Science 2024, December

Wormholes in space. Astronomical hypotheses

The stellar universe is fraught with many mysteries. According to the general theory of relativity (GR), created by Einstein, we live in a four-dimensional space-time. It is curved, and gravity, familiar to all of us, is a manifestation of this property. Matter bends, "bends" the space around it, and the more, the denser it is. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Endless space. How many universes exist? Is there a limit to space?

We see the starry sky all the time. Space seems mysterious and immense, and we are only a tiny part of this vast world, mysterious and silent. Throughout life, mankind asks different questions. What is out there, outside our galaxy? Is there something outside of space?. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Composition of Neptune's atmosphere. General information about the planet Neptune

Scientific astronomers do not forget for a second that, in addition to the Earth with its problems and joys, there are many other distant and mysterious objects. One of them is the planet Neptune, the eighth in terms of distance from the Sun, inaccessible to direct observation and therefore doubly attractive to researchers. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Albert Hoffmann - Swiss chemist, father of LSD: biography

Albert Hoffmann, the Swiss chemist who gave the world LSD, first synthesized the compound lysergic acid in 1938, but did not discover its psychopharmacological effects. Five years later, he accidentally consumed a substance that the 1960s counterculture called "acid.". Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Deferent duct: photo, anatomy, structure, length

The vas deferens is a paired organ that is part of the system of the vas deferens of the epididymis and testicles, as well as an integral part of the duct of the epididymis. This duct ends at the junction with the canal of the seminal vesicle. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Nutritious media in microbiology

Research on bacteria requires meticulous work with numerous equipment and instruments. In order for microorganisms to multiply as quickly as possible in laboratory conditions and to be able to maintain normal vital activity, special nutrient media are used. Their composition and biophysical conditions are suitable for the active growth of a bacterial culture. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Albert Einstein: quotes that will interest everyone

Albert Einstein is one of the most brilliant scientists of all mankind. He created the famous theory of relativity, and yet to this day he remains a mysterious figure. His views are of interest to many, but they are also a stumbling block - after all, not everyone can interpret them correctly. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Earth's magnetosphere: consequences of its change. Outer shells of the Earth

General concepts of the Earth's magnetosphere. Reasons for the appearance of a magnetic field. Functions of the magnetosphere, its structure, parameters. Earth's magnetic poles, their movement, impact on humans. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Conceptual design: methods, means, goals and objectives

The ability to see the essence of things and build systems that act adequately to a changing situation is the essence of conceptual design. Objective collection, filtering and analysis of information. Definition of actual requirements and logic of the statement of the purpose - style and method of conceptual design. The result of conceptual design is the better, the less information is required for its understanding and implementation in reality. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Do we know human capabilities? Development of human capabilities

For a long time people attach great importance to their development and evaluation of their own abilities. Centuries ago, there was an opinion according to which a person chose the wrong vector of development. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Applied and fundamental research. Fundamental Research Methods

The directions of research that underlie the most diverse scientific disciplines, which affect all the determining conditions and patterns and guide absolutely all processes, are fundamental research. Any field of knowledge that requires theoretical and experimental scientific research, the search for patterns that are responsible for the structure, shape, structure, composition, properties, as well as for the course of processes associated with them, is a fundamental science. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Subcutaneous adipose tissue: structure and function

What is subcutaneous fat? What are the functions of the hypodermis in the human body? Its structure and features. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Charles Babbage's computer. Biography, ideas and inventions of Charles Babbage

Charles Babbage was an English mathematician and inventor who designed the first automatic digital computer. In addition, he helped create the modern English postal system and compiled the first reliable actuarial tables, invented a type of speedometer and invented the railway clearer. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Types of solutions. Types of concentration solutions

Solutions are a homogeneous mass or mixture consisting of two or more substances, in which one substance acts as a solvent, and the other as soluble particles. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Concentration of ideal gas molecules. Formulas and sample problem

Gas has a high reactivity compared to liquid and solid bodies due to the large area of its active surface and the high kinetic energy of the particles forming the system. In this case, the chemical activity of the gas, its pressure and some other parameters depend on the concentration of molecules. Let's consider in this article what this value is and how it can be calculated. Last modified: 2024-01-02 17:01

Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM): what is it and where is it used

Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is the name of a family of digital modulation methods and a related family of analog methods widely used in modern telecommunications to transmit information. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Types of lightning: linear, intracloud, ground. Lightning discharge. How ball lightning is formed

Lightning can be attributed to the most mysterious and dangerous natural phenomena. There are many types of these natural discharges. Although they differ from each other, but without exception, they all have the most powerful destructive power. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Fundamentals of inorganic chemistry. Oxidation state

The article provides general information about the structure of the atom and the algorithm of chemical reactions (examples are given). Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Kinematic viscosity. Mechanics of liquids and gases

Kinematic viscosity is a fundamental physical characteristic of all gas and liquid media. This indicator is of key importance in determining the drag of moving solid bodies and the load that they experience. As you know, in our world, any movement occurs in the air or water environment. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Catalytic reactions: examples from inorganic chemistry

The concept of "chemical reaction" is the second main concept of chemistry. Every second, an innumerable number of reactions take place in the world, as a result of which one substance turns into another. We can observe some reactions directly, for example, the rusting of iron objects, blood clotting, and the combustion of automobile fuel. At the same time, the vast majority of reactions remain invisible, but they determine the properties of the world around us. Last modified: 2024-01-02 17:01

What do the branches of physics study

What branches of physics are there, and what physical processes are the subjects of their study? You will find the answer in this article. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Wave function and its statistical meaning. Types of wave function and its collapse

This article describes the wave function and its physical meaning. We also consider the application of this concept in the framework of the Schrödinger equation. Last modified: 2024-01-02 17:01

Statistical information: collection, processing, analysis

In statistics, groups of individual data points can be classified as belonging to any of the various types of statistics. For example, categorical type ("red", "blue", "green"), real number (1.68, -5, 1.7e + 6), odd number (1.3.5), etc. Statistical data is also called statistical information. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Stages of scientific and technological revolution: main directions, stages, structure and consequences

Scientific and technological revolution (NTR) characterizes the current level of scientific and technological progress, a feature of which is the rapid development of fundamentally new industries and the discovery of previously unknown laws of nature. Moreover, the result of success is not only technological developments, but also the expansion of theoretical knowledge. There are different stages of scientific and technological revolution, which have their own character, features of development and influence on the further course of progress. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Psychological sciences: definition, characteristics, classification, methods, tasks, stages of development and goals

Psychology is a field of knowledge about the inner world of animals and humans. There are several stages in the development of psychological science: about the soul, about consciousness, about the psyche, about behavior. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Empirical and theoretical knowledge

Scientific knowledge can be divided into two levels: theoretical and empirical. The first is based on inferences, the second is based on experiments and interaction with the object under study. Despite their different nature, these methods are equally important for the development of science. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Pedagogy is The science of pedagogy. Social Pedagogy. Problems of Pedagogy

The history of pedagogy is rooted in the distant past. Together with the first people, education also appeared, but the science of this process of personality formation was formed much later. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Lymph - what is it? What is its significance in the human body?

What is lymph? What functions does it perform in the human body? How does it affect us and our activities?. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Psychophysiology - what is it? Age physiology and psychophysiology

Psychophysiology is the science of the physiological foundations of behavior and mental activity. This article provides basic information about it. You will learn the history of its origin, the features of the methodology, its significance, as well as some other important information about this science. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Parts of the hand: anatomy features

The upper limb of a person played an important role in the evolutionary formation of it as a biological species. In our article, we will consider the parts of the human and animal hand, the features of their structure and functioning. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Black hole and time travel

The evolution of stars, depending on their mass, occurs in different ways. Astronomers believe that a stellar black hole is formed due to the collapse of a very massive star. Over time, it burns out hydrogen, then helium, and then the moment "x" comes, when the severity of the surface layers can no longer be balanced by internal pressure and the process of strong compression of the mass begins. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Star Hagen-Esquerra - the world's first asexual man

One of the most progressive US states - California - is seriously considering a law that recognizes the existence of such a sex as a non-binary, which is, in fact, a third gender. This is due to the appearance of the world's first asexual man. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

What determines muscle strength?

Many people think that muscle strength directly depends on their volume. To some extent, this is true. But there are seven other factors that together allow a person with a small amount of muscle to outperform a larger opponent in strength disciplines. Let's find out what these factors are. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Basic general education. Exemplary program of basic general education

What is basic general education? What does it include? What are the goals for him? How is the implementation mechanism implemented?. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

What is a cultural approach

The specific methodology of any science is revealed through certain principles. In pedagogy, these are anthropological, holistic, personal, activity, cultural approaches. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Vavilov's law of homological series: description, features and meaning

The law of homologous series, discovered by Vavilov, is comparable in its importance in selection to Mendeleev's periodic system of elements in chemistry. About what is its essence and meaning - read in the article. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Learning theory and its types

Theory of learning is an independent part of the science of pedagogy. It is also commonly called didactics (from the Greek "didacticos" - educating, instructing). Teachers in the schools of ancient Greece were called didascals, since they were entrusted with the responsibility not only to give young people certain knowledge, but also to educate them as real citizens. Gradually, in the colloquial language, this concept acquired a contemptuous meaning: “the desire to teach everyone, to overly moralize”. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Three-dimensional space of the material world

Three-dimensional space is a geometric model of the world in which we live. It is called three-dimensional because its description corresponds to three unit vectors having a direction in length, width and height. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Functions of pedagogy as a science. Object and categories of pedagogy

The most important functions of pedagogy are associated with the knowledge of the laws governing the upbringing, education and training of the individual and the development of optimal means for solving the main tasks of a person's personal development. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12

Individual development of the organism. Process Features

Ontogeny, or the individual development of an organism, is a complex process, which is influenced by various factors. What can be the cause of ontogeny, what are its main stages?. Last modified: 2023-12-17 05:12