The human body is not a set of organs and systems. This is a complex biological system connected by regulatory mechanisms of the nervous and endocrine nature. And one of the main structures in the system of regulation of the body's activity is the hypothalamic-pituitary system. In the article we will consider the anatomy and physiology of this complex system. Let us give a brief description of the hormones that are secreted by the thalamus and hypothalamus, as well as a brief overview of disorders of the hypothalamic-pituitary system and diseases that