Science

Despite their intimidating appearance, dinosaurs were not viviparous. Like most modern reptiles, they laid eggs. What did a dinosaur egg look like? Let's talk about it in a short article. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Permian extinction was one of the biggest catastrophes in the long history of the Earth. The biosphere of the planet has lost almost all marine animals and more than 70% of terrestrial representatives. Have scientists been able to understand the causes of extinction and assess its consequences? What theories have been put forward and can they be trusted?. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

In demographics, the human population is the total number of people currently living. As of November 2018, it is estimated to have reached 7.7 billion people. It took over 200,000 years of human history for the world's population to reach 1 billion, and only 200 years longer to reach 7 billion. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

All living organisms on Earth were originally historically divided into the animal kingdom and the plant kingdom. Then it was decided to isolate fungi, bacteria and viruses into an independent kingdom. After some time, protists, archaea and chromists took shape as an independent kingdom. Last modified: 2025-06-01 07:06

Mode means order, control. This term is used to denote order in many areas of human activity, as well as in the nature around us. One example of this is the river regime. But if in everyday life a person adheres to a certain routine, then in the regime of the river he often takes an observational position - states the fluctuations that occur in the life of the river, and only in some cases can intervene in the regime of the watercourse in order to change it. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Kostroma is a famous city, one of the pearls of the Golden Ring of Russia. Here are ancient monuments of antiquity, the spirit of the XVII-XVIII centuries has been preserved. The population of Kostroma is 277 thousand inhabitants and is growing every year. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Tissue culture method: description of the process, the history of the development of this technology research, the types of materials used. Creation of necessary conditions. Advantages and disadvantages of this method. Application in biology, pharmaceuticals, physiology. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Cell culture is the process of growing cells under controlled conditions, usually outside of their natural environment. Once cells of interest have been isolated from living tissue, they can subsequently be maintained under carefully controlled conditions. Tissue culture is the cultivation of tissues separated from the body. It is usually facilitated by the use of a liquid, semi-solid, or solid growth medium such as broth or agar. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov compares science with construction, where knowledge, like building blocks, creates the construction of theories. So the cell theory with its founders - Schleiden and Schwann - is shared by many naturalists and scientists, their followers. One of the creators of the theory of the cellular structure of organisms R. Virchow once said: "Schwann stood on the shoulders of Schleiden." It is about the joint work and the cellular theory of Schleiden and Schwann that will be discussed in this article. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The plant cell is the smallest living structure of the body, it feeds, breathes, reacts to stimuli, grows, multiplies, and the cytoplasm and organelles immersed in it take part in metabolism. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

In our article we will consider a comparison of plant and animal cells. These structures, despite the unity of origin, have significant differences. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Morphophysiological progress is the improvement of the organization of a living system, expressed in the complication of the structure and functions of its body. One of the most important results of selection action is adaptive acquisitions. Some of them turn out to be very large and significant under certain conditions - these are aromorphoses. They can be considered separate stages of morphophysiological progress (arogenesis). Last modified: 2025-06-01 07:06

The eukaryotic cell, which appeared on the planet about 2.6 billion years ago, became the most important biological evolutionary event in the history of the Earth. It was this type of cell that gave impetus to further evolutionary development, which gave rise to an unimaginable variety of species and forms of life. Largely thanks to eukaryotes, the planet took on the biological appearance that we are seeing now. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Today, it is quite obvious that only with the development of innovative technologies will Russia be able to take its rightful place in the global economic market. This will also allow our state to restore and maintain the status of a great power. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The history of the fatherland or the biography of a historical person can be studied not only from textbooks, but also from sources of personal origin. What is it? You will learn about this in our article, and we will also tell you about the various types and classifications of this phenomenon. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Precipitation is the creation of a solid from a solution. Initially, the reaction occurs in a liquid state, after which a certain substance is formed, which is called the "precipitate". The chemical component that causes its formation has such a scientific term as "precipitator". Without enough gravity (settling) to bring the hard particles together, the sediment remains in suspension. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Protein is the basis of cell and body life. Performing a huge number of functions in living tissues, it implements its main capabilities: growth, vital activity, movement and reproduction. In this case, the cell itself synthesizes a protein, the monomer of which is an amino acid. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The constellation Aquarius is a dim celestial pattern, but it is worthy of attention. It is not easy to notice it in the sky, however, when studying the constellation through a telescope, amazing secrets and beauties of the Universe are revealed. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Cicadas never cease to amaze people with their loud singing, bright colors and large size. In addition, they have an unusual life cycle, reaching a duration of more than 17 years. The mass emergence of adults from the nymph stage is impressive. The apparatus of song cicadas, which reproduces sound, is considered the most complex among insects. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

In the body of a he althy adult representative of the human race, over 10 thousand species of microorganisms live, and their total mass is from 1 to 3 percent of the total weight of a person. Some microscopic creatures use organic matter as food. Among them, decay bacteria occupy a significant place. They destroy the remains of the dead bodies of animals and plants, feeding on this matter. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Society is developing rapidly these days. This leads to the emergence of new positions, a significant increase in the number of social movements, their speed and frequency. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Priority areas of application of cohort epidemiological studies are rarely occurring prerequisites for the onset of diseases, various consequences of the cause of the pathology identified in the course of one analysis. Such studies are the shortest way to identify the etiology of pathologies and quantitative risk analysis. Consider the features of cohort studies, examples and types. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The complexity and variability of the general and particular tasks of professional activity that arise before the teacher makes it necessary to use a variety of methods of education. Methodology answers the question of how to successfully use this tool. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The quality of speech depends on the interaction of all organs involved in its production. Pathologies of the development of one or another part of the speech apparatus lead to well-known problems with pronunciation. And vice versa, their absence guarantees the flexibility of the speech mechanism, good diction. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

All dictionaries are unanimous in defining knowledge as a reflection of reality in the human mind. Is knowledge needed in such an "intangible" area as pedagogy? Yes, we need! Because in the hands of the teacher is not only the fate of the pupils, but also the future of mankind. Without knowledge there is no progress. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The family is not a frozen structure, as in the process of its development it goes through various crisis situations. However, in any of them it should remain the main socializing body for the younger generation. What conditions must be observed in this case, we will consider in our article. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Formation of ZUNov (knowledge, skills) in students is the goal of any teacher and an indicator of his pedagogical skill. And if everything is clear with knowledge, then specialists have a lot of questions and disagreements about the skills and abilities. Let's try to solve some of them. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

What is a cycle? What are the types of cycles? How to calculate the cycle and what is the duration of the operating cycle? How to calculate the duration of the production cycle? What are the stages of the life cycle of an organization and a product? All these questions can be answered in this article. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Defining who an astrologer is is pretty easy to give. First of all, this is a person who has knowledge of the craft, after which his profession is named, and who understands well that his central principle is a reflection of the unity of the individual and the cosmos, all parts of which are interconnected with each other. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

As you know, the XXI century is called the century of information technology. Indeed, modern man operates with different methods of obtaining and processing information. Analytics takes a special place in the process of using information. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

What are useful inventions? How to get a patent for them? In what industries can they be used? Together we will look for answers to the questions posed. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The origin of the science of substances can be attributed to the era of antiquity. The ancient Greeks knew seven metals and several other alloys. Gold, silver, copper, tin, lead, iron and mercury were the substances that were known at that time. The history of chemistry began with practical knowledge. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

XVI-XVII centuries are rightly called by many the “golden age of physics”. It was during this period that the foundations were largely laid, without which the further development of this science would be simply unthinkable. Standing apart in a whole series of discoveries is the law of universal gravitation, the final formulation of which belongs to the outstanding English scientist Isaac Newton. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Many designers, planners, artists and all those whose activities are at least slightly related to color, are of great help to Itten's color wheels, which make it easy to achieve harmony of all kinds of combinations of shades. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

According to one of the versions of the ancient Greek myth, Scorpio was placed in heaven for … the murder of the famous hunter Orion, who did not please the goddess of the Earth, Gaia. It is difficult to observe this constellation in the northern hemisphere - it barely rises above the horizon. But in the southern hemisphere, Scorpio appears in all its radiant beauty. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Pathological types of breathing are a condition characterized by a group rhythm, often accompanied by periodic stops or intermittent breaths. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Analytical research methods are the finding of exact quantitative relationships between a number of dependent factors. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

To date, there are several different systems for measuring the weight of precious and precious metals. We are used to using grams. And on the stock exchanges and abroad, the troy ounce is quite often used. This weight system is perhaps the oldest and at the same time accurate to date. What it is, how it differs from the usual one and how to translate it into the grams we are used to - this is exactly what will be discussed in this article. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Corrosion rate: classification of indicators, basic calculation formulas for its determination. Factors affecting the intensity of destruction of the material. Their consideration in the design of metal structures. Methods for assessing the corrosion rate. Last modified: 2025-06-01 07:06

It can be simple or complex. An example of a simple cycle is chlorella, which reproduces by spores. Developing, this green algae becomes a receptacle for 4-8 autospores, which grow inside the mother's body and become covered with their own shell. Last modified: 2025-06-01 07:06