Duchy of Warsaw was divided among its neighbors: Austria, Prussia and Russia. Last modified: 2025-06-01 07:06

The German Confederation was created in 1815 by decision of the Congress of Vienna and became an alternative to the dissolved Holy Roman Empire. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The North German Confederation was formed over two hundred and fifty years ago and played a decisive role in the formation of the German nation. The process of the emergence of state education was a completely logical conclusion to the era of feudalism and the formation of bourgeois capitalism. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Habsburg dynasty has been known since the 13th century, when its representatives owned Austria. And from the middle of the 15th century to the beginning of the 19th century, they completely retained the title of emperors of the Holy Roman Empire, being the most powerful monarchs of the continent. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Everyone knows that in Russia there was such a thing as "court rank". However, few people know what the meaning of this phrase is, when it appeared and what these very court ranks were. The article describes in detail what it is, describes their types and differences. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The history of Tsarist Russia is not just a period, knowledge of which is necessary only for general development, but a whole milestone that carries a lot of initial data for events that take place in the modern world. For every person living in our country, the details that this important historical era carries in itself are interesting. The photos in which she is captured contain a lot of information about the life of that time, and the study of coins, buttons and awards will help you to feel our history even deeper. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Everyone who is interested in the history of the Russian state, sooner or later, had to deal with anecdotes that some decrees of Peter 1 have turned into today. XVII - early XVIII centuries, as they say, upside down. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The States General were established by the French King Philip IV in 1302. This was done in order to gain support in the face of influential estates to fight against Pope Boniface VIII. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article tells about the history of the Arctic sea convoys that delivered supplies from the allied countries to the northern ports of our Motherland during the war years. A brief overview of the history of the dispatch of the first convoy, called "Dervish", is also given. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Joachim Murat - marshal and associate of Napoleon - a man of insane courage, ready to sacrifice himself to save his comrades, won the love and reverence of his subordinates. He was their idol. Napoleon, loving him, believed that he brought him success and did everything he could for him. He said that this man was brave only at the sight of the enemy, and in the office he was a simple braggart and insane. Last modified: 2025-06-01 07:06

General Georgy Fedorovich Zakharov is one of the most educated military leaders of the Red Army. By the time the Great Patriotic War began, he already had vast experience in serving and participating in battles. He commanded companies, battalions, regiments, fronts, armies and military districts. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Marc Fabius Quintilian (35 - c. 100 AD) is known to everyone who has at least once encountered rhetoric and oratory. He was the first Roman theoretician who received a salary for his achievements, and subsequently won the fame of a great orator. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Lumiere brothers are people whose names are shrouded in so many legends and tales that it is very difficult to figure out where is truth and where is fiction. But we'll try. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Tributes (tribute, mistress, polyudie, lesson or dues, wreath, honor and wagon) are monetary taxes levied on the dependent population of Russia until the middle of the 19th century. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

There are people whose fate is tied to a single star. Having chosen the path in childhood, they continue to follow it until their death. The American Douglas MacArthur is one of them. Being the son of a military man, he connected his fate with the war, having spent most of his conscious life on the world fronts and having reached the highest rank - "general of the army". Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Many mistakenly believe that institutions like the Institutes of Noble Maidens have sunk into oblivion. In fact, these boarding houses to this day carry out training activities in different countries. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The sewing machine everyone knows as the "Singer" was not actually invented by Isaac Merritt Singer, as many believe. This man only improved the existing invention and gave him his name, and all thanks to his one talent - to design. Interestingly, the designer himself was poorly educated and even had difficulty writing and counting. And there are simply incredible legends about his love affairs, one of which is that Singer has more than twenty children from different marriages. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Vladimir Lenin was a world-class politician. He managed to create a completely new state. On the one hand, he was able to win a political and triumphant victory. On the other hand, historically Lenin found himself in the camp of the losers. After all, his work, based on the principles of violence, was initially doomed. Despite this, it was Vladimir Ulyanov who determined the vector of development of world history in the twentieth century. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

On December 25, 1991, the last President of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev, spoke on central television. He announced his resignation. At 19:38 Moscow time, the flag of the USSR was lowered from the Kremlin and after almost 70 years of existence, the Soviet Union disappeared forever from the political map of the world. A new era has begun. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Correspondence of Tsar Ivan the Terrible with Prince Andrei Kurbsky is a unique monument of Russian medieval journalism. It is a valuable source of information about the socio-political structure of the Moscow state of the XVI century, about its ideology and culture. In addition, the letters reveal the character of Ivan IV, his worldview and psychological make-up are manifested - extremely important factors for studying the history of autocratic rule. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Maria Cantemir is considered the last mistress of Peter the Great. Her romance with the autocrat fell on 1722-1725. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Great Patriotic War showed the degree of heroism, courage, patriotism of the Soviet soldier. One of them is the prototype of the movie hero from the movie "Only Old Men Go to Battle" - military pilot Nikolai Markelov. A native of the Altai Territory, who lived in Kazakhstan, fought on four fronts, became a Hero of the Soviet Union. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Kardashian family is now known to almost every resident of the United States thanks to the super-popular reality show of the same name, which is shown on the E! for more than 7 years and beats all records for views. However, she became famous long before that, back in the mid-90s. It was then that the head of the family, Robert Kardashian, became famous as a lawyer who saved the famous athlete and actor O.J. Simpson, who was accused of a double murder, from the death pen alty. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The beginning of modern times falls on the 20th century. This era, according to many historians, is one of the most controversial. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

If history consisted of a simple listing of events, even then there would be a mechanism for ordering and rules for storing this data. However, historical science has a much more important mission - to investigate, interpret, and determine the connection between various events. After all, everything in history has its own specific causes and entails certain consequences. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The history of tea is full of legends, mysteries and controversial facts. China is considered the birthplace of the plant, where it was grown already in the fifth millennium BC. Here it began to be used first as an antidote, and then the drink became fashionable among aristocrats. Therefore, they say that the history of Chinese tea is the longest. However, the fact that the first plants were known here is not a reliable fact. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Once upon a time, many boys dreamed of becoming commanders. Brave, smart, able to make decisions and lead. Of course, to a large extent, these dreams were stimulated by the way the military was described by the press and literature. In those days, every student knew the names of the marshals of the Soviet Union! It is worth remembering what these people did, whom many sought to imitate. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The medieval knight is one of the most romantic and embellished figures in human history. Hollywood films, historical novels, and more recently, computer games depict us with a very colorful and charming warrior, in shining armor, galloping into the distance, from time to time fighting with the same noble and honest opponents or without any problems defeating gangs that are certainly vile and unpleasant. robbers. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The British Empire - what kind of state is this? This is a power that included Great Britain and numerous colonies. The most extensive empire of all that has ever existed on our planet. In the old days, the territory of the British Empire occupied one quarter of the entire earth's land. True, almost a hundred years have passed since then. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Elena Glinskaya carried out two major reforms (monetary and lip). They markedly changed the life of Russia in the 16th century. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Kingdom of Qin in the history of ancient China took a special place. His prince, having conquered neighbors who were mired in internecine strife, created a single state. This commander was a Qin wang named Ying Zheng, who became famous as the first Chinese emperor, Qin Shi Huang. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

In the second half of the 19th century, the question that the first car would soon appear was already resolved. It remained only unclear who would be the first in his invention. At the same time, several innovators were working in this direction. Some of them managed to get patents for their inventions in the same year. Who is considered the officially recognized creator of the car? This article is about Karl Benz. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Woodrow Wilson - 28th President of the United States, who held this position from 1913-1921. During his tenure in the White House, World War I fell. Wilson stood at the origins of the system of international relations established after the defeat of Germany. He is also known as a doctor of science and a political theorist. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

In 1946, a boy was born in the Swedish city of Stockholm. His family belonged to an ancient royal dynasty. During his reign, Charles managed to gain fame as a sensitive and cheerful ruler. In the memory of the Swedes, he will long remain a king who, to everyone's surprise, did not know how to read at all. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The mysterious Queen Tamara is one of the unique women in world history who determined the further spiritual development of her people. After her reign, the best cultural values and architectural monuments remained. Fair, honest and wise, she established a firm political position for her country in Asia Minor, conquering territories that do not belong to present-day Georgia. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Who is the Marquis de Lafayette? This man was one of the most famous political figures in France. The history of the marquis is the history of three revolutions. The first is the American War of Independence, the second is the French Revolution, and the third is the July 1830 Revolution. In all these events, Lafayette was directly involved. A brief biography of the Marquis de Lafayette and will be discussed in our article. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The phenomenon of periodization in world art criticism, history and cultural studies is one of the fundamental ones. A true system of systems to face eternity itself. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01