Zinc (Zn) is a chemical element belonging to the group of alkaline earth metals. In the periodic table, Mendeleev is located at number 30, which means that the charge of the atomic nucleus, the number of electrons and protons is also 30. Zinc is in the side II group of the IV period. By the group number, you can determine the number of atoms that are on its valence or external energy level - respectively, 2.
Zinc as a typical alkali metal
Zinc is a typical representative of metals, in its normal state it has a bluish-gray color, it is easily oxidized in air, acquiring an oxide film (ZnO) on the surface.
As a typical amphoteric metal, zinc interacts with atmospheric oxygen: 2Zn+O2=2ZnO - without temperature, with the formation of an oxide film. When heated, a white powder forms.
The oxide itself reacts with acids to form s alt and water:
2ZnO+2HCl=ZnCl2+H2O.
With acid solutions. If zinc is of ordinary purity, then the reaction equation for HCl Zn is below.
Zn+2HCl=ZnCl2+H2↑ - molecular reaction equation.
Zn (charge 0)+ 2H (charge +) + 2Cl (charge -)=Zn (charge +2) + 2Cl (charge -) + 2H (charge 0) - complete Zn HCl ionic reaction equation.
Zn + 2H(+)=Zn(2+) +H2 - S. I. U. (abbreviated ionic reaction equation).
Reaction of zinc with hydrochloric acid
This HCl Zn reaction equation belongs to the redox type. This can be proved by the fact that the charge of Zn and H2 changed during the reaction, a qualitative manifestation of the reaction was observed, and the presence of an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent was observed.
In this case, H2 is an oxidizing agent, since s. about. hydrogen before the start of the reaction was "+", and after it became "0". He participated in the reduction process, donating 2 electrons.
Zn is a reducing agent, it participates in oxidation, accepting 2 electrons, increasing the s.d. (oxidation state).
This is also a substitution reaction. During it, 2 substances participated, simple Zn and complex - HCl. As a result of the reaction, 2 new substances were formed, as well as one simple - H2 and one complex - ZnCl2. Since Zn is located in the activity series of metals before H2, it displaced it from the substance that reacted with it.
