The discovery of the New World gave the world not only corn, sunflower, tobacco, but also introduced unknown civilizations. The conquistadors met with representatives of some of them in person, and some of them were left with only megalithic monuments. Such evidence of a once flourishing civilization are the Inca pyramids.
Discovery history
The most famous and one of the most mysterious Inca pyramid complexes is Machu Picchu. For Europeans, it is open thanks to treasure hunters in Cusco. According to the legend of the Quechua peoples, once the rulers of the Incas, wanting to protect their we alth and mummies of their ancestors from the conquistadors, hid them in the secret city of Valcabamba. Hiram Bingham (American archaeologist, son of missionaries) was looking for him.
Finding the place of the last stay of the rulers of the Inca civilization in the mountains of Peru was not easy. In addition, the local population did not want to help, trying to protect the secrets of their people from strangers. I managed to find Machu Picchu thanks to childish naivety. The archaeologist met in the mountains a boy with an earthen vessel,obviously out of date at the time. Bingham simply asked where the boy had taken him, and he pointed in the direction with his finger. This was enough to find the city. Although he did not meet the expectations of the scientist.
Since the end of the 20th century, the Inca pyramid, together with their city, falls under the protection of UNESCO, and is also included in the list of wonders of the world.
Peru
The center of the Inca civilization was located in the western part of South America, on the territory that now covers Ecuador, Peru, Chile, partly Argentina and Colombia. As you know, many of the achievements of the Inca civilization came to them from the previous civilizations and tribes they captured. It is possible that the pyramids were built by captured tribes, but more on that later. For example, under the Andes stretched the valley of the pyramids, left over from the Lambayeque civilization, which was captured by the Chimu. Later, they also came under the influence of the Incas. Excavations are underway here, and scientists have already discovered many intact buildings. At the same time, some official sources claim that these are natural rock formations, which is easily refuted by many archaeological finds.
Besides the Inca pyramid lost among mountain forests in Peru, Machu Picchu, no less interesting is the complex of ancient buildings near the former citadel of the ruling tribe in Pisac. It is both a city and a sacred place of the Inca culture. It is gratifying that it is located relatively close to Cusco, the pre-Conquest capital of the Incas, where every guest of the country must visit.
From Cusco lies the route to the Temple of the Moon,which is located near the city of Trujilla. It belongs to the Moiccan culture. Ceremonies, rituals and sacrifices were held here. The latter fact is confirmed by the finds of the remains of the sacrificed warriors. The walls of the Temple of the Moon are covered with fairly well-preserved frescoes made with mineral paints.
Who are the builders?
The history of the Inca pyramids is no less mysterious than the origin of structures in Giza. Staying in Peru, everyone will pay attention to the special form of laying the walls of the buildings of ancient cities. It should be clarified that the pyramids were not originally built by the Incas. Authorship belongs to the peoples that preceded them. They were then destroyed or absorbed by new civilizations.
The remains of the buildings of the Chimu civilization are practically destroyed city walls, houses, but, in addition, here you can admire several pyramids. The Inca tribe did not have to build them, they just came to the ready. The same goes for the two temples: the Sun and the Moon. These architectural creations belong primarily to the Mochica civilization, so adding them to the list of Inca pyramids can be a very big stretch. The Incas took the fruits of their labor to their own hands and later only maintained the buildings in proper condition.
Aztecs are not Incas
Designs of the Incas are included in the list of pyramids of the world. The same list includes places of worship located in Mexico, built by the Aztecs. At the same time, there are many differences in the methods of construction andengineering solutions between Peruvian and Mexican creations. Some uninitiated people mistakenly believe that the Inca pyramids are located in Mexico.
Russian alternative exploration of Machu Picchu pyramids
Machu Picchu still remains a big mystery for official science, so scientists have appeared in its ranks, putting forward bold theories about who built it, and, more importantly, when and what technologies were used. There are no unambiguous answers to these questions. In Peru, at the state level, propaganda is being carried out that all these cultural monuments are the work of their ancestors. But Russian historians, together with engineers who visited Machu Picchu, having carefully photographed the area, came to the conclusion that the Incas with their technologies could not do this.
A sheet of paper does not pass between the blocks of the pyramid, they are so smoothed out. In addition, the blocks of walls have different shapes and sizes. So far, this technology has been called "plasticine". The engineers had the impression that a solid stone was cut with a laser beam. Because with bronze tools, the manufacture of which the Incas undoubtedly owned, it is impossible to hew bas alt in this way. These pyramids do not belong to the Incas.
On the walls of Machu Picchu, traces of the effects of the global flood were found, and this is certainly before the appearance of the Inca civilization. It is also striking that Machu Picchu is located deep under the building. The underground complex still protects everything from earthquakes and flooding by mountain descendants.
Interesting facts
- Machu Picchu - from the Quechua languagesounds like "Old Mountain".
- The city stands at an altitude of 2000 meters above sea level.
- Machu Picchu's main wall material is bas alt (volcanic rock).
