Recipients are, in a word, interlocutors. If we imagine the process of communication on a global scale, then the country can take on the role of an opponent or its region. At the same time, we are no longer talking about the process of communication, but about interaction, which has its own psychological patterns.
Recipient in Psychology
This is a person who receives a message in the form of sound, visual images, smells. In contrast to the perceiver, they call the communicator - this is the one who communicates information.
Difficulties in the communication process
Any contact is made for a specific purpose, which does not always coincide with both interlocutors. If it is achieved, then the communication was successful. However, various psychological moments play a huge role in the transmission process:
- establishing contact (self-presentation by the communicator of oneself, the recipient's first impression of the interlocutor);
- communication barriers preventing communication;
- using active listening techniques,contributing to the understanding of the transmitted message, methods of argumentation;
- gender, age, professional, national and other characteristics of interlocutors that affect both the process itself and the result of interaction.
The interlocutors are constantly changing roles. Moreover, recipients are people with an active position. After all, they must not only perceive information, concentrate on it, but also decipher it (the communicator transmits the message in an encoded form, using words and other available means of speech, as well as non-verbal signals consciously or not, i.e. using gestures, facial expressions, posture).
Science Achievements
All these difficulties and features of the process of communication between two peoplefor many decades have been studied in detail in sociology and social psychology. The result of this can be called a huge amount of useful theoretical material, special training programs to improve certain communication skills (for example, telephone conversations, sales techniques), a lot of psychotherapy techniques for use in the practice of psychologists-consultants.
And yet "recipients" is a concept that, like any other object of study, still raises many questions.
Group as recipient
In psychology, interpersonal communication and group communication are distinguished. Each of these types has its own characteristics. For the first, they have already been listed. Let's dwell on the second in more detail.
Group sizes may vary. ATthe recipient can be:
- production or work team;
- professionals in their fields (for example, businessmen, doctors, psychologists, athletes, builders, drivers);
- study group (in university, secondary education and primary institution);
- residents of one region or the whole country.
Recipients are also social groups (political, divided by beliefs, by nations, by gender, age or other characteristics).
The main and most interesting psychological phenomenon revealed in the process of researching group communication is comfort (changing one's mind under the influence of someone else), as well as many socio-psychological characteristics of human behavior in a group. This knowledge eventually resulted in the development of methods and techniques for managing a team, for example, labor or potential voters (for example, with the help of motivation).
New in science
As you know, science has always focused on the study of facts that can be observed in everyday life, for the sake of a more rational approach to them. Thus, we have learned a lot about the peculiarities of communication of individual social groups.
Studying the interaction of prominent representatives of a particular community has brought a new concept. Early recipients are leaders, innovators, those who created a new method of work, came up with a technological technique. And also these are production and labor teams that brought the idea to life. Subsequently, the authors of scientific and technical developments, ideas andinventions began to be singled out in a separate category - "innovators". Inevitably, "imitators" and "laggards" found themselves in this chain. The first are the teams that have adopted the technology after the early recipients. The second are organizations that produce obsolete goods, in the production of which innovations that are already recognized by everyone are not used.
Ideas about leaders, innovators and imitators are very important, as well as awareness of the real situation in the market in a particular segment. The level of profit, reputation and the prospect of further development of the company depend on this. Informed leaders never spare money to increase the innovative potential of their company: recruiting new employees who are innovators in spirit, investing in new projects (research, development, design), trial implementation in production, marketing moves when selling new products or services.
Country as an integral organism
Also, through the prism of market relations, countries are considered as recipients. Here we are talking not about the process of information exchange, but about the impact of one opponent on another. In this case, the recipient country is the state that receives immigrants on its territory. In these circumstances, both the political and economic consequences and the psychological background are important: the attitude of the country's inhabitants towards refugees and the adaptation of the immigrants themselves to a different way of life. The state, as an integral organism, can reject the "donor's organ" and attack each of its components. Especially if the "cells" behave inappropriately to the situation (they are not able to take root). Unfortunately, in the recipient countries, although they accept natives of other states and regions, they are not always engaged in their adaptation to new living conditions. If this is done, it is only superficially. But many unpleasant consequences could have been avoided, for example, the aggressive behavior of "professional Nazis".
The state as a recipient is also spoken of when it receives income, any payments from other countries or investments.
Thus, a completely different meaning can be hidden under the term. If in medicine it is an organism for a donor organ, then in the field of mobile communications, the recipient operator is the one to whom subscribers of other companies come (the phone number is saved). In psychology, it can be either an individual person with their own perceptions, ideas about the world, their own filters for incoming information, or entire communities, countries.
