Each of us met with difficulties in Russian lessons. Most often they concern numerous parses: morphological, morphemic, word-formation, syntactic and others. However, morphemic analysis becomes a special problem for schoolchildren.
What is morphemic parsing?
Morphemic parsing involves dividing a word form into morphemes. As a rule, schoolchildren are introduced to such concepts as prefix, root, suffix, ending, postfix and word stem. However, other concepts appear in the curriculum of higher educational institutions, for example, interfix and transfix.
Let's consider the basic concepts of morphemics that schoolchildren need:
Prefix
This is the significant part of the word that comes before the root. Prefixes are very important for all parts of speech, for example, thanks to them, nouns take on new meanings, and verbs can change their form.
Root
Part of a word that contains a lexical meaning. However, not many people know that some wordsmay or may not have a root in one form or another. These words include "their".
Suffix
Morpheme, which serves to define both lexical and grammatical meaning. Always behind the root.
Ending
Part of a word responsible for grammatical meaning. But not all parts of speech have an ending. These include, for example, the adverb.
Postfix
A postfix is the part of a word that follows the root. Most often, pronouns (someone, somewhere) and verbs (hide) have postfixes.
Basic word
A base is all morphemes that indicate the lexical meaning of a word.
Plan for parsing the word by composition
- Determine the part of speech.
- Find the ending in the word, if any.
- Detect inflectional morphemes (zero suffix, infinitive suffix, participle and gerund suffixes, imperative postfix).
- Indicate the stem of the word.
- Select cognate words and highlight the root.
- Select everything before the root as a prefix.
- Find suffixes and postfixes.
Analysis of the word "schoolchild" by composition
- Student is a noun.
- The ending is zero (we change the word by case: student, student, and so on).
- There are no inflectional morphemes in the word.
- Basic word: student.
- Root: schools (school, school and so on).
- There is no prefix in the word.
- Suffix: nick.
Parsing the word "schoolboy" in composition is quite simple. There are only three morphemes in the composition. However, if you strictly follow the plan of morphemic analysis, then any word will not cause difficulties.
