Let's take a look at this type of relation, adjacency, and see how it differs from other subordinating relationships between words in a sentence.
In the school curriculum, adjunction is defined as a combination of words in which it is expressed not grammatically (by changing gender, case, number), but only lexically (semantic subordination), word order or intonation: go to work, start singing, go right, oppress in every possible way, etc.
The connection connection is typical for invariable parts of speech: infinitive (decide to help), adverbs (act at random), participles (sit bent over) and invariable adjectives (such as: more, faster). In these cases, depending on the meaning of the main word and on the relations expressed by it, the connection can be either strong or weak.
With a strong connection, the main word has such lexical and grammatical properties that the subordinate becomes indispensable with it, for example: quit studying, stop cooking, rush after, etc. In other cases, the dependent word can be omitted: I sang merrily - I sang. Withparts of speech such as gerunds and adverbs, usually a weak adjoining connection (examples: sell wholesale, eat dry food, drive faster).
If there are two unchangeable words in a sentence, the main one will be the one that can be used without the dependent, without violating the main meaning of what was said. For example: Seeing this was hurtful to the point of pain. It's insulting here - this is the main word, painfully dependent, because you can say: "Seeing it was insulting", but you can not say: "Seeing it was painful."
Such a linkage is determined by intonation and word order. For comparison: He is forced to keep weapons at the ready. He has to keep his weapons ready. He has to keep his weapon at the ready. It also often depends on the presence in the sentence of only one word, to which the subordinate may refer: Have you lived these days merrily.
There is an opinion that the type of connection adjoining is also characteristic of nouns in indirect cases, in the case when they express different circumstances of the described situation: a picture from the wall, vegetables from the garden, a house near the river, the way from the station, sleep to lunch, etc. Such case forms can come into contact with words of different categories without being redefined and not controlled by the main word: person at the console, sit at the console.
How to determine what type of connection between words?
To determine what type of subordination we have before us, it is necessary to reason like this: is it possible to replace the dependent part in this phrase?For example, how to regard such a construction: to work intermittently - as management (cf.: work with friends) or as adjunction (work poorly)? In the construction given above, there is an adjoining connection, since in such cases a specific case form is not required, but only the presence of a circumstance expressing the mode of action in any way is assumed: to work intermittently - to work badly, with difficulty, sluggishly.
Remembering all of the above, you can easily determine the adjacency connection. And the term itself is quite transparent: the dependent word adjoins, that is, it explains, complements the main thing. And it, in turn, does not require subordination in gender, number and case.
