World history bases its periodization on two principles that are relevant for the formation of the human race - the material for the production of tools and manufacturing technology. In accordance with these principles, the concepts of "Stone", "Bronze" and "Iron" age appeared. Each of these periodizations has become a step in the development of mankind, the next round of evolution and knowledge of human capabilities and natural resources
History 2024, November
The glory of Russian weapons has been forged for centuries. The valor of the Russian people at all times commanded respect from the most powerful world powers. Even sworn enemies could not sometimes hide their admiration for the stamina and strength of the Russians. Great merit in the military achievements of Russia belongs to its great military leaders
The Great Kyiv Prince Vladimir Monomakh went down in history as a talented statesman, thinker and writer. He managed to temporarily stop civil strife and the disintegration of the state into small principalities, protect it from the Polovtsian raids and raise its status in the international arena. An important role in maintaining the integrity of the state was played by the sons of Vladimir Monomakh, who occupied princely tables in the largest and most strategically important cities
James Watt was the one whose work culminated in the Industrial Revolution for England and the world. An engineer and inventor from Scotland was improving the Newcomen machine, as a result of which he invented his universal-purpose engine
Robert Fulton is one of the most interesting names of the New Age. An eyewitness to many interesting events, a participant in wars, an inventor and a scientist. You can list the unique qualities of this man for a long time, but wouldn't it be better to turn to the legacy of what Robert Fulton left to his descendants?
The name of the RSFSR first appeared in 1918, it was used as the name for the world's first proletarian state, formed after the October Revolution in 1917. It lasted until the end of December 1991, when a decision was made to rename the country to the Russian Federation. So how did the formation of the RSFSR happen, how does this abbreviation stand for and what are the most significant events that took place on its territory?
From 1922 to 1991, on the map of the planet there was a huge state formation in terms of area and the most powerful in terms of economic potential - the Soviet Union (USSR). The sights of this country, monuments of architecture and monumental art, amaze even today with their scope, massiveness and extraordinary realism
At the dawn of the twentieth century, America was no longer a republic actively fighting for its freedom and survival. It can be described as one of the largest and most developed powers in the world
The history of steam locomotives in Russia is interesting and unique. After all, it was they who became the basis of railway transport, which today connects the most remote corners of the country. Many admit that this is one of the most amazing things ever created by man. A machine that managed to combine air, fire, metal and water in itself
Scattered manufacture - one of the ways to organize industrial production in the Middle Ages. What other manufactories existed and how they differed, we will tell in the article
One of the most powerful states in Europe in the middle of the second millennium - Poland - by the 18th century turned into a country torn apart by internal contradictions, into an arena of disputes between neighboring states - Russia, Prussia, Austria. Sections of the Commonwe alth have become a natural process of development of this country
President Theodore Roosevelt tried not to interfere in the activities of American monopolists. As for his foreign policy, work continued on the formation of an imperialist world state
Armenian historiography is the oldest in Transcaucasia. At the time when the first Georgian chroniclers began to write their works in the 9th-10th centuries, the works of Khazar Parpetsi, Faustus of Byzantium, Koryun, Yeghishe and Movses Khorenatsi were already stored in Byzantine libraries
How was the ancient Russian people formed? The development of feudal relations takes place in the process of transforming tribal unions into principalities, that is, separate state associations. The history of Kievan Rus begins with this process. The formation of the Old Russian state and the formation of the Old Russian nationality are interrelated processes
The Qin and Han dynasties ruled China in the 3rd century BC. BC e. - III century. n. e. At this time, the country was united under the rule of emperors who fought with northern nomads and the ambitions of their own aristocracy
The idea of communism as one of the theories of social development is closely connected with the Soviet experience. This article discusses the main ideas and principles of communism, as well as an attempt to implement them in the USSR during the establishment of the dictatorship of the proletariat
The policy of war communism under Lenin and the Great Terror under Stalin were marked by massacres of dissidents. An investigation with a gross violation of procedural norms, torture, inhuman conditions of imprisonment, mass executions - all this became one of the sides of Soviet reality for many years
The name of the first Russian tsar has long been overgrown with legends of varying degrees of success and reliability. Even his origin from the family of Moscow princes is questioned. This article concisely examines the genealogy of Ivan the Terrible, and also attempts to show the close connection between the behavior and political practice of the tsar and the activities of his predecessors on the Moscow throne
Mikhail Nikolaevich Pokrovsky - the founder of the school of materialistic interpretation of history from the point of view of Marx's theory of socio-economic formations. His theory has become a new word in Russian historiography. About the biography of the Soviet historian, the positive side of his concept and its criticism is described in this article
The reign of Cosimo de' Medici in Florence is reminiscent of the establishment of the regime of Octavian Augustus in Rome. In the same way as the Roman emperor, Cosimo refused magnificent titles, tried to stay modest, but at the same time firmly held the reins of government. How Cosimo de Medici came to power is described in this article
The circumstances of the life of Diane de Poitiers - the plot for a love story. Her long relationship with King Henry II was admired by some, despised by others, and brought a lot of inconvenience to others. The life path of the uncrowned queen of France is described in this article
The Sumerian city-states were created by the oldest civilization in the world. However, science still does not know who is hiding under the collective name "Sumers". Some hypotheses on this subject, the development of the Sumerian statehood and its death are described in this article
The Supreme Council was created in the USSR, and ceased to exist in 1993 as a result of confrontation with the executive branch. The conflict culminated in what today is called "Black October". How did the powers of the parliament change, and why was it replaced by the State Duma?
The First Cavalry Army of Budyonny (1919-1921) fought in several regions of the former Russian Empire: in the Donbass, Ukraine, Don, Kuban, the Caucasus, Poland and the Crimea. In the Soviet Union, she was considered legendary
Genrikh Yagoda - head of the NKVD in 1934-1936. He was the most important perpetrator of the Stalinist terror and he himself fell under repression
The battle around the Shevardinsky Redoubt took place on the eve of the Battle of Borodino and is considered its prologue. The battle for control of an important fortification began because Napoleon needed a more advantageous position for the subsequent offensive, and Kutuzov wanted to delay the time needed to reorganize his army
The article provides a biography and the main victories of the outstanding Soviet commander - Marshal Meretskov Kirill Afanasyevich
Leonid Govorov was one of the most prominent military leaders of the Great Patriotic War. He led the battles with the Germans in different regions of the country, and in 1944 he liberated Karelia from the occupation of the Finns. For his many merits, Govorov received the title of Marshal of the Soviet Union
Connoisseurs of Scandinavian mythology are well aware of the ice giants and everything connected with them. Well, for people who have just decided to delve into this wonderful world, it will be interesting to learn more about them, expanding their horizons
One of the most interesting pages of Russian history of the 19th century is the Decembrist uprising. The overwhelming majority of its participants, who set themselves the goal of destroying the autocracy and serfdom, came from the most famous aristocratic families, received an excellent education and distinguished themselves in the military, diplomatic or literary field. Among them was Sergei Volkonsky. The Decembrist lived for 76 years, of which 30 years he was in hard labor and in exile
The Antikythera Mechanism is an ancient artifact found in 1901 at the bottom of the Aegean Sea. To this day, it is considered one of the main mysteries of ancient civilization. This discovery debunked all the myths about the primitive technology of antiquity and forced scientists to reconsider their opinions regarding the then technologies. Today it is even called "the first analog computer"
In the early 20th century, prosperous powers competed to build the largest and most advanced ships possible. The Titanic cruise liner has become a legend in civil shipbuilding, and the battleship Bismarck deserves special honor among military ships
Everyone knows and remembers Vladimir Ilyich Lenin as a revolutionary, Marxist theorist, leader of the October Revolution and creator of a socialist society. Today we will look at the political leader from the other side and find out what Lenin was like in childhood
The murderer of Rasputin is still being debated to this day, although more than a century has passed since the day of the massacre of him. Historians do not have enough documents to build a version that would suit everyone. The lack of information has led to the fact that this drama is shrouded in a veil of mystery
The brief biography of Napoleon Bonaparte for children and adults presented in this article will surely interest you. The name of this great commander has long become a household name not only because of his talent and intelligence, but also thanks to the incredible ambitions, as well as the dizzying career that he managed to make
Count Panin Nikita Ivanovich - a high dignitary under the Empresses Elizabeth Petrovna and Ekaterina Alekseevna, a smart and subtle diplomat, tutor of the Tsarevich, creator of the first Russian constitution, which was supposed to limit the autocracy
The German House of Oldenburg is one of the most powerful and oldest in Europe, whose representatives were on the thrones of Denmark, the B altic States, Norway, Greece and were related to the Romanovs, the kings of Sweden, as well as the children and grandchildren of Queen Elizabeth II in Britain. Now, in 2016, it is headed by Duke Christian
Rus under the Mongol-Tatar yoke existed in an extremely humiliating way. She was completely subjugated both politically and economically. The year 1480 is perceived as the most important event in our history. Russia became politically independent
Vologda region is famous not only for famous laces. This is a very beautiful place, with its own history and features of development. Vologda Governorate existed as part of the Russian Empire until 1929. Now it is an actively developing area in the Russian Federation
Today, basketball is a powerful industry in which billions of dollars are invested. It's also a fun game that brings joy to millions of people playing in the streets and halls all over the planet