History

Meet Ted Nelson. Imagine a biography of a scientist. What is the Xanadu project? How did he influence the emergence of the World Wide Web? What is Ted Nelson doing today? In conclusion, we present the awards of the programmer. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Oleko Dundich is a hero of the Civil War, a red cavalryman, a man of selfless courage and courage, who died far from his homeland for the ideals of the revolution. He was and remains one of the most mysterious characters in our history. In the Soviet Union, this name was known to everyone, but new times give birth to other heroes. Now most of the young have not even heard such a name, not to mention his exploits. But an educated person should know everything about the history of his country. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

In order to answer the question of what was invented before - a candle or glass, first consider the history of the creation of a candle, and then glass. and compare them. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

One of the popular trinity of Russian heroes was Dobrynya Nikitich. This character of the Russian folk epic was portrayed as a hero who serves under Prince Vladimir. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

This article will consider the crises of the provisional government of 1917, a table for a better understanding of the material will also be presented. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

In ancient Egypt, education was given special attention, it was it that was the line between adulthood and childhood of a child. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article tells about the great conqueror of the past, known under the names of Tamerlane and Timur, who also bore the nickname Iron Lame. A brief outline of the history of his life and the main events associated with him is given. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

History of mankind has always interested in its understatement. The older this or that fact, the more conjectures and inaccuracies in its description. Among other things, the human factor and the interests of the rulers are added. It is on such contacts that the New Chronology is built. What is so special about this theory, which has excited the bulk of academic scientists? These and many other issues will be covered in this article. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Evolution is a serious thing. At each stage of the formation of our planet in a certain period of time, there were certain animals that, of course, were the elite of their era. Prehistoric predators were considered such for a long time. Let's talk about them. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Among the commanders who led the struggle of the Zaporozhye Cossacks against the Polish intervention in the middle of the 17th century, the most famous is Colonel Ivan Bohun. In this difficult time for his homeland, he proved himself not only as a true patriot, but also as a gifted military leader, capable of conducting military operations both in the field and in the defense of cities. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Thanks to the violent fantasy of Alexandre Dumas père, the whole world knows both from novels and numerous films that in the time of Louis XIII there were royal musketeers and guardsmen of Cardinal Richelieu. But what they represented in reality is known mainly by historians. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Beginning in the early 60s of the twentieth century, space flights had no analogues in the entire history. The path of pioneers can be not only difficult, but also dangerous. So the development of the black abyss was not without tragedies. And the first drama played out with the participation of the hero of this article. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Patsaev Viktor Ivanovich, whose biography is described in this article, Hero of the USSR, Soviet cosmonaut. This is the first astronomer to leave Earth orbit. His death was tragic - during the landing of Soyuz-11, due to depressurization. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Dobrovolsky Georgy Timofeevich, whose biography is described in this article, is a pilot-cosmonaut, lieutenant colonel. He was the commander of Soyuz-11 and the Salyut orbital station. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The T-4, or "Russian Miracle", was created as a Soviet response to American aircraft carriers at the height of the Cold War. Due to its technical complexity and high cost, the model was never put into service. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The first journey of a living being into space - how was it? Why did they choose dogs, what happened to them after the flight? This is a story about how space was conquered. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Kazakov - Marshal of Artillery, an outstanding military leader of the Soviet era, a hero of the USSR. He was awarded numerous orders and medals. Streets in cities and towns are named after him. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

During World War I, artillery played a key role on the battlefield. The hostilities lasted for four whole years, although many believed that they would be as fleeting as possible. First of all, this was due to the fact that Russia built the organization of its artillery on the principle of the transience of armed confrontation. Therefore, the war, as expected, will be of a maneuverable nature. One of the main qualities of artillery was tactical mobility. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The date of death of Princess Diana is August 31, 1997. The people's favorite tragically died at the age of 36 in a terrible car accident that occurred in Paris, under Alma Square, in an underground tunnel. Whether the accident was accidental or planned remains a mystery to this day. The question still excites the minds and hearts of hundreds of people. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Russia's space program after the collapse of the USSR continues to develop dynamically. New generations of astronauts take part in flights. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Holocaust is one of the most terrible pages in the history of the 20th century. The extermination of the Jews during World War II is an inexhaustible topic. It has been touched upon many times by both writers and filmmakers. From films and books, we know about the cruelty of the Nazis, about their many victims, about concentration camps, gas chambers and other attributes of the fascist machine. However, it is worth knowing that the Jews were not only victims of the SS, but also active participants in the fight against them. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Wehrmacht is the historical name for the armed forces in German-speaking countries. The modern significance is associated with the activities of the Nazis during the Second World War. Today, many are interested in the history and way of this formation, as well as its form. The article will describe general information about the name, history of creation, organizational structure and uniforms of the Wehrmacht. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The history of civil defense in the USSR officially begins in 1961, it was then that the service received this name instead of MPVO. Renaming is quite advisable due to the expansion of the list of functions of the structure. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Tarutinsky maneuver is a brilliantly implemented operation by M. I. Kutuzov, as a result of which the Russian army received time for a long-awaited rest, and was also supplied with fresh reserves, uniforms, provisions and weapons. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Perhaps the most respected award in the Russian army was the military order of the Holy Great Martyr and Victorious George. It was established by Empress Catherine II at the end of November 1769. Then the founding day of the order was solemnly celebrated in St. Petersburg. From now on, it was to be celebrated every year not only at the Highest Court, but also where the holder of the Grand Cross would be. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

A large number of palace buildings, the richness and luxury of their decoration have been transforming the architectural appearance of St. Petersburg for many years. After all, this city is famous for its unique palaces of major officials, aristocrats and other noble people. Worthy of great attention is the Summer Palace of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna. You can learn more about it by reading this article. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Seven Wise Men of Ancient Greece are individuals who laid the foundations of modern philosophy and science in general. Their life path, achievements and sayings will be discussed in this article. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

USSR against the USA is a global military, ideological, political, economic confrontation of the second half of the last century. One of the main components of the confrontation was the ideological struggle between the socialist and capitalist models of government. In addition, the efforts of the countries opposing each other were directed to dominance in the political sphere. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The history of the duel, which is better known to contemporaries, began in the 15th century. At that time, the most common way to deal with the enemy were hired killers, poisoning or appeal to the overlord. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article tells about the national hero of Kazakhstan Abulkhair Khan, who played an important role in the fight against hostile tribes that encroached on his homeland, and in the annexation of the Kazakh Khanate to Russia. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich is a well-known national statesman and military figure. He was the fourth son in the family of Alexander II and Maria Alexandrovna. He was a member of the State Council, led the Naval Department and the Navy, the Admir alty Council. Repeatedly took part in wars and battles, was awarded a large number of Russian and foreign awards. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Briefly, the biography and activities of Mao Zedong can be described in just a few words - the leader of the People's Republic of China, the founder of the Communist Party and its leader. Mao Zedong ruled China for 27 years. These were difficult years for the country: the formation of the PRC took place after the Second World War and the Civil War. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

China suffered heavy losses in World War II. His role has not yet been appreciated. But the Chinese held back the Japanese, preventing them from starting a war against the USSR. More details about the events of that prescription will be discussed in this review. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The First World War is famous for large-scale battles and bloody battles. The most famous battles of opponents on land and at sea will be discussed in this article. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The French public figure and teacher Pierre de Coubertin played a key role in the revival of the modern Olympic Games. In modern history, the first competitions were held in 1896, in Athens. Germany received the right to host the XI Games in 1931. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Gennady Nikolayevich Shpigun was one of the few dedicated people. The abduction and then death of Gennady Shpigun clearly demonstrated to the leadership of the Russian Federation that one should deal with militants only from a position of strength. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article tells about how the Phoenician writing appeared and why Phoenician traders needed writing. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Igor Olgovich - one of the Chernigov princes of the XII century. From his older brother, he inherited Kyiv, but was soon deposed from the throne and killed by a crowd of angry citizens. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Vedic Russia… How many people know this concept? When did she exist? What are its features? It is known that this is a state that existed in the pre-Christian period. The history of Vedic Russia has been little studied. Many facts are distorted to please the new rulers. Meanwhile, Russia of those times was a developed civilized society. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

You can often hear that medicine in the USSR was the best in the world. Is it really? The statistics are inexorable: now only 44% of Russians, that is, less than half, consider it necessary to consult a doctor for any ailment, the rest avoid people in white coats with all their might. Two thirds of the population are categorically dissatisfied with the quality of medical services, complaining about inattention, rudeness and incompetence of doctors and nurses. How was it in the USSR?. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01