The education system is designed not only to give our children a certain set of knowledge, but also designed to control their assimilation. Without proper control, which consists in different methods and systems, pedagogy cannot exist. After all, only with the help of different methods can the teacher make sure how children have mastered the skills and abilities and determine whether it is possible to move on to the next block of knowledge. To date, many methods and forms of control have been developed. One of them is the face-to-face survey, which we will talk about today.
Deep into terminology
For experienced teachers, the frontal form of the survey is one of the most beloved and used in lessons in various disciplines. The reasons for such love are the wide possibilities that this form of control gives. After all, it allows for a fewminutes to simultaneously assess the knowledge of a whole group of students. It can be a selective few people or a whole class, but in any case, the teacher will receive the necessary information and will be able to adjust the further course of the lesson based on it.
To put it as briefly as possible, a frontal survey in pedagogy is a form of knowledge and skills control aimed at surveying a large group of students. This system allows you to get the result in the shortest possible time, but at the same time does not give an understanding of the depth of knowledge.
Current Survey: Basic View of Student Survey
When we talk about the frontal survey system, it is worth noting that it is part of the current survey. And it, in turn, is the main type that allows you to systematically monitor the knowledge of students at any stage of learning. Teachers say that it is the current survey that makes it possible to work out and consolidate the material, as well as identify and fill in the gaps.
Several factors are considered features of this process:
- conclusions and generalizations are always made as a conclusion;
- the whole group participates in the work, each member of which will be able to share their knowledge;
- there is a development of students' speech.
The current poll is conducted in two well-known ways. The most popular of these is the face-to-face survey. In this context, it is perceived as a control check of not only knowledge, but also the identification of the degree of their assimilation. Once again, we repeat that almost all students of one group are involved in the process.groups.
Advantages of this method of control
Each teacher can easily name a lot of advantages of a frontal survey. We, too, could not fail to mention them in our article. We have identified five advantages of this method:
- saves time by reaching the maximum number of students in a short period of time;
- the skill of a concise and precise answer is being developed;
- makes it possible to highlight the main thing from the whole topic and remember these moments;
- teaches you to respond according to plan, substantiating each statement with a consistent statement of facts;
- engagement in group work keeps all students on their toes.
Thanks to the frontal survey, the teacher can perform many tasks. For example, check homework, the degree of perception of new material, readiness to master a new block of knowledge, and so on.
Disadvantages of simultaneous group polling
Front survey in the classroom is a unique opportunity to engage a large group of students and conduct current control. However, despite the abundance of advantages, this system also has its pronounced disadvantages. Of course, teachers are well aware of them, but still consider the methodology effective and continue to actively use it. Significant disadvantages of the frontal survey include the following points:
- short answers do not provide an opportunity to practice the skill of a detailed answer;
- group work does not allow one student to work through the transition from one thought toanother that is used in complex topics;
- the depth of knowledge remains hidden for the teacher, who notes only superficial assimilation of the topic;
- this form of control does not develop logical and linguistic culture.
In order to reduce the negative impact of the frontal survey, the teaching methodology contains recommendations for its periodic use. That is, in his work, the teacher must use all known types of control of knowledge, skills and abilities.
Types of frontal survey
Since this method of verification is considered basic, it implies two types. These include oral and written face-to-face interviews. Each species has its own characteristics and distinctive features.
It is the description of the mentioned categories that our next sections will be devoted to.
Oral questioning: definition
This category includes a control method that allows you to perform several tasks at the same time. Thanks to the direct interaction between the teacher and the student, the first one not only interrogates and evaluates the knowledge being tested, but also corrects the answers, directs, and also corrects errors. In a similar dialogue, the material covered is consolidated.
Based on the foregoing, teachers quite often use this form in their work, considering it to be the most effective.
Pros and cons of frontal polling
Before applying this method of control of knowledge, skills andskills, it is necessary to clearly understand all its advantages and disadvantages. Methodists include the following characteristics to the pluses:
- flexibility and speed;
- the ability to maintain contact with a whole group of students, filling knowledge gaps at the same time as they are identified;
- promotes the development of all types of oral speech;
- help you overcome your fear of speaking in front of an audience;
- Developing communication skills at a fast pace.
However, the shortcomings of the oral survey of students should not be overlooked. I would like to clarify that there are few of them, but still the teacher should be aware of them:
- impossibility to test without careful preparation of pupils and students;
- often the group simply obeys the teacher's authority;
- due to the inexperience of some teachers, part of the group remains out of active work;
- takes a considerable amount of time.
In general, teachers themselves believe that the oral control method is ideal for experienced teachers and requires certain skills. However, it fully justifies itself and gives good results. Classrooms with frequent group oral surveys have been shown to have better subject preparation and higher academic achievement.
Oral Questioning Techniques: Briefly
We have already mentioned above that the frontal survey can be oral and written. However, speaking on this topic, one cannot fail to mention the oral individual survey, which is also often used by teachers.
Front and individual surveys are similar only inone - in both cases, the students give oral answers to the questions of the teacher. However, in the first case, the knowledge of the group is clarified, and in the second, the knowledge of individual students. Interestingly, there is a technique for consistently controlling both ways.
Techniques for conducting a frontal survey
Front oral survey can be conducted in different ways. Of these, teachers usually distinguish five options, which we will now discuss in detail:
- Traffic light. This method is usually used in elementary school, when it is still quite difficult to organize students. The teacher prepares two cards for each student (green and red). After the question asked, if the children know the answer, then they raise a green card, and otherwise - a red one. Such a face-to-face survey is good for checking homework and as a control after explaining a new topic.
- Chain. Reception is based on the need for the group to give a detailed answer to the question posed. At the same time, each next student voices additions without repeating.
- Quiet. If, in the process of explaining new material, the topic turned out to be misunderstood by a certain group of students, then the teacher works only with them, asking questions and identifying difficult moments, while the main part of the team is busy performing other tasks.
- Programmable. This type of face-to-face survey is often referred to as an "oral test". Along with the question, several answers are given, which makes the student more firmly consolidate the material covered.
- Interrogation. Before tests, teachers often use this type of frontal survey. Its essence lies in the fact that the teacher gives a vector of direction, and the students interrogate each other themselves. Such control does not take much time.
A distinctive feature of all these methods is the search nature of the questions. They should encourage the group to look for answers and thereby activate their thought processes.
Written surveys: pros and cons
Written face-to-face survey is considered an easier form of control. It leaves the opportunity to focus and change the order of answers to questions. Of the advantages of this technique, there are:
- lack of pressure from the authority of the teacher;
- provides deep control;
- allows you to control theoretical and practical skills at the same time.
Disadvantages include significant time spent completing and checking assignments.
Most often, a written frontal survey is carried out in the form of a dictation or test work. In recent years, teachers often use new techniques. These include blitz surveys (students answer in writing several questions asked by the teacher), testing and factual dictation (each student receives five or six questions on a sheet, which they must answer in a given time interval).
Methodists advise teachers to alternate oral and written face-to-face surveys in order to fully control the process of learningeach student.
Recommendations for increasing the effectiveness of group surveys
Some teachers consider face-to-face surveys not very effective, but methodologists advise following a number of recommendations that will make the work as efficient as possible:
- Don't focus on one student by asking them question after question. In this case, the teacher risks losing the entire group of students, who will turn their attention to foreign objects.
- The teacher should clearly control the amount of time allotted for such a survey. If control is tightened, then its monotony will lead to a decrease in efficiency in the group.
- Compliance with the principle of communication should be combined with the general course of the lesson, harmoniously complementing the presentation of new material.
Also do not forget that the frontal survey should be conducted at a very fast pace, and the question is asked before the name of the student is called.
