History

The Order of the Swordsmen, created to colonize the territories of the B altic states, due to severe military failures, was forced to seek an alliance with the stronger Order of the Teutonic Knights. These events are described in the article. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Mary, the Scottish queen, lived a colorful life. Her tragic fate still attracts the attention of writers and other representatives of the art world. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

There have been many famous cities in the history of mankind. However, the most mysterious of them was Jerusalem. The history of this place has known more wars than any other settlement on the planet. Despite this, the city survived and today continues to flourish, being a shrine for three religions. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Heresies are an integral part of Christianity. The established church and heretics are, by definition, at war. However, in the era of the Middle Ages and the New Age, the concept of "heresy" became too ambiguous. About what views could be classified as heresy, and how they fought heretics, this article tells. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Hadrian ruled the Roman Empire in 117-138. In his era, the vast state enjoyed stability and prosperity. Adrian himself is deservedly remembered as one of the "five good emperors" of Rome. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The events of 1453 left an indelible impression in the memory of contemporaries. The fall of Byzantium was the main news for the peoples of Europe. For some, this caused sadness, for others, gloating. But there were no indifferent. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Today, few people, even among the citizens of Poland, know who Sigismund II Augustus is, what he became famous for, what ordinary people remember during his reign. And it’s completely in vain - for his time he was a very outstanding person. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article tells about the outstanding US military and political figure George Washington, who became the first president of this state. A brief overview of the history of his life and the main stages of his biography is given. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Hard childhood, war, hungry years became an impetus for him to study well, and an attempt to learn Indian culture turned into the meaning of life. Leonid Vladimirovich Shebarshin, after graduating from the Institute of International Relations, began his career as a translator and attaché in Pakistan. When the State Security Committee became interested in a capable young man as an employee, Leonid Vladimirovich considered it an honor and agreed to work for the good of his homeland. At the age of 77, Leonid Vladimirovich shot himself in his apartment. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Philip 2 The Spanish developed his political views with the direct participation of his father. Despite a long absence and rare visits home, Charles V tried personally, through letters and special instructions, to instruct his son in management matters. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Arkady Kamanin is a pioneer hero, whose biography is a vivid example of love for the motherland, readiness to protect the native land from enemies in the name of a brighter future. Arkady earned the Order of the Red Banner at the beginning of 1945 - for the delivery of secret documents and food for a walkie-talkie to a partisan detachment. The young man had to make a 1.5-hour flight over the front line along an unfamiliar route, characterized by difficult mountainous terrain, which greatly complicated the task. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

B altasar Gracian is an outstanding Spanish writer of the 17th century. He successfully combined spiritual and worldly activities - he was a Jesuit and a philosopher at the same time. As a legacy, he left magnificent books that made up an anthology of Spanish literature and are still classic works of the Baroque era. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Praxiteles is a sculptor who lived in ancient Greece. The famous sculptor introduced elements of lyrics into art and succeeded in creating divine images. It is believed that it was he who was the first to praise the beauty of the naked body in his marble works. Researchers call the master a "singer of female beauty". Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

At the very end of World War II, the Seelow Heights, located east of Berlin, were stormed. This truly great battle showed the heroism and incredible self-sacrifice of many soldiers and officers of the Soviet Army at a time when there was less than a month left before the Great Victory. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Mikhail Aleksandrovich Romanov was the very last Russian tsar. He was a full-fledged heir to the throne even before the birth of Tsarevich Alexei. Tsar Nicholas II, who ruled at that time, understood that his own son Alexei, who had hemophilia, would not be able to fully manage the state. Therefore, he abdicated in favor of Romanov, and he became a full-fledged king. However, he was not destined to rule for a long time. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Buses, like many things in everyday life, have a deep history of creation, ideas and its implementation. Inventions of this kind have deep roots and are continuously connected with the history of trams, trains and trolleybuses. None of this could have appeared in its modern form without the steam engine, which appeared at the end of the 18th century. The invention of the bus was a huge leap forward in the world of human transportation technology. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Zemnukhov Ivan Alexandrovich was one of the leaders of the "Young Guard" - an underground organization in the Ukrainian town of Krasnodon, which stood up to defend the Motherland during the years of fascist occupation. The underground included more than 70 people: 24 girls and 47 boys. Reasonable Zemnukhov was the chief of staff of the organization. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Fencing took place in the history of England at the very beginning of the New Age. They led to the impoverishment of the peasantry and the accumulation of big capital by landowners. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The history of Smolensk is of interest not only to residents and guests of this city. It is marked by many events of national significance. The diamond capital of Russia, the key city, the hero city spread over 7 hills… When they talk about Smolensk, they talk about the history of all of Russia, because it was here that the destinies and paths of our Fatherland often crossed. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

November 5, 1854, the famous battle of Inkerman took place. Under the leadership of Generals Soimonov and Pavlov, the British army was attacked. The British were in a hopeless situation, only the intervention of the French General Bosquet saved them. The Russian army was forced to retreat due to heavy losses. What is the significance of the Inkerman battle. What Russian army suffered losses. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

After Stalingrad and the Kursk Bulge, the course of the Great Patriotic War was finally broken, the Red Army began to reclaim its land. World War II was drawing to a close. The liberation of Belarus was an important stage on the way to victory. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

What do we know about the soldiers of the First World War? It so happened that in Russia this is an unpopular topic, and, to be honest, not well studied. In our minds since the days of the Soviet Union, this is a "shameful" war, an "imperialist massacre." Maybe it is so, but soldiers and officers of the Russian Empire fought on it, who firmly believed that they were defending their homeland, the interests of the people. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

One of the first legends that sounded authentic were the stories that people were created by the Supreme Mind, that is, God. According to other myths that tell how the first man appeared, people descended from certain bisexual creatures - hermaphrodites. These are just a few of the theories. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Charles Gray was born March 13, 1764 in England. For four years, from 1830 to 1834, he served as prime minister and managed to achieve significant success. During his reign, the electoral reform was adopted and slavery was abolished. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article is devoted to a brief review of Zubatov's biography. The work indicates the main stages of his service and the significance of the activity. Last modified: 2025-06-01 07:06

Mikhail Naumov - General of the Great Patriotic War, commander of a partisan detachment of cavalry. An active participant in the opposition to the Nazis on the territory of occupied Ukraine. He was one of the main leaders of the partisan movement. In 1943 he received the title of Hero of the USSR. This article will present a brief biography of General. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Nikon chronicle is the largest historical monument of the 16th century. It is interesting in that it presents the most complete list of events in Russian history that are not found in other handwritten sources. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

What did the first money look like? Where did the first banknotes appear? And why is the ruble called the ruble? Find answers to these and other interesting questions in this article. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Perhaps the most persistent and widespread association that arises with the word "revolution" is noisy street processions of people dissatisfied with something, angry protests, crowded rallies, over which previously banned flags and slogans are hovering. Revolution is a powerful tectonic shift that shakes society, it is a wave that sweeps away in its path almost everything that personifies the former regime. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The exceptional position of Peter the Great among other Russian monarchs is emphasized at least by the fact that even after the October Revolution, his memory was treated quite respectfully. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The concept of "Arab spring" appeared relatively recently. This expression is understood as a set of political changes of a radical nature that took place in a number of countries in North Africa (Maghreb) and the Middle East in the spring of 2011. However, the time frame of events is much wider. In a number of Arab countries, these actions date back to January of this year, and in Tunisia they took place as early as December 2010. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Kuntsevo cemetery sheltered the author of Dunno N.N. Nosov and known to those who remember the seventies, journalist Tatyana Tess. Reporter Dmitry Kholodov, who tragically died in the nineties, is also buried here. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article tells about the history of the Victory Flag: how it was made, how the building was chosen, where to place it. It is told how the flag was installed on the roof of the Reichstag, and how it was transported to its homeland. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

December 15, 37 Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus was born. That was the name of the future emperor Nero when he was born. He was of noble origin and belonged to the Domitian family. Many representatives of this family in former times held significant positions, in particular, they were consuls. Two of them were even censors. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The article tells about the knightly culture of the Middle Ages, which received an impetus to its development in VIII in connection with the formation of this new, and extremely closed social stratum of society. A brief overview of its most characteristic features is given. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The revolutionary events that took place in Russia from February to October 1917 actually destroyed a huge empire and led to the outbreak of the Civil War. Seeing such a difficult situation in the country, the remnants of the tsarist army decided to join their efforts to restore reliable power, in order to carry out military operations not only against the Bolsheviks, but also to defend the Motherland from the encroachments of an external aggressor. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

There are five bridges across the Dnieper in the Smolensk region. One is known from the 15th century. It was used by the Lithuanian troops. And later, in the 17th century, he served the Poles. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The ship "Sevastopol" is a battleship of the Russian fleet, which was designed at the B altic Shipyard by a number of specialists under the guidance of Professor I. G. Bubnov. The experience gained in the process of its development was taken as the basis for the creation of military vessels for the Black Sea Fleet of the "Empress Maria" type. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

Future US President Herbert Hoover was born on August 10, 1874 in West Branch. His parents were Quakers from provincial Iowa with German roots. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01

The Great Depression, which lasted about ten years, shocked the whole world, especially affecting the financial affairs of the great powers. What are the causes of the Great Depression in the USA? What happened in those terrible distant years? And how did the United States of America manage to get out of this situation?. Last modified: 2025-01-23 12:01