It is not customary to be surprised at the indistinct babbling of a baby - at times it is even touching. But the "fiction effects" at an older age are already perplexing. And an adult with speech problems is a sad sight at all. This is where you immediately begin to understand that a speech therapist is a very necessary and sought-after profession.
With the total scale of speech problems, the situation "to himself speech therapist" is not uncommon. For parents of young children, it is especially important to master the skills of correcting the speech of their own baby. After all, not everyone and not always have the opportunity to resort to the help of a specialist. Your main help and tool will be speech therapy gymnastics for the development of a child's speech. Now we will explain what it is.
We play not just like that, but with meaning
Speech therapy gymnastics for the development of the speech of a child of 2-3 years old is impossible without the interest of the "client". This task is not easy, because it is difficult for the baby to concentrate, and it is not clearwhy all these tongue twisters or tongue movements. Therefore, an adult needs to be inventive and make sure that the baby does not even guess that he has to do some serious work.
If you manage to conduct classes quietly, behind the game, everything will be fine without whims and tantrums. The material will be assimilated unobtrusively and quite qualitatively. If the baby categorically refuses to do the exercises, you should not insist, otherwise you will finally beat off the hunt, and it will be even more difficult to return to a useful business.
Speech therapy gymnastics is not a tedious duty at all. Her sessions can and should be spontaneous, fun. It’s good when the children are happy and laughing a lot on them. Positive emotions automatically improve the assimilation of the material and stimulate the child to return to such interesting rhymes and tongue twisters.
If something does not work out, do not rush to be upset or, God forbid, scold the baby. It is better to be interested in why this tongue does not obey in any way, how can we fix this? Give up the role of a serious teacher and try to communicate with the baby on an equal footing.
Advice for moms and dads
Let parents not be afraid of the need to work with their own child. Speech therapy gymnastics for children sounds very serious, but in fact there is nothing to worry about. The classical methods here come down to finger exercises that improve the motor skills of the fingers and hands, articulatory gymnastics (that is, exercises for the lips and tongue), ear development through poeticrepetitions (logo-rhythm) and memorization of special tongue-twister rhymes that improve speech and replenish vocabulary. In addition, breathing exercises (speech therapy) and special massage will bring benefits.
For those who are determined to study independently with their son or daughter, we will give some basic recommendations.
You only need to start with two minutes. Then, over a number of months, the duration of the sessions increases to 20 minutes. If you manage to interest the child in developmental exercises, you will never have to force and force him. Remember that no skill is formed overnight. Success is in frequent and short-term repetitions. This form of learning is easier for both the baby and you to endure. Turn any failure into a joke, and do not forget to praise for success. How interesting speech therapy gymnastics can be for the development of a child's speech, the photos in the article illustrate quite reliably.
Finger games
Speech therapy gymnastics necessarily includes such exercise games. They are an excellent tool for developing the so-called fine motor skills, leading to improved speech quality, stimulating attention and good reaction. Thanks to them, coordination of movements, spatial memory improves and the accuracy of expressions increases. How to play:
1. The palms represent a flower. Fingers (half-bent) are connected in the form of a bud. At the command "the sun rises" the handles stretch up, as ifflower.
2. The bud opens. The hands are parted.
3. Sunset. The palms should be lowered.
4. The flower goes to bed. The fingers reconnect into a bud.
Another finger game is called Thunderstorm. Its meaning is to learn to coordinate the text and hand movements with different rhythms of sound. The adult reads the conditions, the task of the children is to perform the appropriate movements: drops drip (a light tap on the table top alternately with each of the index fingers), it started to rain (quiet tapping with four fingers on both hands), the rain poured like a bucket (the same as possible louder), the hail goes (to hit the knuckles of the fingers), the thunder thunders (the children drum on the table), the lightning flashed (the pattern in the air should be portrayed with the index finger with the simultaneous pronounce of the sound “sh-sh”), everyone ran home (clapping clap your hands and hide your hands behind your back), in the morning the sun rose (with two hands we describe a big circle).
Speech therapy articulation gymnastics
The main organ of speech is, of course, language. His flexibility and mobility need mandatory training, otherwise he will not be able to serve his purpose qualitatively. Good pronunciation is one of the most important properties of normally developed speech, so both the tongue and lips must be strong and flexible enough.
The goals of articulation gymnastics - the development of the tongue and lips - are achieved by training certain muscles. exercisefollows the mirror. Looking into it, the baby clearly sees the work of his own lips and tongue. Only constant repetition will lead to automatism in execution. Paying close attention to what the lips and tongue are doing is very important for a child.
As a result of articulatory gymnastics, the pronunciation of the necessary sounds and words should improve.
What to do exactly?
Here is an approximate list of speech therapy exercises for speech organs:
1. Invite the child to swing his own tongue on the swing. On command, the baby opens his mouth wide, smiles, sticks his tongue out of his mouth, alternately touches his upper teeth, palate and lower teeth.
2. We brush our teeth. Smiling at his reflection in the mirror, the child runs his tongue along the inner side of the upper and lower row of teeth, imitating their brushing, then "rinses" his mouth. The movement should be repeated about 10 times, an adult at this time can accompany the actions with suitable nursery rhymes or tongue twisters.
3. Under tongue twisters or verses about delicious delicacies (for example, pancakes with jam) recited by adults, the baby smiles, opens his mouth and licks his upper lip with circular movements of the tongue, after which he allegedly removes the remnants of jam.
Developing hearing
Phonematic (speech) hearing is the ability to correctly recognize sounds. How to develop hearing? Hiding behind a screen, try knocking alternately with objects made of metal, glass or wood. The child must guess what exactly you are knocking with - a glass, a wooden or metal spoon, etc.
Try to imitate the sounds that birds or animals make, or find the appropriate audio recordings. Let the kid guess which of the little animals "greets" him.
Try this exercise: the baby closes his eyes (even more interesting if you use a real bandage), and you move to different corners of the room with a small bell. The task of the child is to guess by the sound exactly where you are.
Another option is the growl of the motor. Children should determine whether it is a motorcycle, a tractor or a car. You can play the game "Traffic Light", for this you should prepare an audio recording in advance with noises characteristic of busy traffic. Hearing the beeps of various modes of transport, the noise of the crowd, etc., the child names what is happening on the street. This contributes to the development of his auditory attention.
Speech therapy gymnastics for the development of a child's speech: we imitate everything we hear
Onomatopoeia comes down to the repetition of different vowels by a child after an adult. For example, how a man sighs "Oh-oh-oh!" How a donkey shouts "Eeeee!" After the vowels, we move on to the consonants - the forest makes noise "Sh-sh-sh", the mosquito squeaks "Z-z-z", the hedgehog snorts "F-f-f". In addition, let the baby depict the “voices” of everyday objects with sounds - water drips “drip-drip”, the clock is ticking"tick-tock", the hammer hammers nails "tap-tap".
You can imitate the voices of birds and animals using toy figures or pictures with images of forest inhabitants (both adults and cubs). Ask the baby to show how loud the mother frog croaks, and how quiet the little frog is. Open to him an illustration for the fairy tale "Three Bears", and let him list how papa bear growls, mother bear growls, how baby bear cub squeaks.
Logo-rhythmics includes exercises for repeating actions and rhymes after the teacher with musical accompaniment. You can, for example, play a walk, imitating movements. We walk in place, raise our legs and knees high, swing our arms, "fall into a hole" (sit on the floor) and so on.
About rhymes and tongue twisters
Patters are a very effective form of exercise. They should be selected for such letters and sounds, in the pronunciation of which the baby has the most serious gaps. There are many benefits from them - it is in improving diction, and in developing speech hearing, and in expanding vocabulary. In addition, short, funny rhyming lines are interesting and fun for a kid to pronounce.
Speech therapy gymnastics finds its continuation in poetry, the task of which is to increase the amount of what is understood and pronounced. Active vocabulary, as you know, is what the child says, passive - what he understands. The second is always an order of magnitude larger. For the overall development and transition from passive to active vocabulary, you should communicate a lot withbaby in any circumstances - on a walk, on the way to kindergarten, at the table, etc.
If you are not lazy and use the slightest opportunity for such communication, creatively weaving tongue twisters, hand and finger games, articulation exercises into everyday life, then the result will be sure.
Note to home speech therapist
You shouldn't get hung up on the purity of pronunciation at all. Minor speech defects tend to go away on their own over time. Sometimes they are associated with the anatomical features of the device of the larynx, nasopharynx and tongue, and speech therapy gymnastics does not always help. As the child grows, most of these problems are eliminated automatically.
You should not start activities with a child if for some reason you are not in the mood and are not able to provide an easy fun atmosphere for the game, it is better to postpone it until more successful times. Always believe in your baby and show how happy you are for the slightest success. In addition to the direct speech therapy effect, such classes can bring you and your baby even closer and give you many interesting moments.
