It is known that a haircut is a rather complex technological process that requires great creative skills from the person who works with hair. What operations does it consist of? Let's consider each of them further with a description of some features.
List of transactions
In order to create the desired hairstyle, it is not at all necessary to perform all the operations that are available in principle. As practice shows, not all actions from the list below are relevant for creating a particular image.
What is a shearing operation? These currently include:
- cutting strands on fingers with scissors;
- thinning;
- creating a border;
- shading;
- pointing;
- graduation;
- transfer;
- hair reduction.
Let's consider further all the listed operations, as well as some features of their implementation.
Cutting finger hair
Students in hairdressing courses often hear from the teacher: "Define the operation of cutting hair." When answering this question, it is worth noting that this process is present in the technology for creating any hairstyle. Hair cutting is a change in their length with the help of cutting-type tools. Consider further its fundamental features.
At the very beginning of the haircut process, each hairdresser must divide the hairline into parts: parietal, occipital and temporal. After that, the strands must be fixed. How to section your hair properly?
First of all, you need to make a parting going through the top of the head from one ear to the other. It is also called sagittal. He will divide the head into parietal and occipital parts. Then, by horizontal division from ear to ear through the tubercles, the upper and lower occipital zones are designated. After that, a vertical parting is performed from the middle of the forehead through the middle of the back of the head. Lateral divisions indicate the temporal zones. They go from the tops of the frontal depressions to the parting through the top of the head.
After dividing the entire scalp into parts, it is necessary to start processing each of them in accordance with the technology prescribed for a particular haircut. During this procedure, it is recommended to separate only small curls, making diagonal, vertical or horizontal parting.
To carry out the haircut operation, you must use hairdressing scissors that have undergone high-quality sharpening. To perform a withdrawal,select a strand from the total mass of hair, the thickness of which will be no more than 0.5-1 cm and cut it at the desired angle, focusing on the intended length. In the process of carrying out this operation, it should be borne in mind that when making a cut of length, you need to focus on the curl that was processed before. In order not to lose the evenness of the cut line, you need to work at a distance of about 1 cm from the line fixed with your fingers. As for the cutting technology itself, it can be made both from the back and from the inside of the palm.
Nullification
One of the important skills of a master in the field of hairdressing is to reduce the length of hair to nothing. This operation is the creation of a gradual change in the length of the curls from the longest sections to the shortest, creating a gradual transition. It should be noted that in this case, the line located along the edge of their growth will serve as the convergence zone.
As practice shows, nulling is one of the main operations when cutting hair. Masters make it with the help of various cutting tools, among which sharply sharpened scissors and a special machine most often act. In the comments left by masters in the field of hairdressing, it is often noted that with the help of a typewriter, as a rule, rough work is carried out, which subsequently needs to be corrected with scissors. Also, when carrying out this process using a machine, it is worth remembering that the action can beperform only on dry hair, otherwise the line will turn out uneven.
Practice shows that some hairdressers perform the operation to reduce the length of the hair to nothing with a straight razor. To carry out such an action, the curls need to be wetted, combed thoroughly, and only after that use the tool. Only by following the described procedure, it is possible to protect the hair scales from damage during the cut.
Shading
What is shading? This is one of the basic haircut operations, which involves getting a smooth transition from one length of strand to another. At first glance, it may seem that shading and reducing hair to nothing are the same procedures, but in fact this is not at all the case. It is worth noting that the shading process requires a higher level of skill of the hairdresser and involves the use of extremely sharp scissors, and the entire operation is carried out only with their sharp ends.
To achieve maximum accuracy in the execution of the technique, the master must use not only scissors, but also a comb, which should be used to symmetrically comb out individual curls in the planned direction, while cutting the ends at an obtuse angle.
Practice shows that the longer the transition from small to large length, the more effective it will look, but it is worth noting that such work is a rather laborious process.
Change
If necessary, name cutting operations from the category of additional,it is certainly worth highlighting the transfer - a procedure that is considered auxiliary and is used exclusively in the implementation of shading and nullification. As practice shows, the implementation of this function is especially important when creating hairstyles with fairly short hair (5-10 mm).
To carry out the transfer process, you need to fix the scissors in a half-open state and, picking up a strand of hair with them, throw it on the teeth of the comb, and then cut it to the level of the required length. After the cut hair, comb out and do the same with all the other strands.
After the master removes the excess length, he can proceed with the standard hair treatment by carrying out the operation of nulling or shading.
Thinning
Name the cutting operations: when solving such a problem, any specialist in the field of hairdressing will certainly note thinning.
This procedure is quite widely used in the process of creating fashionable hairstyles. Thinning is the process of creating uneven hair lengths. In this case, the longest sections of the haircut will be in its central part, and the short ones in the peripheral regions. The main purpose of the operation is to emphasize the texture of the haircut, its shape, as well as visually lighten the tips of the curls.
Often thinning is carried out in the basal part of hair growth. This is required to thin out their excessive density.
Creating a border
Determining the hair cutting operations thatmust be present in the process of creating a new hairstyle, you should definitely talk about edging. As a rule, this manipulation is final and involves the creation of the final outline of the general appearance of the haircut, which acts as a limiting line along the entire hairline or in certain areas of the cover.
In the field of hairdressing, there are three types of border creation, depending on the place of their definition: temporal, cervical and fringing bangs.
As for the edging of the bangs, it is carried out with the help of simple but sharply sharpened scissors, making sawtooth or point cuts.
When creating a border in the temporal region, it is recommended to start working from the left side, as it is less convenient. The procedure is carried out using any shearing or cutting tool, which can be scissors, a machine or even a razor. The same goes for the neck piping.
Pointing
Recently, in the process of haircuts, another operation has become quite widely used - pointing. It is a mixture of thinning hair and shortening their length. It is worth noting that during such an action, the cut line begins to resemble a fringe, which looks very original.
It is convenient to perform the procedure both on the comb and on the fingers. To create such a cut line along the entire cut line, you need to make several point cuts 1-2 mm deep.
Graduation
With the advent of bob haircuts in the fashion world, an operation called graduation has become quite popular, with which you can create a rounded silhouette of a haircut.
In order to make the correct graduation, you should separate the strand and hold it between your fingers, pulling it along the neck. Having made a torn cut from the inside of the fingers, you need to press the second same strand to it and, pulling it, cut it 5-7 mm longer. Further, the cutting process should be continued according to the same method. It is worth noting that if it is observed, the ends of the finished haircut will bend inward. If there is a desire to make them even or look outward, cuts should be made from the outside of the fingers.
