Almost every student knows that if a teacher at a Russian language lesson turns to him with the words: "Make sentences according to the schemes", then you will first need to determine the structure, and at the end it will be necessary to place punctuation marks. Moreover, any student will cope with the latter, as they are displayed in a schematic drawing. All imaging techniques directly depend on various factors: the presence of direct speech, participial and participle phrases, as well as the type and type of sentences and their schemes.
Direct speech
In order to draw up a scheme for a sentence of this type, you will need the words of the author and directly direct speech. In this case, the first ones are indicated by a capital letter "a" or a capital "A" (if written at the beginning of a sentence), and the second - by a capital letter "P" with the obligatory use of quotation marks.
Let's look at a few common examples:
"P", - a.;
A:"P!".;
"P, -a. -P".;
A:"P!" - a.
In each of them, punctuation marks are already placed, which helps to quickly learn punctuation as well.
Simple and complex
If you answer the question of how to draw up a diagram of a sentence of a complex or simple type, then you need to start with conditional images used in schematic drawings. The most common is the linear scheme, which involves the use of parentheses for subordinate clauses and square brackets for highlighting the main ones. In addition, the predicate and the subject also have their own signs. In the first case, these are two parallel dashes, and in the second, a dash. It is worth noting that in a complex type, the so-called means of communication can be indicated - an allied word or a union, and the question is also raised from the main to the subordinate part. Here are the most basic examples: [-=,=], [-, -=] and [-=].
Complex
When deciding how to make a scheme of a sentence of a complex type, it is necessary to take into account that they are of three types: non-union, compound and complex. When displaying graphically, one must remember: all means of communication and the parts of the proposal themselves must be displayed without fail. For example: [-=], [=-], and [-=,=].
Complex subordinates
There should always be a dependent part here. It is distinguished by round brackets with a word inscribed in them, which serves as a link, and it is to it that the question is raised, coming from the main word or phrase. How to draw up a sentence scheme in this case can be seen in a good example: [-=], (because).
Alternative view of the schematic drawing
Besides linear types, it is sometimes customary to use vertical schemes. Their main difference from the first ones is the absence of commas and other punctuation marks and the location under the main part. In this case, there can be any number of subordinate clauses. For example:
[-=]
why? (because)
what? (who).
Higher education
The question arises of how to map out a proposal during pre-university training as well. In this case, specialized posters are practiced with the image of accessory parts in the form of circles, and the main ones in the form of rectangles. In addition, in some situations, unions can be taken out of the graphic figures, but with the obligatory leaving of the allied word inside. This must be done, since the union is the same part of the word as the other components (participle, predicate, subject, and so on).
