Salair Ridge - part of the region of Southern Siberia, a low-mountain upland. It is a spur of the Kuznetsk Alatau. The ridge begins in the region of the river. Neni, in its upper reaches. Then it descends in a north-western direction between the Chumysh and Kondoma rivers, flows along the Ob water stream. The length of the Salair Ridge is about 300 km. The hill ends with small Bugotaksky hills. In territorial and administrative terms, the ridge is located in Russia within three regions: Kemerovo, Novosibirsk and Altai Territory. Southern Siberia, the map of which is presented in the article, is an unforgettable place!
Name
The name comes from the river Sairair that once flowed through these lands. Translated from the Turkic "Sair" - a rocky channel, "calamus" - a river.
Relief
Salair looks more like a hilly hill than a mountain range. The fact is that most of it has long been plowed. In addition, gentle, rugged valleys run along the ridge.
ActuallySalair are ancient mountains. The lower section of the ridge is represented by the Hercynian folding. Further, metamorphic rocks of three epochs of the Devonian period are located in even stripes. The volcanic formations located here also belong to this time. The uppermost layer of the ridge is represented by Pliocene clayey rocks.
Salair Ridge has a rugged surface, ravines and ridges are visible. This feature of Salair was given by the powerful force of weathering and erosion.
By the nature of the relief of the ridge, two regions can be distinguished, which are especially contrastingly different from each other: these are the Salair plateau and the Kuznetsk Prisalairie. The last region of this area is represented by a sharp slope in the northeast of the upland. The sheer wall rises to 120 m and has a sharp slope. The western slopes of the Salair Ridge are gently sloping, evenly descending to the foot of the Altai Valley. Rocky caves, funnels, dry logs are considered a feature of the relief. They were formed due to erosion processes that have dominated the territory of such a natural object as the Salair Ridge for a long time.
Novosibirsk region, Kemerovo and Altai Territory - this mountain range belongs to these parts of Russia. It has many peaks of small height. The average ones reach about 400 m. The highest point is the city of Kivda (618 m). Hills of approximate height are located nearby. These are Mokhnataya, Pikhtovaya and Zolotaya Gora, as well as Kopna and Belukha.
We alth of the region
Long education periodthe elevation influenced the location of large deposits of various minerals here. Mentions of the Arimasni people, who lived in Siberia and "stealing gold from eagles", are found even in Herodotus. In the area of the Salair Ridge there are gold deposits - gold-bearing placers. Gold is mined in almost all rivers that originate on the mountain range. Famous gold mines in this region are Khristinskiy, Urskiy, Egorievskiy, Mungaiskiy and Kasminskiy.
Breeds
Coal deposits are of great importance in the region. A few years ago, the Bachatskoye and Kolchuginskoye deposits were discovered and are being actively used. New deposits have also been discovered, although they are not yet equipped for mining. These are the Elbashskoye, Izylgonskoye and Vyzhikhskoye deposits.
The region is also rich in polymetallic ores. Iron species are represented by red and brown iron ore. There are small inclusions of copper ores. There is an active mining of metals in the deposits. Silver ores also occur in Salair. Silver deposits can be found in the northeast. Minor deposits of nickel, mercury, bauxite and quartzite are found.
Salair Ridge is a place where rocks are mined that are actively used in construction. These are sandstones, gray and white limestones, volcanic tuffs, diorites, clay and peat.
Rivers
Despite the fact that the height of the Salair Ridge is not high, several rivers originate on its peaks, which flow both along the eastern and western slopes. Coming down from the mountains, datawatercourses flow into larger rivers - Inya, Berd and Chumysh. The waters of the mountain range have a significant influence on the degree of filling of waters in these streams. Also, the Salair Ridge (the map is in the article) is of great importance in shaping the climate in this territory. The fact is that the hill is located meridional, which means it prevents the passage of air masses deep into the mainland. Humidity in the mountains is much higher than in the lower reaches. The rivers flowing here have gentle banks and often overflow. Landslides and steep banks are everywhere.
Flora and fauna
Salair Ridge has rich vegetation. It is represented by coniferous and mixed forests. There are areas of aspen forests, birch groves, fir thickets, pine forests (Gurievsky, Vaganovsky, Krasninsky). There are many berries, mushrooms, rare plants in the forests - Altai anemone, holatka, kandyk, backache, many unique primroses. Sometimes there are areas of vegetation characteristic of such a natural zone as the taiga. Aborigines call these places niello. The forests got this nickname because of their dense cover, through which light does not pass. It is always gloomy here, fog swirls, a lot of shrubs, lichens and mosses, bears are very common. In addition to brown representatives, lynx, fox, wolf, Siberian roe deer, elk, weasel, badger live in the forests.
Climate and infrastructure
The climate here is cool. Due to frequent rains, the air is always very humid. On thePeople do not live in the Salair Ridge and its environs. There is also no permanent road connection. Only at the foot of the ridge in the mouths of the rivers are small villages located. Locals welcome travelers and conduct excursions along ecological trails.
The climate map of Russia (the Altai Territory is also on it) actually displays all the zones in which this territory is located. And one of the unusual places is Salair. It is a must visit! This is an amazing place where there is something to admire and photograph for memory. Many tourists, coming here, come back more than once to refresh their impressions.
