The complexity and variability of the general and particular tasks of professional activity that arise before the teacher makes it necessary to use a variety of methods of education. Methodology answers the question of how to successfully use this tool
Science 2024, November
Priority areas of application of cohort epidemiological studies are rarely occurring prerequisites for the onset of diseases, various consequences of the cause of the pathology identified in the course of one analysis. Such studies are the shortest way to identify the etiology of pathologies and quantitative risk analysis. Consider the features of cohort studies, examples and types
Society is developing rapidly these days. This leads to the emergence of new positions, a significant increase in the number of social movements, their speed and frequency
In the body of a he althy adult representative of the human race, over 10 thousand species of microorganisms live, and their total mass is from 1 to 3 percent of the total weight of a person. Some microscopic creatures use organic matter as food. Among them, decay bacteria occupy a significant place. They destroy the remains of the dead bodies of animals and plants, feeding on this matter
Cicadas never cease to amaze people with their loud singing, bright colors and large size. In addition, they have an unusual life cycle, reaching a duration of more than 17 years. The mass emergence of adults from the nymph stage is impressive. The apparatus of song cicadas, which reproduces sound, is considered the most complex among insects
The constellation Aquarius is a dim celestial pattern, but it is worthy of attention. It is not easy to notice it in the sky, however, when studying the constellation through a telescope, amazing secrets and beauties of the Universe are revealed
Protein is the basis of cell and body life. Performing a huge number of functions in living tissues, it implements its main capabilities: growth, vital activity, movement and reproduction. In this case, the cell itself synthesizes a protein, the monomer of which is an amino acid
Precipitation is the creation of a solid from a solution. Initially, the reaction occurs in a liquid state, after which a certain substance is formed, which is called the "precipitate". The chemical component that causes its formation has such a scientific term as "precipitator". Without enough gravity (settling) to bring the hard particles together, the sediment remains in suspension
The history of the fatherland or the biography of a historical person can be studied not only from textbooks, but also from sources of personal origin. What is it? You will learn about this in our article, and we will also tell you about the various types and classifications of this phenomenon
Today, it is quite obvious that only with the development of innovative technologies will Russia be able to take its rightful place in the global economic market. This will also allow our state to restore and maintain the status of a great power
The eukaryotic cell, which appeared on the planet about 2.6 billion years ago, became the most important biological evolutionary event in the history of the Earth. It was this type of cell that gave impetus to further evolutionary development, which gave rise to an unimaginable variety of species and forms of life. Largely thanks to eukaryotes, the planet took on the biological appearance that we are seeing now
Morphophysiological progress is the improvement of the organization of a living system, expressed in the complication of the structure and functions of its body. One of the most important results of selection action is adaptive acquisitions. Some of them turn out to be very large and significant under certain conditions - these are aromorphoses. They can be considered separate stages of morphophysiological progress (arogenesis)
In our article we will consider a comparison of plant and animal cells. These structures, despite the unity of origin, have significant differences
The plant cell is the smallest living structure of the body, it feeds, breathes, reacts to stimuli, grows, multiplies, and the cytoplasm and organelles immersed in it take part in metabolism
Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov compares science with construction, where knowledge, like building blocks, creates the construction of theories. So the cell theory with its founders - Schleiden and Schwann - is shared by many naturalists and scientists, their followers. One of the creators of the theory of the cellular structure of organisms R. Virchow once said: "Schwann stood on the shoulders of Schleiden." It is about the joint work and the cellular theory of Schleiden and Schwann that will be discussed in this article
Cell culture is the process of growing cells under controlled conditions, usually outside of their natural environment. Once cells of interest have been isolated from living tissue, they can subsequently be maintained under carefully controlled conditions. Tissue culture is the cultivation of tissues separated from the body. It is usually facilitated by the use of a liquid, semi-solid, or solid growth medium such as broth or agar
Tissue culture method: description of the process, the history of the development of this technology research, the types of materials used. Creation of necessary conditions. Advantages and disadvantages of this method. Application in biology, pharmaceuticals, physiology
Kostroma is a famous city, one of the pearls of the Golden Ring of Russia. Here are ancient monuments of antiquity, the spirit of the XVII-XVIII centuries has been preserved. The population of Kostroma is 277 thousand inhabitants and is growing every year
Mode means order, control. This term is used to denote order in many areas of human activity, as well as in the nature around us. One example of this is the river regime. But if in everyday life a person adheres to a certain routine, then in the regime of the river he often takes an observational position - states the fluctuations that occur in the life of the river, and only in some cases can intervene in the regime of the watercourse in order to change it
All living organisms on Earth were originally historically divided into the animal kingdom and the plant kingdom. Then it was decided to isolate fungi, bacteria and viruses into an independent kingdom. After some time, protists, archaea and chromists took shape as an independent kingdom
In demographics, the human population is the total number of people currently living. As of November 2018, it is estimated to have reached 7.7 billion people. It took over 200,000 years of human history for the world's population to reach 1 billion, and only 200 years longer to reach 7 billion
The Permian extinction was one of the biggest catastrophes in the long history of the Earth. The biosphere of the planet has lost almost all marine animals and more than 70% of terrestrial representatives. Have scientists been able to understand the causes of extinction and assess its consequences? What theories have been put forward and can they be trusted?
Despite their intimidating appearance, dinosaurs were not viviparous. Like most modern reptiles, they laid eggs. What did a dinosaur egg look like? Let's talk about it in a short article
The most popular themes of the media and modern cinema are variations on the theme of the end of the world, the apocalypse and global catastrophes. To understand what excites the modern layman, it is enough to turn on the TV or watch the rating of popular films. In the first place are films about global catastrophes that threaten the extinction of life on the planet. In the cinema, of course, everything ends with the victory of mankind. But what are the endings of these scenarios in the works of scientists?
Today we will talk about what a vacuole is. This is another component of the cell, that is, an organoid. An organoid, or organelle, is the particles that make up cells, the latter, in turn, are the puzzles of everything that surrounds us
The structure of the fungus, nutritional features, signs of similarities and differences with other living organisms. Classification of fungi, cell structure. Hat mushrooms, structural features of the fruiting body and mycelium
Ivan Petrovich Pavlov is a Nobel Prize winner and a world-renowned scientific authority. Being a talented scientist, he made a significant contribution to the development of psychology and physiology
Clusters of stars used to be called constellations. So, about 5 thousand years ago, people began to single out the brightest night luminaries in the night sky and combine them into groups. Now humanity is using modern technologies to study, which were not there before
The word "destruction" has Latin roots. Literally, this concept means "destruction". Actually, in a broad sense, destruction is a violation of the integrity, normal structure or destruction
Social anthropology belongs to a series of sciences about the process of human development. She studies the evolution of society, as well as the stage at which modern people are
Relationships between organisms in nature are diverse. From cooperation to competition. But to understand the world around us is possible only after studying the largest types of relationships
The origin of the Universe, the surrounding world, human civilization - all these questions have worried people since ancient times. Philosophers, theologians, scientists, and even ordinary citizens have put forward many hypotheses about the origin of our Galaxy, but none of them can still be considered scientifically proven
Global evolutionism and the modern scientific picture of the world is a topic that many researchers have devoted their works to. Currently, it is becoming more and more popular, as it addresses the most important issues of science. The concept of global (universal) evolutionism suggests that the structure of the world is being consistently improved
Absolutely black body does not exist in nature. This is a physical model. However, there are many objects that, in terms of radiation characteristics, are very similar to a black body. The model itself helped discover new laws in thermodynamics and create the first theories of quantum physics
It is currently accepted that an alkaloid is a cyclic compound containing one or more nitrogen atoms in the ring or side chain, and by its chemical nature exhibiting the properties of a weak alkali, like ammonia. Previously, it was said about the definition of these substances as derivatives of the nitrogenous base of pyridine. However, later a number of compounds of this group were discovered, which showed that such an interpretation is not entirely correct and does not cover the entire variety of alkaloids
What are halogens? These are the chemical elements of the 17th group of the periodic table, corresponding to the main subgroup of group VII according to the old classification. Their chemical properties are numerous, since they react with almost all simple substances, with the exception of some non-metals. Plus, they are energetic oxidizers. But in fact, much more can be said about halogens and their properties
Dmitri Mendeleev is best known as a legendary chemist. However, the biography of the scientist is associated with many discoveries related to various scientific disciplines
Chemists have made a huge contribution to the development of science. The works of each of them are significant and important for the modern world. What kind of discoveries were made by scientists in the field of chemical research, the article will tell
Who created a glass cone with metal hairs inside - an electric light bulb? It is not easy to answer this question. After all, this invention is associated with dozens of scientists
Philosophy is one of the greatest sciences of modern mankind. It is thanks to her that knowledge about the being and nature of things is formulated. Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that studies knowledge as such