Functions of the family and its upbringing possibilities are a subject that must be analyzed in the educational program of psychologists, sociologists, and specialists in the field of education. At the same time, a simple layman should also be guided by the features, values, and significance of the family in order to be able to apply knowledge in practice.
Common understanding of the issue
As pedagogy says, the educational functions of the family are manifested in relation to all members of this social group - both adults and children. The greatest importance, as is commonly believed, applies to minors. In science, it is customary to talk about three aspects of these functions:
- the influence of younger age on the older (an incentive to develop and improve);
- upbringing members of a social group under the influence of the next of kin throughout life;
- shaping the personality of juniors.
The last aspect of the educational function of the family is briefly formulated, but it can be expanded.
What is it about?
With regard to minors, the family is an important element of society, external conditions. Under itinfluence forms personality, interests, abilities develop. Children can get the experience of previous generations, which are shared by parents, grandparents. The society has accumulated quite an impressive amount of experience and knowledge, which is almost impossible to learn without the help of the family.
Considering what the educational function of the family is, it is necessary to take into account the formation of a scientific worldview among the younger ones under the influence of the older generation. Along with this, a correct attitude to work, a moral perception of this process, a sense of collectivism develops. The family is a social cell responsible for instilling the ability to be a citizen and the need for it, at the same time, to play the role of a host and adhere to the standards of behavior and living together established by the public. It's not just about living together in the same apartment, but living at the level of civilization.
Family matters
As is known from the social and pedagogical sciences, the educational function of the family is manifested in the enrichment of the intellectual capabilities, information reserves of the younger generations. Along with this, the concept of beauty and aesthetics develops. Parents help their children to improve physically, are responsible for their he alth, teach ways to strengthen the body. It is thanks to the elders that children can learn hygiene, develop skills in sanitation and self-care. All this is indispensable in the future not only for a comfortable life in society, but also for protecting yourself and your future, for providing yourselfa long, happy, he althy life.
What is available to me?
The educational function of the family weakens when there is insufficient potential, the capabilities of a particular social cell. By potential it is customary to understand such a complex of means, conventions, on the basis of which the possibilities of training and educating the younger ones are formed. It is customary to understand this complex as living conditions, material opportunities, family structure, a large number of relatives, a team and its level of development. Be sure to take into account how family members interact with each other.
Speaking about the educational function of the family, it is necessary to take into account the moral, ideological baggage, psychological, labor, emotional atmosphere within the team of close relatives. An important role is played by the life experience of each of them, the presence of professional qualities and the education received. Of course, parents are of the greatest importance, and family traditions, combined with the personal example of these people, are a source of irreplaceable information, patterns of behavior and interaction for the younger generation.
Paying attention to all aspects
The educational function of the family, its implementation in each individual case is influenced by the peculiarities of the relationship between the members of this social group. At the same time, patterns of interaction with the outside world play a role. When developing their own rules of behavior, children are guided by the pedagogical, cultural level of adults, they take an example from their parents. Many from early childhood learn how roles should be distributed in home communication,dialogue, upbringing following the example of their closest elders - mother, father. In the future, the learned information is reproduced when you create your own family.
The educational function of the family also affects the perception of educational institutions and the very fact of the need for education in general. From the family, the child gets an idea of the connections of himself and any other person with society, educational institutions and other social institutions. The process of family education is quite specific, and its features are also very important for the implementation of the family function.
Why is this important?
The educational function of the family is due to the unification of different ages within this social cell. There are people of both sexes in the family, and professional interests, ideas about beauty, and the level of education differ. All this allows the child to realize the richness of the choice that lies before him. Having such an abundance of examples before one's eyes, one can successfully express intellectual abilities, a personality is formed more qualitatively, fully. At the same time, the possibilities of emotional expression are wider.
Real and Spiritual
The social, educational functions of the family form not only the image of a person as an element of society with the ability to work, consume, create. No less important is the spiritual culture, social orientation, motivation of actions. For a child, the family is a microscopic model of the structure of civilization as a whole, therefore it is from here that the baby receives the initial settings,allowing him to develop his own attitudes in the future, to formulate plans for life.
The rules that society obeys, for the first time a person realizes precisely through the educational, economic, reproductive functions of the family. Through the same social cell, for the first time, a person consumes cultural values and learns to know other people. The influence of the family on education is exceptionally great and significant - in no way less than that of the entire society as a whole.
Reciprocity
Reproductive and educational - the functions of the family, very closely interconnected. As people understood in the distant past, only with a family can a child fully undress, be normal. The family is a necessary, vital value, irreplaceable by institutions, public organizations or educational institutions. According to experts, if before the age of three the baby did not have enough care, attention from elders, emotional contact, socially important qualities will not develop correctly in the future. The most significant is the contact with the mother. In some cases, the development of personality traits in the future is delayed in time, but there are also situations when it is violated in principle, the loss is irreparable, and the person himself often does not even realize it.
Both pros and cons
A child is very sensitive to everything that happens around him. A negative example of the educational function of the family, which is very common in everyday life, isdrunkenness of one or more immediate family members. Studies have shown that such behavior of parents is perhaps the most important reason that provokes juvenile delinquency, as well as social abnormal behavior of children and deviations from normal development.
As revealed in the course of social research, up to 80% of all juvenile delinquents were forced to live in a family where one or both parents drank. Immorality in childhood, the desire for criminal acts are very closely related to the consumption of alcoholic beverages. A negative example of the educational function of the family is especially relevant against the backdrop of the recent growing alcoholism among the female half of society. The pace of this phenomenon shows an increase twice as fast as men's.
Not a day without change
Changes taking place within the family, in many respects violate its educational function. Studies have shown that the gradual change of the family model from tradition-based to modern, based on equality, leads to a weakening of the coordination of actions. Many children do not perceive their parents as a whole at all, for them there are separate mother and father.
Parents' ideas about upbringing can drastically diverge, there are disagreements about how to live. This has a strong effect on a child forced to live in such conditions. Of course, it is categorically difficult to develop a full-fledged, he althy personality in such conditions, especially if we recall the tendency to rebelliousness due to teenagea period when character and mood are largely due to biological causes - hormonal changes.
About stereotypes
It is customary to talk about three key rules that many take for granted. All three categorically negatively affect the quality of the personality of a child growing up in a family. This is:
- child-centrism;
- professionalism;
- pragmatism.
Detocentrism
This stereotype is about situations in which a child needs to be forgiven. There is an opinion in society that everything is forgiven for children. Many people confuse this attitude with love. In fact, this leads to spoilage, the inability to perceive obligations, prohibitions, and debt. Mostly in families where everyday life is subject to such a stereotype, adults serve the younger ones.
Currently, child-centrism is more common in families with one child. Similar tendencies are also characteristic of those social cells where grandparents are more responsible for upbringing, tending to protect children from any difficulties. This leads to egocentrism, infantilism. Growing up, young people are completely unable to take responsibility for their actions and do not show the slightest initiative to develop this quality.
Professionalism
It is customary to think that all tasks should be entrusted to professionals, and as little responsibility as possible should be taken on. Perhaps this works in relation to cleaning pipes or installing a TV,but completely unacceptable when it comes to raising children. Indeed, in educational institutions there are educators and teachers, but their function is only secondary after the family. They are designed to give children a general understanding of interaction in society, with unfamiliar individuals, but babies receive the main information from their parents.
For some reason, it is customary to think that the task of a parent is to give material opportunities for the development of the child and on this to withdraw from the improvement of the child. Some resort to their upbringing opportunities when it is necessary to prohibit and punish, to get rid of the “interfering” child. In such a situation, children and parents are separated, they cannot coexist in the same social plane, despite living in the same apartment. There is neither trust nor understanding between them, there are no topics for discussion, which means that the child simply does not have the experience of building a dialogue with an adult. This will affect the whole life - social contacts will be given very hard.
Pragmatism
This term is commonly understood as a situation where upbringing is perceived by elders only as a process during which children should become more practical, learn to manage their own affairs on their own. At the same time, the emphasis is on material gain, but everything else remains “behind the scenes.”
Recently, the dominance of market relations gives rise to many psychologists and education specialists, raising fears that in the future the pragmatic trend will become even more pronounced. This is explained by utilitarian behavior, which in the minds of many is perceived as the most relevant in modern conditions. To some extent, this is a survival strategy, so it is difficult to reproach those who try to follow the simplest course. At the same time, experts urge not to succumb to pragmatism: emotional development, instilling cultural values are no less important.
General theory
Family is such a complex formation inherent in human society, which is a specific group that is distinguished by specific relationships between its members. In the family there are spouses of the same generation, different generations - children, parents. A family is a small group within which all members are linked by kinship or marriage obligations. They are entrusted with a common moral materiality. For a person, the family is a social necessity associated with both the physical reproduction of civilization and spiritual development.
It is very difficult to formulate what is meant by the concept of a “normal family”. This is an extremely stretchy representation. In the general case, it is customary to talk about a social cell that gives its members well-being, protection, and the opportunity to advance within society. With regard to children, the family is a community that provides all the conditions for successful inclusion in social life for psychological and physiological maturity.
