Teaching a person, at first glance, seems to be a very simple task. However, in practice, teaching someone something is not easy. Indeed, by nature, a person is prone to laziness, and only the need to take care of his daily bread makes him develop and acquire new knowledge and skills. That is why the process of teaching the new generation is so important that a whole science, pedagogy, has been created to study it. Let's learn more about it, and also find out what is the object of pedagogy and how it differs from the subject and the subject.
What is "pedagogy"
This noun is a science that focuses on the education of the individual in each of his age periods.
The following chain of concepts is closely connected with pedagogy: education-training-education-formation-development-socialization.
To better understand them, it is worth knowing the definition of each.
- Education is a systematic and purposeful process of forming a student's system of views and beliefs, as well as knowledge and skills.
- Learning is the process of interaction between a teacher and his ward, with the aim of assimilating the latter's system of knowledge, developing his skills, as well as developing the student's natural inclinations.
- Education - this concept has a dual nature. On the one hand, it is a complex of education and training. On the other hand, this is the result they have achieved.
- Formation - personal development under the influence of external factors and internal motives.
- Development is the process of changes in a person, as a result of which he improves morally, intellectually and professionally. Unlike other pedagogical phenomena, this has a spasmodic character. In other words, from theory, trends in student development can be calculated, but in practice, this process takes place at an individual speed for everyone.
- Socialization is the process of adaptation of an individual in society. Like education, this category refers to pedagogical goals. That is, pedagogy is aimed at helping the individual find his place in society and become its full and useful member.
What are the sections of pedagogy
Before dealing with what is the object of pedagogy, it is worth knowing what sections this science has. The point is that some of them havesomewhat more highly specialized objects.
Typically, there are eight sections.
- History of Pedagogy.
- Special, aka healing.
- Comparative.
- Correctional (penitentiary).
- Mature.
- Social.
- Practical.
- General.
What is the object of pedagogy as a science
Having considered in general terms what pedagogy is, it is worth moving on to the main thing.
First of all, it is worth noting that different teachings answer the question “What is the object of pedagogy research?” in different ways.
Sometimes there is an opinion that if the subject in this process is the teacher, then the object is the student himself. However, this interpretation is not entirely correct. After all, it significantly narrows the scope of the science under consideration, since the educator is not an object of pedagogy.
World-famous teacher-practitioner A. S. Makarenko at the beginning of the 20th century. noted the fallacy of such a statement, urging colleagues to concentrate not on the student, but on his psyche. However, even this progressive view was not complete. The fact is that the human psyche (in this case, the student) is an object of another science (psychology). And although this aspect is always taken into account when organizing the educational process, it is also not an object of pedagogy.
What is it then? The real object of pedagogy is education.
OtherIn other words, this is the whole set of phenomena and processes associated with the formation and socialization of the individual.
Subject and object in pedagogy: what is the difference?
Having considered what is the subject and object of the science under study, it is worth learning about its subject.
Like the object, it focuses on education. However, in this case, we are talking about a practical, purposeful, thoughtful process, organized not only in educational institutions, but also in families.
What is the object of special pedagogy and social
As mentioned above, in certain branches of the science under consideration, excellent, more highly specialized objects stand out.
Thus, in curative pedagogy (concentrated on the study and organization of the educational process with students with special needs), the object is directly the personality of such a problem child. At the same time, the subject remains the same process of education.
Social pedagogy is aimed at studying and analyzing the influence of the environment on education.
As in the previous case, in general, the object of social pedagogy is the student himself. However, in particular, its adaptation in society, in the process of personality formation is considered.
The subject of social pedagogy is the regularity of the course of socialization.
What is an object in other pedagogical sciences
In the history of pedagogy, the object is the pattern of development (in theory and practice) of the education process indifferent peoples in different eras, and finding common trends.
In age pedagogy, this is the education of a child from birth to his transformation into an adult.
In the case of comparative pedagogy, this is a comparison of educational systems and institutions in different countries, the search for their features related to the culture of a single nation.
The object of penitentiary pedagogy is the educational system in correctional institutions.
