If a child is a student, then from time to time, studying literature, he is faced with the need to analyze a poem. Sometimes adults need it too. For example, a friend, an amateur poet, asked to read his new creation on the blog and write a review. In order not to offend him with a soulless reply - OK, it's better to spend a little time, understand the theory of poetry together with your student and begin to form your own poetic preferences, having received a starting point. Although it is not easy, but friendship and parental love are worth it! Maybe later you want to become an amateur critic and make your own blog.
When analyzing a poem, firstly, you need to know its full and correct title, read about the author, what time he lived, what literary direction his work belongs to, what topics were of interestpita and why. Secondly, to tell about how this particular poem was created, its history and to whom the poet dedicated it. Thirdly, name the idea, topic and highlight the main idea, and all theoretical information must be confirmed with quotes and key words. And, finally, analyze the artistic means, epithets, hyperbole, comparisons inherent in this poetic work. Determine the poetic size and characterize the rhymes. If it is necessary to make a comparative analysis of poems, then it is done in parallel, characterizing both works in all of the above aspects.
In the period preceding the emergence of writing, each nation had works that were retold to each other orally. The people themselves gave them a special form, such that it was better to remember. The ability of poetry to remain in a person's memory for a long time, unlike prose, is their important and undeniable dignity and property. The analysis of the poem includes revealing the secret of this property. He kind of reveals the poet's workshop, what poetic means he used when creating a poem, how he combined them.
What makes a poem "not prose"? First, poetry is distinguished by the fact that it has a rhythm. Stressed syllables alternate with unstressed ones, forming a certain rhythmic pattern. The unit of this ornament is the foot. A foot is not a syllable, it is a group of syllables, they are united by one stress for all. It can include from two to four syllables.
Let's compare:“Z ayats b ely, k yyes be gal?” The alternation is as follows: |_ |_ |_ the first stressed syllable alternates with one unstressed syllable. The foot consists of two syllables - one stressed, the other unstressed. In Russian versification, such a two-syllable meter is called a trochee.
Now let's say the same thing in prose: B ely z ayats, kud ayou begal? Alternation: |_|_|_|_ the first stressed syllable, then unstressed, stressed again and two unstressed… In general, the ornament does not work. The stress does not obey the rhythm, the foot does not form, there are no identical repetitions.
The foot is the smallest unit of a verse. A verse is a single line of poetry. The number of feet in it is taken into account when determining the size, making an analysis of the verse.
Russian classical poetic meters include trochee and iambic, the foot of which consists of two syllables. As well as anapaest, amphibrach and dactyl, in these sizes the foot contains three syllables.
Of course, in order to analyze a poem, you need, if not to love poetry, then at least to understand it a little, to have a literary taste and intuition. Often even professional writers and critics come to a dead end and do not know how to explain this or that poetic image. Poetry is written in a complex language, so it needs to be commented on, but it is impossible to fully understand the poetic image. There will definitely remain a mystery and magic that will make your heart freeze from beauty and delight.
