Science 2025, January

Absolutely all bodies that have a finite mass interact with each other due to the so-called force of attraction or gravity. We will give a definition of gravity in the article, and also consider what role it plays in nature and space. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Ecology, compared to botany, zoology or anatomy, is a relatively young biological discipline that emerged in the middle of the 19th century. It considers the connections of living objects and their communities between themselves and the physical environment. One of its sections - synecology - studies living organisms that are part of biogeocenoses: plants, insects, fungi, animals in interaction with each other. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Color is an amazing phenomenon of the surrounding world. It has many characteristics that determine its shade, and it also has a lot of influence on the perception of a person, on his psychology and mood. For the most complete understanding of this phenomenon, it is important to understand the basic characteristics of color. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Magmatism is one of the most important manifestations of deep processes in the earth's interior. According to the form of manifestation, magmatism is divided into intrusive and effusive. The difference between them lies in the conditions of evolution of magmas and the place of their solidification. Intrusive magmatism (plutonism) is characterized by the fact that the magma does not reach the surface. Intruding in one way or another into the overlying horizons of the host rocks, the magma solidifies at depth, forming intrusive (plutonic) bodies. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Each outstanding physicist left a noticeable mark in history, so the biographies of Nobel Prize winners are worth knowing even for those who are not too familiar with the science they studied. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

It is difficult to overestimate the role of iron for the human body, because it contributes to the "creation" of blood, its content affects the level of hemoglobin and myoglobin, iron normalizes the functioning of the enzyme system. But what is this element in terms of chemistry? What is the valency of iron? This will be discussed in this article. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

When studying mechanical motion in physics, after getting acquainted with the uniform and uniformly accelerated movement of objects, they proceed to consider the motion of a body at an angle to the horizon. In this article, we will study this issue in more detail. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

One of the most interesting tasks facing modern science is unraveling the mysteries of the universe. It is known that everything in the world consists of matter or matter. But, according to the assumptions of scientists, at the moment of the Big Bang, not only the substance of which all objects of the surrounding world are composed was formed, but also the so-called antimatter, antimatter and, therefore, the antiparticles of matter. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Glycerin is a trihydric alcohol. It is used in medicine, food industry, cosmetology and even for the preparation of dynamites. What are the properties of glycerin? Can you get it at home?. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

In technical thermodynamics, thermodynamic processes are studied. An adiabatic, more correctly called an adiabatic process, takes place without the supply or removal of heat due to internal energy. On the basis of this process, the main cycles of heat engines are built. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

The Pearson distribution is a family of continuous probability distributions. It was first introduced by Karl Pearson in 1895 and later expanded in 1901 and 1916 in a series of papers on biostatistics. In addition, Pearson had a number of other interesting ideas, but rejected by modern science. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Tambov is a small city, which is the administrative center of the region, located in Central Russia, 480 km from Moscow. In the article we will talk about what this city is and about its population. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

What are the satellites of Venus? This is a question that has occupied the minds of scientists for several centuries. This mysterious cosmic body turned out to be the only planet named after a female goddess. However, the uniqueness of Venus lies not only in this. What is known about the satellites of the mysterious planet, reminiscent of the Earth in terms of gravity, composition and dimensions? Did they ever exist?. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

In psychotherapy in the early nineties of the last century, a new method appeared, which was called the “Hellinger constellation”. Having received its name thanks to the founder, it is successfully used by specialists today. Moreover, every year it enjoys increasing popularity, since its use, oddly enough for many, is striking in its effectiveness. Followers appear, specialists are trained. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

How did life originate on Earth? The details are unknown to mankind, but the cornerstone principles have been established. There are two main theories and many minor ones. So, according to the main version, the organic components came to Earth from outer space, according to another, everything happened on Earth. Here are some of the most popular teachings. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Everyone has seen the clouds and roughly imagines what they are. But what are clouds made of and how are they formed? Let's try to answer this question. And although it is considered at school, many adults cannot answer it. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Historical geology or paleogeology is the discipline that uses the principles and methods of geology to reconstruct and study the geological history of the Earth. It is very closely related to paleontology. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Tungsten oxide is considered one of the most refractory in this class of inorganic substances. In order to give the metal a characteristic, we analyze the qualities of the metal itself. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Here the reader will find information about halogens, chemical elements of the periodic table of D. I. Mendeleev. The content of the article will allow you to get acquainted with their chemical and physical properties, location in nature, methods of application, etc. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

The ordinary incandescent light bulb, which is used in almost every home, is often referred to as an Edison light bulb. The history of its invention was not so simple. Before giving artificial light to billions of people, it has come a long way. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

A submersible is a small vehicle designed to operate underwater. The term is often used to distinguish it from other similar vehicles known as submarines. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

The law of conservation and transformation of energy establishes the relationship between kinetic and potential energy. Consider its history, modern formulation, postulates and practical application of this law. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Many scientists are investigating the causes of earthquakes, developing methods for fixing shocks, forecasting and warning. The amount of knowledge already accumulated by humanity on this issue allows minimizing losses in some cases. At the same time, examples of earthquakes in recent years clearly indicate that there is still a lot to be learned and done. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

It is easy to guess that a telescope is an optical instrument designed to observe celestial bodies. Indeed, its main task is to collect electromagnetic radiation emitted by a distant object and direct it to a focus, where an enlarged image is formed or an amplified signal is formed. To date, there are many different telescopes - from home, which anyone can purchase, to ultra-precise, such as, for example, Hubble. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Fourier series is a representation of an arbitrarily taken function with a specific period as a series. In general terms, this solution is called the decomposition of an element in an orthogonal basis. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Sensory analysis, carried out with the help of the senses, is one of the most ancient and widespread ways to determine the quality of food products. Today, laboratory methods for organoleptic evaluation of product quality are more complex and time-consuming, but at the same time they allow characterizing many particular features of a product. They contribute to the overall evaluation of the quality of products objectively and relatively quickly. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

In real dispersed systems, solid particles are never the same in size. Therefore, the task of sedimentation analysis is to find their size distribution. The study of various powders and suspensions is of great importance for determining the performance of industrial materials. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Infrared radiation was discovered at the end of the 19th century, but it became widely used in various industries only from the middle of the 20th century. Then the question arose about the dangers of infrared rays. As a result of the research, it was proved that infrared waves with different lengths affect the human body in different ways. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Most of us have only heard of polycarbonate through advertisements or television shows about gardening, its applicability to greenhouses. At the same time, many do not even realize that in our daily life we daily encounter products, part of which is monolithic polycarbonate. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Phytogenic factors are an important component in the life of almost all living organisms. Directly or indirectly, plants affect not only organisms of their own species, but also other plants, animals, microorganisms. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Colloid solutions are an important part of any person's life. The structural particle of many colloids are micelles. Their structure is quite complex and depends on many factors. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Flotation is an important step in wastewater treatment from suspended particles, droplets of oily liquids and detergents. It can be carried out in various ways, using additional equipment or reagents. But the main thing is the ability of pollutants to stick together with gas bubbles and leave the cleaned environment. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

The role of chemical thermodynamics is difficult to overestimate. It not only lays the foundation for a deep study of other sections of chemistry, but also helps to perform calculations for chemical industries. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids have recently attracted active interest not only of scientists, but also of ordinary people. This is due to the fact that a non-Newtonian fluid is easy to make with your own hands and is suitable for home experiments. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

In the southern hemisphere, next to Sagittarius and Scorpio, there is a very small constellation - the Southern Crown. Why is this constellation interesting, why is it so named? And how far is it from the constellation Northern Corona? In this article you will find answers to all these interesting questions. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

A large number of various magazines that collect and analyze information related to the achievements and problems of aviation often focus readers on the material aspects of the work and structure of modernized devices such as airplanes, rockets, helicopters and other aircraft. Often, all phenomena that occur with the internal and external structure of the vehicle during the flight are also analyzed. Usually this is a contrail. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Under the jet movement is understood, in which one of its parts is separated from the body at a certain speed. The resulting force acts on its own. In other words, she lacks even the slightest contact with external bodies. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

What is the difference between strong and weak electrolytes. Properties of acids and bases, examples of practical use. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

What is the melting point of metal? What parameters does it depend on? eutectic alloys. Application of tables of melting points of metals and alloys. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01

Breuer Josef - Austrian physician and physiologist, whom Sigmund Freud and others called the founder of psychoanalysis. He managed to cure the patient of the symptoms of hysteria after he helped her to remember unpleasant moments from the past under hypnosis. He spoke about his method and the results obtained to Sigmund Freud, and also gave him his patients. Last modified: 2025-01-05 10:01