Pavel Ivanovich Belyaev - cosmonaut, Hero of the USSR. He was awarded honorary awards and commemorative signs: the Orders of the Red Star, Lenin, the medal to them. Tsiolkovsky, foreign medals and orders.
Cosmonaut Belyaev, whose photo can be seen in this article, is the Hero of Labor of Mongolia and Vietnam. He became the only cosmonaut from the Vologda region. Supervised the first man (A. Leonov) spacewalk.
Short biography
Cosmonaut Belyaev Pavel Ivanovich was born on the twenty-sixth of June 1925 in the village of Chelishchevo, Rospyatinsky district (now it is the Vologda region). He graduated from high school in 1942 and went to work as a turner at the Sinar Pipe Plant. In 1943 he volunteered for the Red Army. He was sent to study at the Sarapul Aviation School.
During his studies, the future cosmonaut got acquainted with the aircraft UT-2, PO-2. They practiced the first skills. In 1944, as an excellent student in political and combat training, he was sent to the Yeisk School, where he mastered the profession of a naval pilot. Now in the Star City Museum there is a characteristic of Belyaev, which was written by teachers during his studies.at the school.
Military career
The future cosmonaut Belyaev, whose biography is full of interesting and heroic events, after his studies was sent to naval aviation in the Far East. There he took part in military operations against the Japanese Empire. His debut flight was associated with the protection of the bombers, who were sent to suppress the enemy's firing points. After the end of the war, Belyaev received the medal "For the Victory over Japan".
Post-war years
Pavel Ivanovich remained to serve in Primorye as part of the aviation regiment of the Air Force of the Pacific Fleet. Gradually moved up the career ladder:
- pilot;
- senior pilot;
- flight commander;
- Deputy Squadron Leader.
The future cosmonaut Pavel Ivanovich Belyaev was gradually formed as a professional military pilot, his skills were improved. He quickly mastered 7 types of military aircraft. His experience allowed him to keep the car obedient even in critical situations.
He was accepted as a member of the CPSU in 1949. And in 1956, Belyaev was sent to study at the Zhukovsky Air Force Academy. After graduation in 1959, he commanded a fighter squadron.
Space Training
Even while studying at the academy, he was offered to join the cosmonaut corps. He agreed without hesitation. Already in 1960 he was enrolled in the detachment, where he was elected headman. Pavel Belyaev, an astronaut whose biography is closely connected with aviation, although he was verybusy with training and studies, still found time for community work.
For two years he was the party organizer of the detachment. With great zeal, he mastered space technology, perfectly studied the equipment of the ship, and quickly mastered the skills of control.
Injury
A group of future cosmonauts had to go through a complex set of training. And the most important role in them was assigned to parachute training. The leadership believed that this kind of skills would be useful for cadets.
In 1964, Belyaev and Leonov had to make a couple of jumps with a delay of thirty seconds. The first jump went well. But as they took to the skies once more, the wind picked up. The paratroopers jumped, and they began to be blown away from the right place. Belyaev realized that the landing would be unsuccessful. He pulled the lines, the drift became less, but the speed of descent increased. Upon landing, Belyaev injured his leg, and he was sent to the hospital.
The difficult treatment has begun. The hospital was visited by Gagarin, who asked the doctors to return Pavel to the ranks as soon as possible. Five months passed, and the doctors offered to perform a complex operation on the leg, but they did not give any guarantees. Belyaev decided not to take risks and suggested an alternative - to increase the load on the leg, and thus force the bone to grow together. He took dumbbells and stood on a sore leg. The pain was hellish, but the future astronaut achieved his goal - the leg was cured.
Pavel missed a year of training, but was able to return to the group. To do this, he had to pass 7test jumps, with which he coped with "excellent". The authorities appreciated his efforts and allowed him to fly.
Space
On March 18, 1965, Pavel Belyaev, a cosmonaut from God, and his partner Alexei Leonov launched from Baikonur aboard the Voskhod-2 spacecraft. When they entered orbit, the airlock attached to the ship's hatch began to inflate. Leonov, passing through it, made the first manned spacewalk.
Then the mission didn't go as planned. The astronauts had to deal with seven accidents. Of these, three were life-threatening, there was a danger of an explosion, and the control system failed. To switch to manual control mode, Belyaev had to unfasten himself from the chair. He redirected the ship, adjusted the braking system, and returned to his seat again.
Such manual control operations have not been carried out before, and Belyaev performed them for the first time. The astronaut spent 22 seconds on this. But during this time, the ship went off the desired trajectory and deviated from the course by 165 kilometers. For this reason, the astronauts had to land in the taiga. The rescue operation did not find them until four hours later.
In order for the helicopter to land, it was necessary to prepare a special site on the site, next to which there was a house for spending the night. This took two days. In addition, the astronauts had to get to the helicopter on skis. These days were the hardest for them. The cosmonauts needed not only the knowledge and ability to navigate the ship, but also ingenuity, endurance and the ability to rideskiing.
Private life
The cosmonaut's father's name was Ivan Petrovich. He participated in the hostilities of the First World War and fought with the Japanese at Khalkhin Gol. He died in 1959. Agrafena Mikhailova's mother was born in 1899 and passed away in 1963
Pavel Belyaev got married early enough. The cosmonaut and his wife Tatyana Filippovna had two daughters, Irina and Lyuda. Their marriage was a happy one.
Awarding
The space flight lasted 26 hours 2 minutes and 17 seconds. The ship made seventeen revolutions around our planet, passing over 720 thousand kilometers. On March 23, 1965, Belyaev was awarded the title of Hero of the USSR. And on April 13 of the same year he was awarded the title of Honorary Citizen of Vologda. August 17, 1979 a bust of Belyaev was opened in this city.
The further life of an astronaut
Pavel Belyaev, cosmonaut and honorary resident of Vologda, together with his friend Leonov, planted young oak trees in the square of this city. In the future, they improved their knowledge and passed on their experience to the young, participating in the training of future conquerors of the sky. Belyaev wanted to fly again and hoped very much that fate would give him such a chance. But this was not destined to come true.
The bright, energetic life of the Hero of the Soviet Union was short-lived. On January 10, 1970, after a long illness, Pavel Belyaev passed away. The cosmonaut was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery in the capital of our country.
In the capital of our country, on the Alley of Cosmonauts (Prospect Mira), a bust was erected in his honor. The streets of many cities bear his glorious name: in Rostov, Rovenki, Lipovtsy. On November 19, 1970, the Council of Deputies of the city of Vladivostok decided to name one of the streets of the city after Belyaev. A crater on the Moon is named after him. In Vologda, a monument was erected to him, and one of the streets was named after him.
