Science 2024, December

Each of us has heard more than once that space is something outside our planet, it is the Universe. In general, space is a space that stretches endlessly in all directions, including galaxies and stars, black holes and planets, cosmic dust and other objects. There is an opinion that there are other planets or even entire galaxies that are also inhabited by intelligent people. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Today, the global economy requires financial analysts to revise management approaches, apply relevant methods to improve the efficiency of socio-economic systems. One of these methods is a functional cost analysis, focused on reducing resource costs in production, simplifying and improving management efficiency. Last modified: 2024-01-18 03:01

Merge sort algorithm. Principle of operation, features, advantages and disadvantages. Mechanisms for splitting and merging sequences. Time complexity. External data sorting and its varieties. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

The Copernican revolution ousted humanity from the center of the universe, the Darwinian revolution elevated it to the center of the biological kingdom, and the Freudian revolution opened the door to psychic life. Today, information and communication technologies are leading the fourth Internet revolution, or the revolution of artificial intelligence. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Such a topic as the superpowers of people has long been of concern to scientists and every curious person. A lot of films have been created on this subject and many works have been written. So is this a myth or a reality?. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

How many stars are there in the sky? I wonder if there is at least one person who, with delight and inexplicable reverence for the night luminaries, did not ask this question? And, probably, many even tried to count them. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

In addition to providing light and heat, the Sun impacts the Earth through ultraviolet radiation, a constant stream of solar wind and particles from large flares. Emissions of clouds of energy particles that form a ring current around the magnetosphere cause sharp fluctuations in the magnetic field of our planet, called geomagnetic storms. These phenomena disrupt radio communications and create power surges on long-distance lines and other long conductors. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

The skin is a natural protective barrier for all internal organs from external influences, so it has a complex structure and a number of vital functions Let's find out how the skin ensures the body's smooth operation. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Almost a hundred years ago, A. Oparin presented the world with an idea explaining the process of the birth of the first cell and the origin of life on Earth, which reinforced Darwin's evolutionary theory. Does Oparin's theory have the right to life in the modern scientific world?. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Society is divided into social strata according to several personal characteristics: employment, we alth, influence on others, etc. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

The theory of value was first formulated by Adam Smith in the 18th century. Since then, several more common interpretations of this idea have appeared. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Have you ever thought about how manufacturers of goods are guided by setting certain prices for them? It is clear that they take into account the cost of their competitors' products, but after all, competitors must also be guided by something. We can say that their pricing policy depends on the reaction of consumers. Well, what do the decisions of the buyer depend on?. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Currently, matches are a very ordinary household item, which at first glance is not of particular interest. Nevertheless, these thin wooden sticks have a whole range of properties that ensure the effectiveness and safety of their use. The composition of matches is very complex and includes many components, each of which performs its own function. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Selenite broth is an enrichment medium with selective properties, designed to isolate pathogenic bacteria of the genus Salmonella (lat. Salmonella). It is very effective if it is necessary to detect this particular pathogen among other representatives of the intestinal microflora. The medium is used for both clinical diagnostics and sanitary purposes in food testing. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Glycocalyx is a complex supramembrane complex that forms a thin shell on the surface of the plasmalemma of animal cells and bacterial cytoplasmic membranes. The term comes from a combination of the Greek and Latin words glykys callum, which literally means "sweet thick skin". Indeed, the glycocalyx acts as an additional cell membrane and is built mainly from carbohydrate molecules, but unlike the plasma membrane, it has a fleecy structure rather than a continuous one. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

A feature of plant cells is the presence in their protoplasts of special liquid reservoirs - vacuoles with cell sap. Since its contents are chemically different from the composition of the hyaloplasm, a membrane boundary passes between them, called the tonoplast. This shell surrounding the vacuole performs many functions: from maintaining the shape of the organoid itself to regulating the state of the entire cell. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

In the structure of a eukaryotic cell, a special group of organelles is distinguished that perform motor and support functions. Such components are referred to as a protein cytoskeleton formed on the basis of filaments, fibrils and microtubules. The latter form the main frame organelle - the cell center (centrosome), which is based on 2 cylinders called centrioles. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Ammonium bifluoride is a toxic industrial inorganic compound used in the glass, oil and metallurgical industries. The substance is often used as a substitute for hydrofluoric acid or hydrogen fluoride. Last modified: 2024-01-02 17:01

In this material we will talk about such an economic concept as the magnitude of demand. This parameter will also be considered in the context of its interaction with supply, demand elasticity and other factors. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Even a person with no interest in space has ever seen a movie about space travel or read about such things in books. In almost all such works, people walk around the ship, sleep normally, and do not experience problems with eating. This means that these - fictional - ships have artificial gravity. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

To travel, you need to know at least approximately where you are going. Better yet, firmly understand where you will get to, and how best to get from point A to point B. There are maps for this. Unlike plans (of cities or a relatively small area), they have a larger scale and determine the geographical coordinates of objects. This is done for convenience. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

If you are invited to courses in innate literacy for schoolchildren or adults, you are looking at pure charlatans. “Neurolinguistics, the unconscious level, and the launch of the program in the brain” are favorite expressions in the description of such training. Inborn literacy does not exist, it is a myth. There is a sense of language. Here you can work on it. But only at an early age. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Many believe that a seminar is a routine and non-binding format of learning. There was an offensive devaluation of the concept: who just does not spend mediocre and inefficient hours of training, calling them seminars. Is it possible to correct the current situation? Reading, thinking and preparing for real seminars. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Economists and politicians treat the famous American Wagner law differently. Some refer to it as the most advanced and call it the pinnacle of liberal labor legislation. Others consider this law one of the reasons for the unsuccessful fight against the severe unemployment that prevailed in the 30s in the United States. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

2018 can be called a fateful year in metrology, because this is the time of a real technological revolution in the international system of units of physical quantities SI. It is about revising the definitions of the main physical quantities. Will a kilogram of potatoes in the supermarket now weigh in a new way? C potatoes will be the same. Something else will change. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

The most complete description of the types of analysis is given within the framework of the scientific economic approach, although this term is actively used in a number of other disciplines. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Cellulose is a derivative of two natural substances: wood and cotton. In plants, it performs an important function, gives them flexibility and strength. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Color schemes are most often associated with interiors. Everyone who has ever made repairs in the apartment and painted the walls most likely used a palette of paint shades printed on long paper rectangles. There are color schemes for resistors - electronic devices that convert current into voltage. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

He was called the king of intuition. Joseph Priestley remained in history as the author of fundamental discoveries in the field of gas chemistry and in the theory of electricity. He was a theosophist and priest who was called an "honest heretic". Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

The science of anthropometry - the measurement of the physical parameters of a person, gave rise to a new doctrine - habitology, human identification by external signs, helping forensic scientists and police officers in the search and identification of criminals. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Lasers are becoming increasingly important research tools in medicine, physics, chemistry, geology, biology and engineering. If misused, they can cause blindness and injury (including burns and electrical shock) to operators and other personnel, including casual visitors to the laboratory, as well as significant property damage. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

This article describes forecasting methods, their meaning, classification and brief characteristics. The main criteria for choosing these methods are presented and examples of their effective practical application are given. The special role of forecasting methodology in the modern world of increased instability is also emphasized. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Modeling the life of goods allows not only to achieve the desired result, but also to optimize its stay at various stages, from implementation to exit from the market. From the point of view of the consumer, the product carries not only consumer properties. Its qualities as a source of information are of interest to the consumer, and the manufacturer opens up new paths to financial success. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

The formation of concepts is a simple process, but at the same time, psychologists have not studied it. But it is very good to depict it on the example of technology, how to study any material through definitions. This article describes this technique in more detail, and also reveals the meaning of the word "concept" itself and its main differences from the term. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

In the conditions of the formation of a market economy, there is almost no area of production or life that would not need to be taken out of a crisis state. In this regard, a creative, intelligent, competitive personality is becoming increasingly important. At the same time, she should strive for constant self-development. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Litmus paper is paper that has been chemically treated with litmus infusion. It is used to determine the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a medium. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Such a method of collecting primary diverse information as a sociological survey has recently become incredibly popular and, one might even say, familiar. People who organize them are found almost everywhere - on the streets, on the Internet, you can get a message from them by phone or mail. What is the reason for such popularity of polls and what, in fact, is their essence?. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Bacteria are the most ancient category of organisms that still exist on our globe today. The very first bacteria arose over 3.5 billion years ago. For almost a billion years, they were the only active creatures on our planet. Then their torso had a primitive structure. What soil bacteria exist, varieties and habitat - all this is considered within the framework of this article. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

The word "coordination" is of Latin origin. In translation, it means unification, consistency, ordering. This word is also used in relation to the motor activity of people. In this case, it indicates the degree of coordination of human movements with the requirements of the environment. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Age periodization has different boundaries in different approaches. However, each age of a person, one way or another, has its own characteristics. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12